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Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Adherence to Osteoporosis Treatment
Toušková, Tereza ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee) ; Tesař, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate Mgr. Tereza Toušková Supervisor PharmDr. Magda Vytřísalová, PhD. Title of Doctoral Thesis QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF ADHERENCE TO OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT Následuje překlad abstraktu práce do anglického jazyka. Introduction: Non-adherence in the field of osteoporosis (OP) is considerable and it is necessary to deal with it because adequate adherence to the therapy leads to a reduction in the risk of fractures, the number of hospitalizations, and the cost of health care. Monitoring of the adherence is therefore an essential and integral part of patient care. The problem in osteoporotic patients is that 30-50% don't follow the recommendations for proper use of the drugs, which is f.e. for the treatment of oral bisphosphonates (p.o. BIS) essential. Despite the availability of effective pharmacotherapy, approximately half of patients with OP aren't adherent to the treatment regimen and / or discontinue treatment during the first year of use. Many different methods are used for adherence measurement, making the results difficult to compare. There still isn't a "gold standard" in the measurement of adherence, which would be widely used, which would allow relevant data on...
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Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Adherence to Osteoporosis Treatment
Toušková, Tereza ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee) ; Tesař, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate Mgr. Tereza Toušková Supervisor PharmDr. Magda Vytřísalová, PhD. Title of Doctoral Thesis QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF ADHERENCE TO OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT Následuje překlad abstraktu práce do anglického jazyka. Introduction: Non-adherence in the field of osteoporosis (OP) is considerable and it is necessary to deal with it because adequate adherence to the therapy leads to a reduction in the risk of fractures, the number of hospitalizations, and the cost of health care. Monitoring of the adherence is therefore an essential and integral part of patient care. The problem in osteoporotic patients is that 30-50% don't follow the recommendations for proper use of the drugs, which is f.e. for the treatment of oral bisphosphonates (p.o. BIS) essential. Despite the availability of effective pharmacotherapy, approximately half of patients with OP aren't adherent to the treatment regimen and / or discontinue treatment during the first year of use. Many different methods are used for adherence measurement, making the results difficult to compare. There still isn't a "gold standard" in the measurement of adherence, which would be widely used, which would allow relevant data on...
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Non-prescribed antibiotic use in some developing countries and its association with drug resistance
Belkina, Tatiana ; Kolář, Jozef (advisor) ; Špliňo, Miroslav (referee) ; Tesař, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate Tatiana Belkina, MSc Supervisor doc. RNDr. Jozef Kolář, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Non-prescribed antibiotic use in some developing countries and its association with drug resistance Background and Aims: The global emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance remain a major challenge to infection control and a predominant reason for therapy failure. Non-prescription access to antimicrobials is common, and self- prescribing is increasingly popular in a society with non-regulated access to antimicrobials. It is crucial to avoid self-medication in order to combat antimicrobial resistance. This research need has been addressed within 4 scientific projects with the following aims: P1: We examined knowledge, attitude and practices of antibiotic use in 3 Asian countries and estimated the frequency and reasons for self- medication. P2: This study aimed to evaluate the extent of delay in diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in Uzbekistan and identify associated risk factors. P3: To evaluate knowledge of antibiotics, race, gender and age as independent risk factors for self-medication. P4: The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of community pharmacists regarding antibiotic use...
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Pastoral Care by Jan Patočka
Tesař, Tomáš ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Kranát, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the key question of Patocka"s thinking - care of the soul. In Patocka"s texts it represents the difference between life based on opinions accepted without critical thinking or practical decisions, called naive life, and life based on critical examining. In my opinion, this dichotomy between the two "ways of life" makes some kind of backbone of Patocka"s Plato and Socrates interpretations in his postwar lectures. The philosopher in Patocka"s texts is Socrates. He first reveals the soul as "the most inherent nature of man", that needs to be taken care of. Aware of this Patocka approaches two other great Greek philosophers - Plato and Aristotle as well as the periods of Christianity, Renaissance and Enlightenment. This on the one hand means certain degree of adoption of Socrates" "care of the soul" but on the other hand falling away from it. In the time of Renaissance and especially during Enlightenment a new spiritual style "care of the world" is being born. This leads, according to Patocka, to such kind of understanding the being, that definite abandonment of Socrates" "care of the soul" follows, and the fixed essence of man is in jeopardy. The final part of our thesis introduces Patocka"s noteworthy idea of a victim. Only being a victim brings the genuine freedom of man, who is then...
