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Explantation and analysis of plants
Kašpar, Blahoslav ; Babula,, Petr (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the study of antioxidants and detection methods of their antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are substances able to scavenge the activity of oxygen radicals. This ability protects critical cellular structures from oxidation. In nature, plants belong to the important sources of antioxidants. In this thesis we are specifically focused on the detection of antioxidant activity of Japanese knotweed extracts using FRAP (“Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power”) with automatic UV-Vis spectrometer. The data obtained were treated with the mathematical program developed in MATLAB.
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Molecular mechanisms of the assembly and function of BBSome
Prasai, Avishek ; Huranová, Martina (advisor) ; Varga, Vladimír (referee) ; Bosáková, Michaela (referee)
Bardet Biedl syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the dysfunction of the BBSome, an octameric cargo adaptor protein complex. The BBSome facilitates the transport of signaling receptors into and out of the primary cilium, a microtubule based sensory organelle of the cell. The first part of this thesis focuses on the elucidation of the assembly of the BBSome in living cells. We generated a library of human and mouse cells lines deficient in the individual BBSome subunits and transduced them with the other YFP tagged subunits. We employed biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and quantitative fluorescence microscopy techniques to analyze the individual steps in the BBSome assembly pathway. We revealed that the BBSome assembly occurs sequentially in spatially regulated steps. We showed that BBS4 nucleates the assembly of a pre-BBSome at the pericentriolar satellites. The translocation of the pre-BBSome to the ciliary base is facilitated by BBS1. We also revealed that in a BBS chaperonin deficient cell line, BBS12 KO cells, a small fraction of the BBSome and/or BBSome sub-complexes are still able to form and localize to the cilium. This could suggest that the BBS chaperonins might act later in the BBSome assembly pathway providing a means for quality control for the BBSome. Ciliary ectocytosis...
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Antioxidative parameters of fruit model product.
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Lenka
The content of the main components (anthocyanins, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, L-ascorbic acid, rutin, total polyphenols) was determined in the syrup of elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) by spectrophotometry or high-performanceliquid chromatography. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of this syrup was determined using three methods: ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH. The measurement results were statistically processed and compared using correlation analysis, specifically using the Pearson correlation coefficient. It was found that the prepared product contains 2160 mg/kg anthocyanins, 201 mg/kg rutin, 26 mg/kg chlorogenic acid and 679 mg/l polyphenols. No free quercetin was found. The content of L-ascorbic acid in the original elderberries was relatively low and therefore for study purposes, the syrup was enriched with this substance in the amount of 0.5% (w/w) to study the connection of its content with other substances. It is clear from the statistical processing that the concentration of chlorogenic acid correlates with the antioxidant activity measured by the FRAP method and the concentration of polyphenols to the antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH method.
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Studies on molecular interactions of the mu-opioid and TRPV1 receptors
Melkes, Barbora ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Blahoš, Jaroslav (referee) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
In this work, we investigated the behavior of the -opioid receptor (MOR) and the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel in the plasma membrane and their mutual communication. Both these receptors are implicated in pain perception and analgesia. We observed that the lateral mobility of MOR was strongly affected by different biased opioid agonists. DAMGO and endomorphin-2 display opposite bias towards MOR. According to our results, they also have the opposite effects on the mobility of MOR. Morphine induced only small changes in the mobility of MOR. Moreover, cholesterol depletion and blockage of G protein signaling by pertussis toxin (PTX) affected the ability of different MOR agonists to alter MOR mobility in a unique manner. The effects of DAMGO and endomorphin-2 were compromised under these conditions. On the other hand, we observed increased movement of MOR after the addition of morphine. PTX alone did not affect receptor movement, but it completely disrupted the effect of cholesterol depletion on morphine induced changes the mobility of MOR. Next we studied the mobility of TRPV1. The TRPV1 agonist capsaicin changed the lateral mobility of TRPV1. Surprisingly, after adding the MOR antagonist naloxone, the apparent diffusion coefficient of TRPV1 but to a lower extent than...
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Porovnání krmných dávek s různým obsahem antokyanů ve výživě králíků
Metnarová, Eva
In this thesis the need for nutrients for rabbits was described. Anthocyanins were described as biological substances contained in wheat with non-traditional coloring and their possible antioxidant effects. The second part of the review is devoted to bio-chemical parameters of animal blood. The practical part was aimed at the study of the influence of feed mixture with increased content of anthocyanins. In the experiment, a wheat species PS Karkulka with purple pericarp was used and Vanessa was used as control wheat species. Both of these made 15% of the feed diet. 18 rabbit females of which 9 were in the experimental group and 9 in the control group were included in the experiment. They were fed a complete pelleted mixture. In the experiment, the weight of the animals, the average weight gains, the feed consump-tion, the feed conversion ratio were monitored. After slaughter, slaughter yield, bio-chemical blood analysis and antioxidant activity were monitored. The results show that the differences in average live weight were statistically in-significant, only at week 8 the differences in live weight was statistically significantly higher in the control group. Average weight gains were evaluated as statistically insig-nificant. Statistically significantly higher average feed consumption was found in the control group. The carcass weight was significantly higher in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in biochemical parameters and blood anti-xodation activity.
