Factors influencing somatic embryogenesis in selected spruce

Kuzmenko, Marharyta

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is an important plant regeneration technique and is currently one of the most preferred methods for large-scale commercial propagation of valuable forest trees. It is a multi-step regeneration process starting with iniciation of embryogenic cultures, followed by proliferation, maturation, germination and plant regeneration. For SE in conifers, each stage represents various challenges that often depend on the results of the previous stage. It is a complex multi-step process comprising various factors that can influence the formation of somatic embryos. Understanding these factors allows improving the quality and quantity of the somatic embryos and contributes to their greater practical application. The focus of this thesis was on the first step of SE, the induction stage as it is the fundamental stage for the entire process of plantlet regeneration via SE. Despite the successes achieved for many coniferous species, the implementation of an appropriate protocol for induction of SE in Picea orientalis has not been reported. The aim of this thesis was to test different concentrations of plant growth regulators in the induction medium in order to develop a protocol for SE of P. orientalis and to obtain a high number of responsive embryogenic cell lines. The experiment showed that the nutritional medium with the best response was supplemented only with auxin (2,4 D).

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