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Comparing simultaneous and sequential line-up identification accuracy for a multiple perpetrator crime
Rác, Jaroslav ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Rubínová, Eva (referee)
Eyewitness identification is being researched for many years prior. However, research on eyewitness identifiaction was mostly conducted with crimes that involved only one perpetrator. For this reason, the present thesis focuses on eyewitness identification for a multiple perpetrator crime. The literature review summarises current knowledge regarding each aspect of recognition and tries to bring insight into the problem of recognition for multiple perpetrator crimes. For the empirical part of this thesis, an experiment was conducted, which aimed to compare simultaneous and sequential line-up identification accuracy. The experiment was changed from live to on-line enviroment due to the pandemic situation. The experiment was conducted on 151 young adult participants. Participants viewed a mock crime video recording involving a perpetrator and his accomplice. Participants were then randomly assigned two simultaneous or sequential line-ups and a target-present or target-absent condition. A week after viewing the video recording, each participant tried to identify the perpetrator and the accomplice in the assigned condition. Results indicated no statistically significant difference between simultaneous and sequential line-up identification. Discussion tries to explain possible influence of changing the...
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Psychological aspects of child testimony in the age of 3 to 6 years
Rác, Jaroslav ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
I Abstract Present work focuses on psychological aspects of witness testimony of children in the age of three to six years, which specify means and methods for execution of an effective interview. In the first part the reader is introduced with aspects of vocabulary and grammar development, followed by a chapter about memory skills of preschool children, including the effect of stress on memory coding and recall. The same chapter also contains a part about the perception and understanding of time by a prechooler, which becomes the theoretical foundation for the design of the empirical study. The next chapter focuses on the problem of suggestibility of preschool children from the perspective of the interviewer, as well as the child witness and it's surroundings. Last but not least, the final chapter of the first part of this work brings forth the means and methods of a good interview, which includes a summary and a short review of today's investigative interview protocols. The second part of this work designs an empirical study on the suitability of using a visual time-telling aid during an investigative interview with a child in the age of three to six years. Children in the study would be attending a prechool summer camp, in which they would become witnesses of a disappearance of a camp councelor. They...
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