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Use of Hsp90 as a target of biological therapy of tumors
Bednárová, Kristína ; Bouchalová,, Pavla (oponent) ; Müller, Petr (vedoucí práce)
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a relatively new class of highly potent anti-tumor drugs. Thanks to highly specific monoclonal antibodies, ADCs are able to deliver a cytotoxic payload directly to tumor cells and thus minimize damage to healthy cells. Therapeutic efficacy depends on the selection of an appropriate antigen that undergoes internalization upon conjugate binding. For this project, pro-oncogenic Hsp90 and c-Met were selected as potential targets. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that is overexpressed in tumor cells and, in addition, can be translocated to the membrane of these cells. Overexpressed Hsp90 contributes to angiogenesis, tumor cell motility or metastasis. C-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a central role in epithelial morphogenesis and malignant transformation. Its increased activity induces pathways responsible for the proliferation, invasion and migration of malignant cells. The aim of the diploma thesis was to study the potential use of antibodies with anti-Hsp90 and anti-c-Met activities in anti-tumor therapy. The experimental part involved the purification of the EEV1-2.1 antibody with anti-Hsp90 activity and its subsequent characterization. Furthermore, it included the characterization and selection of anti-c-Met antibody clones. It was also focused on selection and optimization of the right conjugation strategy. The activity of the antibodies and their conjugates was examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. In vivo experiments were further aimed at verifying the efficacy of ADC by monitoring the rate of inhibition of proliferation of selected tumor cell lines. The results revealed that the EEV1 antibody does not enter the cells specifically by antigen-mediated way, and is therefore not suitable for use in conjugation with a cytostatic drug. On the other hand, anti-c-Met antibody ADC conjugates exhibit high affinity for native antigen, internalization through antigen binding, and additionally inhibited proliferation of c-Met overexpressing OE33 cells.
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Use of Hsp90 as a target of biological therapy of tumors
Bednárová, Kristína ; Bouchalová,, Pavla (oponent) ; Müller, Petr (vedoucí práce)
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a relatively new class of highly potent anti-tumor drugs. Thanks to highly specific monoclonal antibodies, ADCs are able to deliver a cytotoxic payload directly to tumor cells and thus minimize damage to healthy cells. Therapeutic efficacy depends on the selection of an appropriate antigen that undergoes internalization upon conjugate binding. For this project, pro-oncogenic Hsp90 and c-Met were selected as potential targets. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that is overexpressed in tumor cells and, in addition, can be translocated to the membrane of these cells. Overexpressed Hsp90 contributes to angiogenesis, tumor cell motility or metastasis. C-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a central role in epithelial morphogenesis and malignant transformation. Its increased activity induces pathways responsible for the proliferation, invasion and migration of malignant cells. The aim of the diploma thesis was to study the potential use of antibodies with anti-Hsp90 and anti-c-Met activities in anti-tumor therapy. The experimental part involved the purification of the EEV1-2.1 antibody with anti-Hsp90 activity and its subsequent characterization. Furthermore, it included the characterization and selection of anti-c-Met antibody clones. It was also focused on selection and optimization of the right conjugation strategy. The activity of the antibodies and their conjugates was examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. In vivo experiments were further aimed at verifying the efficacy of ADC by monitoring the rate of inhibition of proliferation of selected tumor cell lines. The results revealed that the EEV1 antibody does not enter the cells specifically by antigen-mediated way, and is therefore not suitable for use in conjugation with a cytostatic drug. On the other hand, anti-c-Met antibody ADC conjugates exhibit high affinity for native antigen, internalization through antigen binding, and additionally inhibited proliferation of c-Met overexpressing OE33 cells.
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The role of ADAM17 and other metalloproteases in liver pathological processes
Žbodáková, Oľga ; Sedláček, Radislav (vedoucí práce) ; Muchová, Lucie (oponent) ; Stříšovský, Kvido (oponent)
2 Abstrakt Jaterní fibróza je patologický stav, při kterém dochází ke zmnožení vaziva v jaterní tkáni. V pokročilém stádiu vede k cirhóze nebo až k hepatocelulárnímu karcinomu. Tento jev se vyskytuje u všech chronických jaterních onemocnění a jeho prevalence u dospělé populace v Evropě se odhaduje okolo 4 %. V této práci jsem se zabývala rolí tří metaloproteáz z rodiny metzincinů - ADAM17, ADAM10 a MMP-19, v jaterní fibróze a regeneraci jater. Proteázy ADAM17 a ADAM10 jsou významné při regulaci signálních drah ovlivňujících imunitní odpověď a buněčnou diferenciaci. Obě proteázy odštěpují z buněčných membrán ektodomény svých substrátů, čímž mohou regulovat dostupnost ligandů nebo funkčnost receptorů. Mnoho z těchto substrátů hraje roli v jaterních patologiích. MMP19 je naproti tomu metaloproteázou, jež hraje důležitou úlohu při štěpení extracelulární matrix, což je proces významný jak při rozvoji, tak při hojení fibrózy. Naše výsledky prokázaly, že inaktivace ADAM10 vede u myších modelů ke zvýšené náchylnosti k tvorbě spontánní i toxinem indukované jaterní fibrózy. Myší modely deficientní pro ADAM10 vykazovaly poškození epitelu žlučových kanálků, charakterizované zvýšením negativních biliárních markerů v séru těchto zvířat. Oproti tomu inhibice ADAM17 měla protektivní účinek v experimentálních modelech, jež...
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