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Detection of pathogens in joint infections, including total endoprostheses using the BioFire method (Biomérieux)
ŠTĚTINOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis deals with the detection of pathogens in joint infections including total joint replacements by the BioFire method (Biomérieux, France). Compared to conventional methods, the Biofire Joint Infection Panel (BioMérieux, France) offers simultaneous detection of up to 39 pathogens and antimicrobial resistance markers in about one hour of time.This method is a multiplex PCR system for rapid and comprehensive testing. It is an innovative method that, thanks to its speed and comprehensiveness, will allow clinical microbiologists and physicians to make timely decisions on appropriate antibiotic therapy. Early de-escalation of this antibiotic therapy will also be enabled through the timely and targeted deployment of the appropriate ATB. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the major infections of joints and joint replacements, introduces the reader to the most important causative agents of these infections, and a section is also devoted to microbiological diagnosis. The practical part describes the classical multiplex PCR, the FilmArray multiplex PCR system and with it the BioFire Joint Infection Panel, which has been used in the analysis of synovial fluid in patients with suspected septic arthritis or periprosthetic infection. Data from the analysis are also evaluated in the practical part. The data are from March 2021 to June 2022 and are presented in the practical part in the form of tables and graphs. The conclusion of the paper summarizes the relevance of the method for routine diagnosis and answers the stated research questions.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa jako původce močových infekcí
ŽÁČEK, Jakub
This bachelor thesis deals with the microbiological laboratory diagnosis of urinary bacterial infections, with an emphasis on the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is known for its high resistance and is often found as a causative agent of urinary infections in immunocompromised patients. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis describes the structure of the urinary system, bacterial urinary infections as a whole, and the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa itself. The methodological part, conducted in the microbiology section of the SYNLAB České Budějovice laboratory, subsequently describes the procedures for processing urine samples for bacteriological examination, including sampling, transport, and sample reception, pre-cultivation screening, and cultivation methods. Furthermore, methods of identification based on the biochemical properties of bacteria and identification using MALDI-TOF are described. Also included in the methodological part is the determination of bacterial sensitivity to antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion method. The results obtained from the laboratory information system for the periods of November and December 2023 and January 2024 are evaluated and compared with the results of other authors. This work serves to verify the methods used and emphasizes the use of modern methods in the diagnosis of bacterial urinary infections.
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Vliv CTF na utužení půdy a ekonomiku zemědělského podniku
DVOŘÁK, Jan
The bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of three methods of cultivation of Julia winter wheat. The work is focused on the cultivation method in the CTF system. The thesis explains what farming in the CTF system means and what benefits they bring to farmers. GPS systems that belong to automation in agriculture are also described. Attention is paid mainly to the cost of fuel consumption of used rigs and to excess crossings in the field.
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Grape vine
Lubovská, Karolína ; Písaříková, Jana (referee) ; Korbička, Pavel (advisor)
The work Grape Vine explores the theme of the South Moravian wine landscape and the elements that are associated with it and most characteristic of it. The work highlights the practices by which this landscape is altered and cultivated for human use, in this case for the cultivation of grapes and the wine production. It focuses on the approach to the landscape and the specific ways in which different parts of it are approached through cultivation, selection and growth control in order to achieve the highest yields using the practices determined by the tradition of agriculture in this specific area.
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Infection of salmonelosis, their source and diagnosis.
Valkus, Martin ; Veselá, Mária (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis deals with infection of salmonelosis, it’s source, prevention and diagnosis. Theoretical part includes general information about Salmonella species and its morphology. It describes pathogenesis, source of infection, clinical symptoms, treatment and diet recommendations. It analyzes statistics of number of infection occurrences in Czech Republic. It also deals with prevention of infection origin on schools, population foreknowledge and climatic effects. Experimental part of this thesis contains description of optimization procedure of identification Enterobacteriaceae by adjusting of pH of prepared medium MIU.
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Study of 3D bacterial cellulose production using banana peels as a carbon source
Netopilík, Tibor ; Pernicová, Iva (referee) ; Kovalčík, Adriána (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of 3D bacterial cellulose production using Komagataeibacter xylinus using banana peels as a carbon source. The theoretical part deals with the comparison of the properties of bacterial cellulose and plant cellulose, different methods of biotechnological production of bacterial cellulose and its use. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out whether it is possible to use banana peel as a carbon source for biotechnological production of bacterial cellulose. Banana peels are waste lignocellulosic material produced, for example, in the production of snacks or fruit or dairy beverages in the food industry. HPLC analysis showed that 1 l of hydrolyzate after enzymatic hydrolysis of 100 g of dry banana peels per 1 l of water contained 8.86 g of glucose and 10.46 g of fructose. The hydrolyzate was used as a carbon source for static and dynamic cultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinus. The yields of bacterial cellulose produced by using banana peels or glucose were compared. The use of banana peels hydrolyzate increased the yields of bacterial cellulose about 170 % in the case of static cultivation and about 220 % in the case of dynamic cultivation. Scanning electron micrographs of bacterial cellulose confirmed the morphological differences between bacterial cellulose produced statically and dynamically. Moreover, the morphology of bacterial cellulose was influenced by the kind of used carbon source.
