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Food allergies in preschool children
Tomíšková, Markéta ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
1 Food allergies in children are common (affecting up to 8% of children) and their prevalence has been increasing in the last two to three decades. The basic measure for the long-term management of food allergy is an elimination diet, i.e. the exclusion of the relevant allergen from the diet. An elimination diet can disrupt and endanger healthy growth and development of a child. Therefore, it is important that elimination diets with a serious impact on the patient's diet are based on a medically confirmed diagnosis of food allergy. Preschool children eat to a significant extent outside their homes - 60 % of their diet is provided by the nursery school. The aim of the work is to provide parents of children with suspected or actual food allergy practical recommendations regarding their nutrition in the form of educational material, using the latest theoretical knowledge and with emphasis on food elimination only on the basis of proven food allergy and help to parents regarding nutrition of allergic children in nursery school. The main output of the work consists of educational material in Annex 2 of the thesis. The educational material will help to increase parents' awareness of food allergy and the need to confirm it by an allergist, especially in cases of risk of serious reactions and serious effects on the...
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Prevalence of food intolerance and allergy in the adult population of the Czech Republic
CHUDOBOVÁ TVRDÍKOVÁ, Marta
Purpose of this diploma thesis is mapping of prevalence of food intolerance and food allergy in the adult population. Theoretical part of the diploma thesis deals with the basic terms in this field - as are food intolerance, particular sorts of food intolerance, food allergy, crossed food allergies and also specific types of allergens. Next chapter describes adulthood from the aspect of developmental psychology and also from the legislative point of view. Further the general principles in case of food intolerance or food allergy are contained here. In the practical part, there was surveyed the prevalence of food intolerance or food allergy in the adult population. These data were obtained by means of a questionnaire of own construction. The questionnaire included 13 questions. In total 84 respondents took part in this questionnaire survey. From the results is evident that food intolerance or allergy appears mostly by women (72,6 %) - mainly in the population at the age of 18 - 28 years. The food allergy is the most frequent. According to the results milk, nuts and cereals belong to the frequent allergens. Gluten intolerance appears most frequently.
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Alpha-gal - dvě strany jedné mince
ŠABATKOVÁ, Klára
Ticks are interesting ectoparasites for their ability to modulate the host's defense response. This ability of tick saliva is often exploited by pathogens to increase their transmission. Therefore many researchers focused on identification of molecules in tick saliva and their possible medical use. This thesis focuses on the high natural presence of anti-Gal antibodies in human serum and it's interaction with alpha-gal epitope that is expressed on the surface of some pathogens and mammalian cells. This epitope has been identified in tick saliva and some drugs as well.
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Analysis of STAT 6 gene polymorphism by PCR-RFLP method
VADLEJCHOVÁ, Markéta
This work deals with the issue of allergies, especially food allergies which have a negative impact on the overall quality of life and whose prevalence is constantly increasing in developed countries. Reactions to some food allergens can even be life-threatening. Such allergens include, for example, nuts and peanuts. The development of allergies is influenced not only by environmental factors, but also by the individual genetic makeup of a particular individual. A key regulator of allergic diseases is the human STAT6 gene that is located on chromosome 12. Many polymorphisms have already been identified in this gene, one of which is the G/A SNP at position 2964 located in the 3´-untranslated region (rs324015). To analyze this polymorphism, DNA samples were taken from a total of 25 people from the Czech Republic, 16 of whom suffered from nut or peanut allergies. DNA isolation was performed from these samples and followed by PCR-RFLP. Electrophoresis was then performed, and individual genotypes were determined. DNA sequencing was also performed from some isolates to confirm the results obtained using PCR-RFLP. Genotype A/A was found in 4 %, A/G in 56 % and G/G in 40 % of examined persons; the frequency of alleles was 0.32 for A and 0.68 for G. The frequency of allele G was higher in people who had no allergies to nuts and peanuts.
