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Mapping of distribution of red deer and sika deer hybrids in Czechia using audio recordings - citizen science project
Nečasová, Monika ; Pipek, Pavel (advisor) ; Červený, Jaroslav (referee)
In the Czech Republic, as in other parts of Europe (e.g., British Isles), the native European red deer (Cervus elaphus) has been hybridising with sika deer (C. nippon), which was introduced from East Asia. The hybrids are fertile, and, therefore, can backcross with their parental species and threaten their genetic integrity. Offsprings of such multiple crosses are very difficult to identify according to their morphological traits, while more reliable genetic methods are financially and logistically demanding. This work follows the study of Long et al. from 1998, which showed clear differences in vocalization between red deer, sika deer and the first generation of their hybrids, and thus suggested the third way how to identify hybrids - bioacoustic analysis. We decided to test this method in the Czech Republic in a citizen science project, the aim of which was to map the distribution of parent species and their hybrids using audiorecordings of rut vocalisation. To allow more detailed analysis, we also recorded our own recordings on a professional recording device with a directional microphone. In total, 451 recordings were collected, of which only 263 with a vocalization of 162 individuals were selected for further analysis. Recordings from previous studies from Ireland (Long et al. 1998; Wyman et...
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Mapping of distribution of red deer and sika deer hybrids in Czechia using audio recordings - citizen science project
Nečasová, Monika ; Pipek, Pavel (advisor) ; Červený, Jaroslav (referee)
In the Czech Republic, as in other parts of Europe (e.g., British Isles), the native European red deer (Cervus elaphus) has been hybridising with sika deer (C. nippon), which was introduced from East Asia. The hybrids are fertile, and, therefore, can backcross with their parental species and threaten their genetic integrity. Offsprings of such multiple crosses are very difficult to identify according to their morphological traits, while more reliable genetic methods are financially and logistically demanding. This work follows the study of Long et al. from 1998, which showed clear differences in vocalization between red deer, sika deer and the first generation of their hybrids, and thus suggested the third way how to identify hybrids - bioacoustic analysis. We decided to test this method in the Czech Republic in a citizen science project, the aim of which was to map the distribution of parent species and their hybrids using audiorecordings of rut vocalisation. To allow more detailed analysis, we also recorded our own recordings on a professional recording device with a directional microphone. In total, 451 recordings were collected, of which only 263 with a vocalization of 162 individuals were selected for further analysis. Recordings from previous studies from Ireland (Long et al. 1998; Wyman et...
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Laboratory cycles of schistosomes, breeding of intermediate snail hosts and their ecological requirements
Nečasová, Monika ; Mikeš, Libor (advisor) ; Horák, Petr (referee)
The Schistosomatidae family is an important group of blood flukes, including serious human and livestock animal pathogens. With regard to reproduction, they are gonochoristic parasites. Their life cycle has two stages - asexual reproduction in an intermediary host (fresh water and sea gastropods) and sexual reproduction in the definitive host (mammals and birds). With regard to their pathogenicity at the definitive hosts, the blood fluke life cycle is abundantly maintained in laboratories. To preserve the whole cycle, the intermediary host gastropods are very important, They can include, without limitation, representatives of the Lymnaeidae family. However, their sensitivity to parasitism by blood flukes varies significantly by species. Floats were classified into several genera according to various parameters in the past. The systematics was most frequently based on anatomic and morphological differences. However, the most precise taxonomies are based on molecular data and mutual phylogenetic relationships of Lymnaeidaegastropods remain a subject of research. It is a fresh water family of gastropods with specific ecological and nutritional requirements. Summary information about their ecology estimate that the float gastropods are highly sensitive to the presence of heavy metals in water, such as...
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