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What explains different duration of the Great Recession across countries?
Petrů, Vojtěch ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Michal (referee)
The research concerning differences in duration of the Great Recession is limited and inconclusive. We define duration of crisis as the count of years lost due to the crisis, and estimate the determinants of crisis duration on the dataset of 54 developed and developing countries. This thesis contrasts with previous literature by employing Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to accommodate for the large amount of potential explanatory variables and to address model uncertainty. Moreover, an innovative measure of export competitiveness, which accounts for the changes in non-price factors such as quality, is used. The results bring suggestive evidence of positive impact of developed financial markets, high share of private consumption and improvements in export competitiveness. We also find positive effect of fiscal policy stimulus once it is controlled for the feedback loop of uncertainty which appears when heavily indebted countries finance fiscal stimulus through issuance of additional debt. Lastly, it needs to be concluded, that the results are not robust to all prior specifications. In particular, the more restrictive Beta binomial model prior shrinks the statistical significance of aforementioned results heavily. JEL Classification F12, F21, F23, H25, H71, H87 Keywords Great Recession, Crisis duration, Economic...
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Analysis of nonprice competitiveness: Czech Republic
Petrů, Vojtěch ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
In general discussion, the concept of country's international competitiveness is frequently used for analysing its macroeconomic performance and is usually associated with price competitiveness, often measured by real effective exchange rate. In spite of its usefulness, this indicator has several drawbacks, stemming from its strong assumptions. Using highly disaggregated data from UN Comtrade trade database, a relative export price index which accounts for non-price factors such as changes in the market power and taste or quality is presented and utilized for examination of changes in Czech republic's exports competitiveness between 1998 and 2015 in various product sections and geographical regions. The results show that the appreciation of Czech real effective exchange rate, which occured between 1998 and 2008, was transfered into higher export prices in a very muted form and the improvements in quality of Czech exports were more than capable of compensating for this increase. Major differences in quality growth between individual product sections and exports into different locations are detected. The highest improvements are achieved in products of Machinery, Plastics and rubber, Chemical products, but also Metals.
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Phylogeography of mountain butterfly ??Bicyclus anisops in West Africa
PETRŮ, Vojtěch
The Gulf of Guinea Highlands is a unique mountane range of volcanic origin, situated on the African mainland in the borther of Nigeria and Cameroon, and the Gulf of Guinea islands of Bioko, S?o Tomé and Príncipe. This area is highly unique as the only large mountains in central and western Africa. The high degree of isolation of these mountains generated high degree of endemism of many groups of organisms; the whole region is thus one of the world biodiversity hotspots (known as the West African Forests). Despite its tremnedous conservation importance, this mountain range is under strong anthropogenic influence, as one of the most densely populated areas in tropical Africa. Despite all these factors, the conservation efforts in West Africa focused mainly on lowland areas of rain forests, whilst only few conservation effort is focused to the mountain habitats. As the other result, the lack of comprehensive biogeographic and phytogeographical studies of mountain flora and fauna is obvious. In this work, I have summarized the results of all crucial studies of the biogeography of the Gulf of Guinea Highlands. I also obtained sequences of three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, and ND1) of an endemic montane butterfly Bicyclus anisops. Variability in the studied genes was relatively low. Phylogenetic analyses separated haplotypes into 7 well-established groups (1st Mt. Cameroon, 2nd Nkogam I, 3rd Nkogam II, 4th Bakossi-Kupe-Manengouba-Bani, 5th Mbam, 7th Hosséré Enla Fabo 6th all others localities (tj. Bamenda-Banso Mts., Acha Tugi, Mbam, Ngel Nyaki, Gotel Mts.)) but did not significantly resolved relationships among them. Based on the hyplotype diversity of B. anisops as an umbrella species, Mt. Cameroon, Nkogam, Mbam Massif, Mbiame, Hosséré Enla Fabo, Mt. Manengouba, Mt. Kupe and Mt. Oku are considered as localities of the highest conservation importance.
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Using key of Pythons
PETRŮ, Vojtěch
Pythonidae (pythons) belongs to order Squamata (lizards and snakes) and suborder Serpentes (snakes). Pythonidae live in Africa, Asia, Australia and near islands. Today, they are very popular business article, because they have huge body and atractive colorful designs on theirs skin. For this reason was made this work. Purpose of this work is facilitate distinguish species of Pithonidae. It selectes 21 species, which corresponding with real trade in Czech Republic. For this species was made using key and independent text with Picture. In the and the key has been tested in practice in public and improper ambiguities were removed.
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