Účinnost mykoparazitických a entomopatogenních hub proti houbovým původcům onemocnění rostlin

SINKALA, Natasha

Entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi have the potential to be used both locally and internationally as an effective and environmentally friendly strategy for the man-agement of pests and plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In this bachelor thesis, the efficacy of beneficial fungi was tested under laboratory conditions. The methodology involved isolation and description of useful fungal species and subse-quent testing of useful fungi with potential mycoparasitic and antagonistic effects. The efficacy of the fungi was tested on pathogens that were mainly isolated from seeds or diseased legume plants. The experiments revealed that all Trichoderma strains isolated from soil of the Czech Republic showed mycoparasitic effect on se-lected pathogens. However, the efficacy of the strains depended on the type of fun-gal pathogen. Spore production of Trichoderma strains was also evaluated both in the control variant as well as the mutual interactions with pathogens. The results again showed differences in spore production among the Trichoderma strains. The myco-parasitic effect of the entomopathogenic fungi Isaria fumosorosea and Akanthomyces attenuatus against the pathogen Botrytis cinerea was also evaluated. The results re-vealed that although I. fumosorosea and A. attenuatus showed a significant mycopar-asitic effect against Botrytis cinerea, the mycoparasitic fungus T. virens showed the highest efficacy against the pathogen. The findings indicated that both mycoparasitic and entomopathogenic fungi are sustainable alternatives to artificial pesticides in the fight against fungal agents of plant diseases.

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