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Korupce v postkomunistických evropských zemích
Chábová, Kristýna ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Frič, Pavol (referee) ; Bureš, Radim (referee)
Corruption is perceived as one of the most serious threats to the society and to the economy of the country as well. For these reasons, many social scientists have tried to discover and describe the root causes of corruption. This task is complicated by the fact that corruption is a clandestine activity, which makes it very difficult to measure and to detect its true effects, as well as its underlying causes. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse and explore possible causes for the level of corruption on the European level with a special focus on the differences between post-communist European countries and the rest of countries in Europe. First, this dissertation presents theories explaining corruption on a global level as well as definitions of corruption. Theories explaining the influences between corruption on a global level and various variables, namely GDP per capita, income inequality, generalized trust, values, and the share of Protestants in the population, are discussed and a special focus is made on the possible different effect in the case of post-communist European countries. Next, in methodological part, indicators measuring corruption are assessed and the best indicator is selected - the Control of Corruption by the World Bank. The validity of the theories presented in the first...
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Women as presidential candidates: Radičová, Tymoshenko and Grybauskaité
Martinovská, Veronika ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on women in politics, specifically on the cases when a woman is running for a president. For a purpose of the thesis 3 candidates were chosen, Radičová, Tymoshenko and Grybauskaite, i. e. one successful and two unsuccessfull ones. These case were chosen intentionally among countries of postcommunism space, where we can expect role of gender stereotypes, especially when running for the position of head of state. This thesis's object is to compare all the women candidates and explore possible causes of their success/ unsuccess based on the conditions and stereotypes dominating in a country. Thesis focuses on election campaign, party affiliation or support of each candidate and their effect on voters.
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Patterns and trends in survival: Kazakhstan and post-communist countries confronted with low mortality populations
Mukhtarova, Zhanyl ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Pechholdová, Markéta (referee) ; Šídlo, Luděk (referee)
This research primarily addresses mortality patterns and trends by main causes of death in the post-communist countries of Central Asia, Central Europe and the Baltic region together with low mortality populations such as those of France, Spain and the USA. The aim of this study is to analyze the changes in the mortality levels and its structure by the main causes of death by sex and age, and confronted with low mortality populations between the period of 1985 and 2005, respectively. The first (and main) part of the work therefore focuses on cause-specific mortality levels and its relative structure by main causes of death in the selected countries. Moreover, the different patterns of excess male mortality were also observed. The second part is concentrated at the age-standardized mortality levels by main causes of death. The research identified several important issues encasing the field of mortality, especially in the cause-specific mortality situation in Central Asian republics.
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Which factors influence a size of the nonprofit sector in post-communist countries?
Zdražilová, Věra ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Granja, Monika (referee)
This thesis focuses on answering the question which factors affect a size of a non governmental sector (NGOs) in post-communist countries and how do they influence NGOs. We compare three countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. They are regionally and culturally close but they differ in the political system or in the religion. A regression analysis shows us how values as a size of a state spending influence NGOs. Many authors researched similarities of these three states already but our target is to analyze the mutual influence of development of NGOs, the political system and the religion together.
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