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Optimization of cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts on mixed waste substrates
Holub, Jiří ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The master thesis addresses the issue of cultivation of selected strains of carotenogenic yeasts on waste materials of the food industry using a laboratory bioreactor. Carotenogenic yeasts are able to produce highly valuable metabolites during cultivation, which are located predominantly in the lipid part of the cells. Particularly, they are carotenoids, ergosterol, coenzyme Q and fatty acids. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part describes individual yeast strains, types of waste materials, produced metabolites and methods of their analysis. The experimental part deals with the processing of waste materials of the food industry, specifically animal fat, whey and spent coffee grounds into the form of substrates usable as nutrition sources for yeast cultivation. Furthermore, cultivations focused on the recovery of the monitored metabolites and their analysis by using HPLC/PDA and GC/FID assemblies were studied as well. The yeast strains Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCY 19-4-6), Rhodotorula kratochvilae (CCY 20-2-26), Rhodosporidium toruloides (CCY 062-002-001), Sporidiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6) a Cystofilobasidium macerans (CCY 10-1-2) were used in this work. As one of the best producing strains Sporidiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6) was found, which achieved very high productions of carotenoids, coenzyme Q and ergosterol.
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Characterization of yeast and algae metabolites by instrumental techniques
Kurowska, Klára ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The presented diploma thesis deals with the analysis and production of selected microbial metabolites of the yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae in comparison to various species of microalgae. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge about the conditions for optimal growth and production of secondary metabolites. Analytical methods, by which metabolites were quantified and evaluated, were also described. In the experimental part of this thesis, the amount of accumulated biomass, exoglycolipids, intracellular lipids, phycobiliproteins and carotenoids according to various nutrient sources in the culture medium was studied. Specifically, the yields of these metabolites were investigated in the utilization of various sources of nitrogen (yeast extract, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and potassium nitrate), carbon (glucose, mannose, xylose, glycerol and lactose) and at variable C / N ratios (20; 40; 70; 100 and 120: 1) ideally selected sources of observed nutrients in partial experiments. The last part of the experiment was focused on comparison of the analysis of metabolites of autotrophic algae (chlorophylls, phycobiliproteins and lipids).
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Production of magnetic particles by microorganisms
Chvalkovská, Eva ; Mgr. Martina Mikešová, Ph.D. (roz. Pravečková) (referee) ; Trachtová, Štěpánka (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the magnetic nanoparticles produced by bacteria. These are two types of bacteria. First of them we can find in an industrial environment that produce magnetic nanoparticles using magnetosomes. Magnetosomes are units containing nanocrystals and are surrounded by a lipid layer. They are made up of chains and work as a compass. In this thesis I deal with possibilities of cultivation od these bacteria, acquisition of magnetosomes and subsequent processing. The second type is bacteria living in the human body, they start to produce magnetic nanoparticles after the addition of trigger, such as silver nitrate. Bakteria which can produce silver or ferrous nanoparticles are Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei and Lactobacillus fermentum. Experimental part of bachelor thesis focused on the production of silver nitrate in concetration of 0,1; 1; 2; 4 mM. The bacteria that have been shown to produce silver nanoparticles are Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei CCM 7088T a Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei CCM 7089 a Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825T.
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Production of carotenoids grown on waste fat
Holub, Jiří ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Carotenoids are lipid-soluble pigments which are contained in plants and microorganisms. Carotenoids are known for their antioxidant effects. Lipids are predominantly non-polar substances, which are essential and present in all types of organisms. The research was made by theoretical and practical form. It was dealing with production of carotenoids pigments and different lipophilic substances by yeasts of Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodosporidium toruloides and Sporidiobolus metaroseus, cultivated in media containing waste fat or glycerol. Further, methods for obtaining lipid substances from microorganisms and with further analysis of samples by gas or liquid chromatography were optimized. The main task of the research was to find out which types of media and yeasts are the most suitable for production of lipid substances. For production of lipid substances in glycerol media, as the best producing strain Rhodosporidium toruloides was found, which simultaneously reported the highest concentrations of carotenoids on fatty and fatty hydrolyzed media.
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