Glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II - strukturní a biochemická charakterizace a racionální návrh inhibitorů

Ptáček, Jakub

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a human membrane-bound metallopeptidase discovered more than 30 years ago. It has attracted attention of biomedical scientists thanks to its diverse tissue expression profile and different biological functions. GCPII is detected on the surface of astrocytes in both central and peripheral nervous systems where it is responsible for the cleavage of N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG), the most abundant mammalian peptidic neurotransmitter. Glutamate, one of the hydrolytic products, is a potent excitatory neurotransmitter and its overproduction has been shown to be responsible for cell death in various neurological disorders by a so-called glutamate excitotoxicity mechanism. Together with the fact that NAAG acts neuroprotectively it has been postulated (and later confirmed) that GCPII inhibition has a therapeutic potential in such disorders. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men and despite its slow progression it is prone to metastasize thus posing a life threat. GCPII has been found to be overexpressed in prostate tumor cells compared to the healthy tissue (therefore it is also termed prostate-specific membrane antigen - PSMA) thus representing an excellent biomarker of PCa validated by many publications and clinical studies....

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