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Structure, molecular functions and oncogenic potential of suprabasin
Krátký, Marek ; Novák, Josef (advisor) ; Pimková, Kristýna (referee)
Suprabasin is a relatively recently discovered protein, originally studied for its role in the formation of the cornified envelope and keratinocyte differentiation. In recent years, research has focused on the oncogenic potential of suprabasin and its role in various types of diseases (e.g. myelodysplastic syndrome, atopic dermatitis or psoriasis). One of the isoforms of suprabasin has a predicted unique β-solenoid domain in its structure, which is characterized for the first time in this work. In addition to general information about the gene and isoforms of the suprabasin protein, the paper also summarizes important findings about the interaction of suprabasin with proteins of the EGFR/STAT3/Src, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB and AKT signaling pathways. The paper relates these findings to tumor properties to which suprabasin contributes, such as the ability of tumors to metastasize, immunosuppression and angiogenesis. The summary of the findings in this paper raises questions for future research, which undoubtedly holds important information about the structure, function and oncogenic potential of suprabasin. Keyword: Suprabasin, unconventional secretion, oncogenic potential, biomarker, cornified envelope
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Research of epigenetic aspects of hematopoietic and spermatogenesis stem cells.
Hybešová, Michaela ; Pimková, Kristýna (advisor) ; Děd, Lukáš (referee)
Stem cell differentiation is controlled by coordinated regulation of gene transcription. One of the regulatory factors is the loosening of chromatin and the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors. Chromatin remodeling is mediated by remodeling complexes. The ISWI chromatin remodeling ATPase Smarca5 (S5) is an important factor of remodeling complexes. It is a highly conserved chromatin-remodeling factor forming a catalytic subunit that can be found in several oligosubunit complexes. In these complexes, it actively regulates nucleosome structure and remodeling during DNA replication, repair and transcription. S5 has been identified as a key protein in embryonic development. Its deficiency leads to defects in hematopoiesis and male genital development. In the presented study, we focused on the role of S5 in hematopoiesis and spermatogenesis. Using a mouse model with transgenic expression of S5, co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we identified S5 complexes in hematopoietic and testicular cells. We also studied the phenotypic consequences of S5 deficiency in mouse testes and found that it leads to impaired sperm development and male sterility. Using transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, we identified several molecular programs that could lead to reproductive disorders. Our work...
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Selected aspects of redox metabolism in leukemogenesis
Myšáková, Michaela ; Pimková, Kristýna (advisor) ; Kuželová, Kateřina (referee)
Blood cancers are caused by the accumulation of mutations in haematopoietic stem cells. This creates a malignant clone that has a selection advantage due to improved survival and unrestricted proliferation, a process of leukaemia development called leukemogenesis. Leukemogenesis is a complex process and it is difficult to identify a single mutation that is responsible for the transformation of haematopoietic cells. In addition to transcriptional deregulation caused by oncogenic fusion proteins, mutations in specific genes that regulate critical signaling pathways play a critical role in leukemogenesis. Examples of such genes include mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes (mutIDH1/2). These genes are thought to play an important role in the development of leukaemia, as indicated by their increasing frequency in the progression of myelodysplastic syndrome to acute myeloid leukaemia. The functions of mutIDH1/2 include epigenetic regulation, changes in metabolism and redox homeostasis. It has been shown that regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and elimination, so-called redox homeostasis, is important for the proper function of haematopoietic stem cells and its disruption is a frequent phenomenon accompanying malignant transformation of these cells. Some mutations,...