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Food allergies in infant and toddler age
Stárková, Klára ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of food allergies in infant and toddler age. Theoretical part sums up the newest information about prevelance, which is increasing and food allergies are becoming one of the disease of civilization in 21. century. Next chapter is about the basics of patophysiology and explanation of difference between IgE and non-IgE reactions. Other chapters are focused on diagnostic methods, symptoms and treatment. Next parts deal with the most common food alergens in infant and toddler age, prognosis, risk factors and prevention. The aim of the work was to find out level of parent's knowlodege about the food allergies, what is their main source of the information and incidence of food allergies in children. The select methodology of the work was questionnare survey. The results are that parents don't have enough relevant information about food allergies, they are best informed about recommended lenght of an exclusive breastfeeding and about an appropriate age for an introduction of complementary food. The information are mostly searched on the internet, less from pediatrician. It was also found there is no significant dependency of the quality of information and level of education or allergic load in family. The proportion of children with food allergies was quite high...
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Potravinové alergie u dětí
Wojnarová, Veronika
Bachelor thesis Food allergies in children deals with the issue of food allergies focusing on children in a specific age. The first part is focused on postnatal period of human development and definition of its stages. It describes children nutrition considering each stage. The second part describes the immune system of human body. There are analyzed differences between food allergies and intolerances development. Next are described various types of food intolerance, their mechanism and possible treatment. The last part focuses on the food allergies development. The most common allergen causing food allergies are described here. Also mechanism of food allergy in human organism, symptomes and possible treatment are described. It is also focused on legislation and regulation of food allergens.
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Výživa dětí předškolního věku s důrazem na potravinové alergie
Kocmanová, Adéla
Bachelor thesis „The nutrition of preschool children with a focus on food allergy“ is processed as a literary research. The first half of the work deals with the basics of human nutrition, the intake of nutrients, minerals and vitamins, which are essential for the proper development and keep up human health. The principles of healthy eating should be instilled by children from birth, which is primarily in the interest of parents. Preschool children become independent individuals learning new things easily, therefore this period is very important for learning eating habits. The second half of the work is focused on the development of allergies. It describes food allergies, the most common food allergens, the difference between food intolerance and food allergy, their symptoms, prevention and treatment in more detail.
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Calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy
BÍLKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis deals with the calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy from their diet. As the first aim I chose to inform parents about possibility of deficiency of the calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy. The second aim is to find out the calcium content in the diet of children with this allergy. In the theoretical part of my bachelor thesis I briefly describe food allergy in general then I focuse on cow's milk protein allergy, types of reactions, symptoms, diagnostics and therapy. As the topic of this bachelor thesis is calcium intake in children with cow's milk protein allergy, the next part is devoted to calcium, its importance in human body, absorption, usability and also resources. At the end of theoretical part of this thesis I mention the specifics of nutrition in children with this allergy, such as different labeling of ingredients containing milk protein on food packaging or in composition of dishes, and also possibility of replacing milk and milk products in terms of consistency and taste. In the practical part of this bachelor thesis I cooperate with mothers of children with cow's milk protein allergy who give me one week menu of their children, from which I calculated the calcium intake for each day and also the average weekly calcium intake per day. I also informed these mothers about the possibility of calcium deficiency in their children's diet. Calcium intake approaching the recommended daily intake for a group of children aged 1-3 years occured only in one case. In four cases was the intake of calcium from children's diet lower than 50 % of the recommended daily intake for these children.
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Problematika kojení a vývoje imunitního systému u člověka
SPĚVÁKOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this work is to evaluate breastfeeding along with the timing of complementary feeding of infants as a possible way of food allergy prevention. The first part of the thesis deals with the human immune system development and the factors which play a crucial role in this problematics. The next part is dedicated to breastfeeding and it describes the composition of breast milk and its immunological importance. The last part deals with the patophysiology of food allergies and food intolerance.
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The prevalence of nutrition intolerance by the adult population
CINEROVÁ, Leona
The Bachelor thesis dealing with the issue of food allergies and intolerance in the adult population. Its divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the term food allergy and intolerance as a whole structure. My Bachelor thesis explains their importance, describes their types, manifestations, possibilities of diagnostics and their treatment. The practical part using a questionnaire survey, maps the state of all food allergies and intolerances in the adult population, ascertains their knowledge from the respondents, the most common allergenic foods and their impact on affected individuals and last but not least, the attitude of families to eating habits with regard to allergenic foods. The sample of my 273 respondents showed the fact, that the knowledge of food allergy and nutrition intolerance, is rather below average and may cause food affects to the general public, but almost everyone of the affected people take this problem responsibly.
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