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How predation risk affects the growth and development of dragonfly larvae?
PEROUTKA, Miroslav
Predation and prey responses to predators in aquatic environment are reviewed with emphasis on non-lethal effect of predators on prey life history, antipredator behavior and related mechanisms. The review focuses on dragonfly larvae and other groups of prey with complex life histories, mainly anurans. The review is complemented by laboratory experiments examining the effects of varied food availability and predation risk on a selected species of dragonfly, Sympetrum vulgatum.
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Structural Reforms and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
Babecký, Jan ; Havránek, Tomáš
This paper evaluates the impact of structural reforms, mainly liberalization and privatiza- tion, on economic growth. To provide stylized facts on how such reforms worked in the past, we quantitatively review 60 studies that estimate the relation between reforms and growth empirically. These studies examine structural reforms carried out in 26 transition and post-transition countries around the world. Our results show that a typical reform caused costs in the short run, but had strong positive effects on long-run growth. Reforms focused on external liberalization proved to be more beneficial than other types of reform in both the short and long run. The findings hold even after correction for publication bias and misspecifications present in some primary studies
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Adaptation of Intensively Bred Juvenile Fish of Pikeperch (\kur{Sander lucioperca}) to a Pond Condition
CHOTĚBORSKÝ, Michal
The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability of juvenile fish of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) artificially bred in the recirculation system, which were planted to experimental ponds. Within this study of adaptability, the survival rate of planted fish and their growth in determined period was observed. Later, after several months of breeding the pikeperch in experimental ponds, the returnable adaptability was evaluated, when the fish from ponds were returned to the recirculation system, where they were adapted back to the controlled breeding conditions and artificial feed. Again, the survival rate and growth of adapted fish was evaluated.
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Performance comparison of selected populations of two breeds of rabitts
POUSTKA, Milan
The aim of the thesis was performance comparison of selected populations of two breeds of rabbits, the Moravian blue (Mm) and the Dutch rabbit (Ho), large and small breed of rabbit in fact. The monitored aspects were the production characters (growth and carcass yield) and reproduction characters (average numbers of birth, number of all births, live born and still-born births and number of weaning rabbits, ability of pregnancy, milkiness). Population of each of the breeds was monitored in a selected base of 68 litters of Moravian blue and 84 litters of Dutch rabbit. Both monitored breeds are recognized by the Czech Breeders Association as bred breeding and club breeding rabbits. Growth was monitored in regular intervals from birth until the end of fattening, i.e. until 8 months of age at Moravian blue a until 6 months of age at Dutch rabbit. The results were compared with the gain in weight published in pattern book of breeds. To evaluate milkiness, each of litters was weighed at 2 and 21 days of age. To compare the reproduction characters the monitored criteria were number of births, total natality and mortality and the number of raised births. The gained values of both breeds were compared and evaluated depending on increment of living mass and the fattening period. Carcass yield was monitored according to the traditional procedure of selected animals of average live weight and after reaching the slaughter age. The results show significantly higher gain in weight throughout the growth period of Dutch rabbit, than required by the pattern book of breeds. Moravian blue showed lower average increase of weight during the first five months of age from standard. The average number of rabbits in litter was 6,3 births at Moravian blue and 6,48 births at Dutch rabbit. On the other hand breeding succest and overall natality gave better results at Moravian blue. It has also been found that the milkiness of Moravian blue was 3985,4 grams in comparison with 2582,2 grams at Dutch rabbit, which is given by the size of breed. The slaughter analysis showed the carcass yield to be 56,1 % at Moravian blue and 62,4 % at Dutch rabbit, which is a value approaching meat breeds but at a lower meat production. The overall summary of the gained results showed greater production of living matter at Moravian blue rabbit providing greater demands for animal housing and feeding base. Its brood provides greater potential for growth and in some aspects better reproduction character. On the other hand, Dutch rabbit reached paradoxically more births in litter and higher carcass yield of undoubtedly better quality meat. Results of this thesis can be beneficial for choosing breed for novice breeders and for existing breeders it can help in their attempts to improve the strengths and eliminate the weaknesses of their breed.
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Analysis of the production of broiler chickens on the farm Agro Čejetice
RIŠKOVÁ, Martina
Production of poultry meat in the Republic and in the world has upward trend. This is primarily due to the highly fattening ability, reproductive short interval, dietetic properties of meat and good efficiency of conversion of feed nutrients. Every year across the European Union is produced about 9,6 billion broiler chickens. Broiler chicknes are specialized type of chicken bred and consume for meat. In a global comparison of the largest share of the production of poultry meat is provided by the United States and countries of the European Union. Czech Republic belongs to the volume of production to less dynamically developing countries. Chicken meat is cheaper than the other kinds of meat and this has significantly increased its market share. This is due to the fact that chicken meat contains many valuable protein and its cuisine is very simple. The subject of the master thesis was to evaluate selected influences on increment of broiler chickens in the farm Agro Čejetice s.r.o. in a time sequence of five years (2008-2012). The thesis was focused on the index calculation and observation of the effectiveness of the fattening period during each batch and on detailed observation of growths and loss in each of the locations. Also on the consumption of KKS and link to average selling weight of chicks.