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Environmental tobacco smoke in bars and restaurants
Tesař, Tomáš ; Braniš, Martin (advisor) ; Hovorka, Jan (referee)
Tobacco smoking has been proved to be harmful to human health and is a known cause of many diseases. It has been shown that not only active smoking can cause health inconveniences - even an exposure to the environmental tobacco smoke (so called secondhand - SHS - or passive smoking) is a serious threat to human health, in some aspects nearly as severe as active smoking. Being aware of these risks, many countries have recently amended their policies which more or less restrict smoking in public places, especially workplaces and hospitality venues. In the Czech Republic, the smoke-free policy belongs to the less strict related to other countries, because it does not restrict smoking at all public places - restaurant and bar owners can choose whether their venue is smoke-free or not and their duty is only to label their venue both outside and inside. The law also enables the option of setting smoking and non-smoking spaces within the restaurant or bar. In a representative sample (over 100) of smoking and non-smoking sections of these restaurants and bars the concentrations of PM2.5, a marker of SHS concentrations, were measured with a photometer. The venues were divided into 3 groups according to the extent of separation of the sections. Parallel to the measurements, the gender composition and smoking...
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Comparative analysis of factors influencing children's smoking
Tesař, Tomáš ; Pertold, Filip (advisor) ; Princ, Michael (referee)
Smoking of children definitely is a huge social problem, which many governments around the world try to solve. Some of them are successful, other less. This paper focuses on the USA with the very good situation and, on the other hand, on the Czech Republic, where the situation is not so satisfactory. There are many factors that influence if a child smokes or not. And the main aim of this paper is to find the important factors in the both countries. Other aim is to compare significance of the factors' influence in the USA with the ones in the Czech Republic. Statistical description of datasets from NYTS survey in the USA in 2009 and from GYTS surveys in the Czech Republic in 2002 and 2007 show that there are less than 10% of child smokers in the age of 14 in the USA and the situation in the Czech Republic is getting better, although the amount of children who smoke is still three times higher. The influences of the factors are estimated by LPM methods, probit and logit models. American children are more affected by school class explaining danger and by other people who smoke in their presence, while the Czech children are mostly influenced by smokers among their closest friends and their parents.
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Impact of the ETS on human health
Tesař, Tomáš ; Braniš, Martin (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
The aim of this paper is to summarize harmful effects of tobacco smoke on human health, using recent studies of international significance level. It also brings the potential risks which may ETS cause, particularly cardiovascular disease and the effects of passive smoking, but many other diseases associated with indoor pollution caused by tobacco smoke. This work also deals with the chemical and physical composition, indicating the pollutant, the differences of the individual components and the methods by which the smoke exposure is investigated. The aim is to present the frequently discussed issues related to indoor environment and human health, as well as air pollution indoors. Finally, the thesis will outline economic damage and describe the situation and legal standards associated with passive smoking in the Czech Republic.
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Deposition of Titania from Solution by Hybrid Water-Stabilized Plasma Torch
Mušálek, Radek ; Medřický, Jan ; Tesař, Tomáš ; Kotlan, Jiří ; Lukáč, František
Thermal spraying with liquid feedstock presents a novel route for deposition of functional coatings. In this study, possibility of preparation of titania coatings from solution by hybrid water stabilized plasma torch is presented. Coatings were prepared from solution of titanium isopropoxide Ti[OCH(CH3)2]4 in anhydrous ethanol. Fragmentation of feedstock stream in the plasma jet was monitored by shadowgraphy. Deposition was carried out on steel samples mounted to the cooled rotating carousel. Cross-sectional images from SEM microscope showed successful formation of the deposit with dual morphology consisting of fine feather-like features combined with bigger droplets. X-ray diffraction revealed formation of nanometric rutile crystallites.
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Plasma spraying from liquids: plasma liquid interaction and coating build up
Tesař, Tomáš ; Mušálek, Radek ; Medřický, Jan ; Lukáč, František
Plasma spraying from liquid feedstocks is a rapidly developing field of thermal spraying since the coatings prepared from liquids exhibit some unique features, such as high hardness, thermal shock resistance or low thermal and electric conductivity. The key factor influencing the final coating character and properties is the input material which may be in the form of a suspension or a solution. Parameters of the selected suspension (solids concentration, viscosity, surface tension, chemical composition, etc.) or solution (concentration, etc.) determine its interaction with the plasma jet which strongly influences the coating buildup. This proceeding introduces the problematics of the interaction between the liquid feedstock material with the plasma jet and presents the way of evaluation of the coating buildup.
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The description and evaluation of the automation of selected technologies used for milking cattle
Tesař, Tomáš ; Vaculík, Petr (advisor) ; Přikryl, Miroslav (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on automatic and conventional systems of milking cattle and further to compare fully automatic and less automatic milking systems for the cattle. In first chapter are listed basic legal standards, characteristic of milk and description of the basic elements of the milking equipment. In second chapter is described milking equipment, which are used for milking cattle. In third chapter is described milking using technology of milking robot and milking with operator. In last chapter is listed its own evaluation of individual used technologies and technological equipment with respect to the automation of selected activities.
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