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Technológie výroby ochutených pív
Mešťánek, Matej
The work was devoted to the technology of flavored beers and consisted of two parts. In the first one, we dealt with their basic division, commonly used raw materials, the description of individual technological steps and the difference between the production of ordinary and flavored beers. They have also been divided based on their origin and assigned to the typical geographical areas in which they are produced. In the second - experimental part - nine micro samples were created and by help of FermentoFlash destillation, and spectrophotometer the basic parameters were determined. Such as the original extract, weight, volume, alcohol and color of wort. Also, the total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity were determined using DPPH and FRAP methods. A sensory evaluation was made in order to detect sensory differences depending on the phase in which the fruit was added. The results were subjected to statistical research and reviewed and compared the results published by other authors.
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Vývoj antioxidační kapacity v průběhu mléčného kvašení zeleniny
Pavloušková, Eva
This thesis, themed "Development of antioxidant capacity during the lactic fermentation of vegetables" was elaborated between 2014 and 2016 at the Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice. The aim of the study was to evaluate the development of antioxidant capacity during the lactic fermentation of selected vegetable species. The theoretical part includes characteristics of vegetables, health-promoting substances, antioxidants and lactic fermentation. In the practical part were based samples of cabbage material and during lactic fermentation were observed changes in the basic parameters and the development of antioxidant capacity. Higher values of antioxidant capacity were observed for fermented cabbage compared with unleavened and also values among representatives of red cabbage varieties were higher than for white ones. Based on the measurement results were evaluated that the lactic fermentation of vegetable material, especially cabbage, is one of the most promising methods to preserve and uplift its antioxidant capacity.
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Vliv oxidu siřičitého na vybrané kvalitatívní parametry vína
Varmuža, Radek
This thesis dealing with The influence of sulfur dioxide on on qualitative parameters of the wines was developer between 2014/2016 at the Department of Post Harvest Technology of Horticultural Products, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno. In this thesis was studied influence of sulfur dioxide on total polyphenols, which was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu and antioxidant capacity, which was measured by FRAP and DPPH. For this experiment were chosen two wines. The white wine was Rulandské bílé and the red wine was Svatovavřinecké. Doses of sulfur dioxide were applied at 0 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 75 mg/l, 100 mg/l. These doses are used in winemaking. Was found, that sulfur dioxide added to wine influence measured values of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity measured by FRAP and DPPH. Also was found, that system FRAP is more affected by sulfur dioxide, than system DPPH.
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Použití polyvinylpolypyrrolidonu a možnosti jeho regenerace v nápojovém průmyslu
Šajtarová, Pavla
This diploma thesis is focused on the topic The use of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone and possibilities of its regeneration in the beverage industry. The thesis was written in years 2015/2016 at the Department of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticultural Products, Faculty of Horticulture at Mendel University in Brno. The theoretical part deals with the polyphenolics compounds in wine, antioxidant capacity and wine defects related to polyphenols. The last chapter offers multiple methods of removing defects, where the highest priority is given to the clarifier PVPP. The experimental part is aimed at the regeneration of single used PVPP with four different ways and the determination of its efficiency throughout suitable analyses after its reuse in the wine. The resulting data are statistically processed and shown in the graphs.
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Vliv přídavku technického konopí Cannabis sativa na antioxidační aktivitu u laboratorních potkanů
Urbánková, Lenka
This thesis studies an influence of hemp added to feed rations on the organism of tested animals. In this feeding experiment the effect of supplied hemp to weight increments and antioxidant activity was observed. The tested animals were rats of strain Wistar albino. The experiment was performed with 20 male rats which were divided into 4 groups. Two groups were fed with hemp mixture and other two with control mixture. During the experiment subjects were weighed once a week and weight gain and feed consumptions were recorded. Spectrofotometric method Folin-Ciocalteu for determinations of polyphenolic compounds was used. Antioxidant activity was measured for the individual samples of feed and liver tissues of tested animals. They were FRAP and TEAC method used. The results of measurement of antioxidant activity in liver tissue proved inconclusive for both methods. Demonstrable differences were found only in samples of feed. The processing was used ANOVA statistical method using the Scheffe test.
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