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Proteomic analysis of selected oncohematological diseases
Pimková, Kristýna ; Petrák, Jiří (referee)
Oxidative stress is an important factor in carcinogenesis of oncohematological diseases. However its role in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear. In this study, we have determined the oxidative status and evaluated proteomic changes in plasma of MDS patients as a consequence of oxidative dysbalance (oxidative modifications, protein-protein interaction and complex forming). We measured the levels of total cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyglycine, glutathione, nitrites and nitrates in the plasma from 61 MDS patients and 23 healthy donors using high performance liquid chromatography. Glutathione and nitrites levels reduced significantly while other aminothiols levels increased significantly in plasma of MDS patients. This association with oxidative stress did not correlate with iron overload. We also found enhanced levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in serums of middle aged patients with MDS that correlate to posttranslational modifications of proteins arginyl residues. Furthermore, carbonylated proteins level was significantly elevated in MDS patients compared to healthy donors. Using mass spectrometry, 5 S-nitrosylated blood platelets proteins were identified in plasma and blood platelets of MDS patients and set of 16 plasma proteins with high probability of...
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Proteomic analysis of selected oncohematological diseases
Pimková, Kristýna ; Dyr, Jan (advisor) ; Kodíček, Milan (referee) ; Petrák, Jiří (referee)
Oxidative stress is an important factor in carcinogenesis of oncohematological diseases. However its role in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear. In this study, we have determined the oxidative status and evaluated proteomic changes in plasma of MDS patients as a consequence of oxidative dysbalance (oxidative modifications, protein-protein interaction and complex forming). We measured the levels of total cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyglycine, glutathione, nitrites and nitrates in the plasma from 61 MDS patients and 23 healthy donors using high performance liquid chromatography. Glutathione and nitrites levels reduced significantly while other aminothiols levels increased significantly in plasma of MDS patients. This association with oxidative stress did not correlate with iron overload. We also found enhanced levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in serums of middle aged patients with MDS that correlate to posttranslational modifications of proteins arginyl residues. Furthermore, carbonylated proteins level was significantly elevated in MDS patients compared to healthy donors. Using mass spectrometry, 5 S-nitrosylated blood platelets proteins were identified in plasma and blood platelets of MDS patients and set of 16 plasma proteins with high probability of...
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Proteomic analysis of selected oncohematological diseases
Pimková, Kristýna ; Dyr, Jan (advisor) ; Kodíček, Milan (referee) ; Petrák, Jiří (referee)
Oxidative stress is an important factor in carcinogenesis of oncohematological diseases. However its role in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear. In this study, we have determined the oxidative status and evaluated proteomic changes in plasma of MDS patients as a consequence of oxidative dysbalance (oxidative modifications, protein-protein interaction and complex forming). We measured the levels of total cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyglycine, glutathione, nitrites and nitrates in the plasma from 61 MDS patients and 23 healthy donors using high performance liquid chromatography. Glutathione and nitrites levels reduced significantly while other aminothiols levels increased significantly in plasma of MDS patients. This association with oxidative stress did not correlate with iron overload. We also found enhanced levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in serums of middle aged patients with MDS that correlate to posttranslational modifications of proteins arginyl residues. Furthermore, carbonylated proteins level was significantly elevated in MDS patients compared to healthy donors. Using mass spectrometry, 5 S-nitrosylated blood platelets proteins were identified in plasma and blood platelets of MDS patients and set of 16 plasma proteins with high probability of...
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Proteomic analysis of selected oncohematological diseases
Pimková, Kristýna ; Petrák, Jiří (referee)
Oxidative stress is an important factor in carcinogenesis of oncohematological diseases. However its role in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear. In this study, we have determined the oxidative status and evaluated proteomic changes in plasma of MDS patients as a consequence of oxidative dysbalance (oxidative modifications, protein-protein interaction and complex forming). We measured the levels of total cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyglycine, glutathione, nitrites and nitrates in the plasma from 61 MDS patients and 23 healthy donors using high performance liquid chromatography. Glutathione and nitrites levels reduced significantly while other aminothiols levels increased significantly in plasma of MDS patients. This association with oxidative stress did not correlate with iron overload. We also found enhanced levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in serums of middle aged patients with MDS that correlate to posttranslational modifications of proteins arginyl residues. Furthermore, carbonylated proteins level was significantly elevated in MDS patients compared to healthy donors. Using mass spectrometry, 5 S-nitrosylated blood platelets proteins were identified in plasma and blood platelets of MDS patients and set of 16 plasma proteins with high probability of...
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