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Cattle Candidate Genes for Meat Production Traits
BLÁHOVÁ, Alice
The objective of this study was to compile a summary of the most important candidate genes for meat production. The studied genes were: GH, GHR, MSTN, MyoD family, leptin, IGF, TG5, SCD, DGAT and STAT5A. Growth hormone (GH) is involved in physiological processes of growth and metabolism. Growth hormone receptor (GHR) has been proposed as a candidate gene for meat production in cattle. Myostatin is a significant marker. It affects the amount of muscle, reduces marbling and elevate meat tenderness. MyoD family are proteins that play a role in regulating muscle differentiation. MyoD family include the genes: MYF3, MYF4, MYF5 and MYF6. Leptin is in association with the storage of fat, food intake and energy balance. The thyroglobulin gene (TG5) is the precursor for thyroid hormones. These hormones have important role in formation and differentitation of cells. Product of the SCD genes is stearoyl? CoA denaturase. This enzym is responsible for conversion of saturated fatty acids into monoinsaturated fatty acids. DGAT1 genes is a candidate gene for marbling of meat and fat in milk. STAT5A gene is a group of transcription factors and is very important intracellular mediator of prolactin.
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Selected somatic characteristics and motor performance of girls aged 7 and 10 years
NOVOTNÁ, Petra
This work is focused on monitoring changes in selected somatic characteristics and motor performance of girls aged 7 and 10 years. The research was also focused on diet and lifestyle of the girls and their parents. The research was conducted at five different primary schools (Tábor, Soběslav, České Budějovice, Tvrdonice). Twenty six somatic dimensions, two functional tests and five motor tests for motor development were measured. There are also presented results of a questionnaire of children and their parents. Some body measurement was used for the calculation of body composition (the weight of the skeleton, the weight of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the weight of the muscle mass and weight of the rest of the body) and the somatotype. The data were recorded in the pre-record sheets and then they were statistically evaluated and processed into tables and graphs. The obtained results were compared with the previous surveys.
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Possibilities of intensive breeding of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) and european perch (Perca fluviatilis) in common duoculture
MAREK, Miloš
The aim of this thesis is to assess the growth rate (and suitability) of different, (in terms of percentual representation) duoculture stocking of Euroasian perch and pikeperch, when they are breeding in the experimental conditions of intensive aquaculture. It is expected to test at least 3 different duoculture stocking and 2 single (control) stocking (100% representation of pikeperch and Euroasian perch). Culture will take place in special experimental tanks which allow quantification of uneaten feed to counting the daily feed intake. Following the own testing of growth rate (including variability), the evaluation of feed intake, survival, feed conversion, and condition indices will be performed. The main tested hypothesis is to find differences in growth and other parameters between Eurasian perch and pikeperch stocking. The own experimental testing will be preceded by a literature search on the topic.
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The influence of foreign direct investment to the economic level of the region.
ZAHRADIL, Jarmil
This thesis deals with the areas of foreign direct investment. But it is not about coverage of this issue from a macro-economic level, but on coverage and introduction to this issue in the regional context. Here, he was elected the South Bohemia region, which is from the point of view of potential foreign investors to the region rather peripheral. This work examines the issue of foreign direct investment, describes their relationship to regional development in General. Introduces and analyzes the State of foreign direct investment in the selected region, structure and allocation. Checks whether these investments generate a multiplier effect. Analyzes whether these investments have a direct impact on the life of the region, whether in response to changes in the structure of employment, the movement of labour in the region, served, to more extensive housing construction.
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Effect of food on the success of development of selected species of cockroaches.
ŠIŠKOVÁ, Žaneta
The aim of this thesis was to find out whether selected types of food substrates affect the adult´s productivity, the weight of newborn nymphs and laid oothecas and whether changes in adult´s productivity and the weight of nymphs occur due to one source of food during the experiment. In this experiment, the Blaptica dubia, Nauphoeta cinerea and Schelfordella tartara species were used. The reason for selection of those species was their high rate of reproduction, undemanding breeding and a short period of growth. The experiment was conducted in six types of feed substrates. The cockroaches were kept at a room temperature. The scales accurate to 0,2 g were used for the determination of the weight (AVINET). The Blaptica dubia species proved the dependence of its adults´ productivity and nymphs´ weight on the month of observation and the dependence of nymphs´ growth on a feed. The Nauphoeta cinerea species proved the dependence of nymphs´ growth on a feed. The Schelfordella tartara species proved the dependence of its adults´ productivity and oothecas´ weight on a feed and on the month of observation. The results of this thesis could emphasize the importance of the influence of a feed on the life of cockroaches breeded in captivity and help breeders to their better results with regard to the selection of a suitable food.
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