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Link between inflammation and cancer
Schierl, Jaroslav ; Poljaková, Jitka (advisor) ; Miarková, Eva (referee)
Chronic inflammation caused by many initiators can lead to a development of a tumor disease. Among these initiators, we found chronic infections as well as other biological, chemical or physical factors which have endogenous and exogenous origins as for example tobacco smoke, alcohol, radiation, obesity and others. The inflammatory response is orchestrated by immune system cells which contribute to a tumorigenesis by producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species which harm cell structures, and by releasing cytokines - important mediators of inflammation - which increase cell proliferation and angiogenesis. But apart from higher risk of tumourigenesis due to chronic inflammation, the immune system cells also participate in tumor microenvironment formation. The main contributors are tumor associated macrophages, dendritic cells and T-cells. Besides other things, the complex tumor microenvironment is characterized by the presence of many inflammation mediators which assist in malignant cell proliferation, tumour progression and metastasis and angiogenesis. This bachelor thesis describes the key protumor and antitumor factors which are also involved in the inflammation process. These factors include proinflammatory cytokines, enzymes and transcription factors. The transcription factor NF-κB plays an...
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Characterization of enzyme reactor with immobilized alkaline phosphatase
Plecitá, Denisa ; Kučerová, Zdenka (advisor) ; Miarková, Eva (referee)
Phosphorylation is one of the most common of all post-translational modifications of proteins and has been found in nearly all cellular processes. Abnormal phosphorylation is associated with many serious human diseases. One of the approaches used for the identification of protein phosphorylation sites is based on the application phosphatases and the comparison of MS analysis of samples before and after the sample treatment with the enzyme. The use of phosphatase immobilized to magnetic carriers is advantageous in comparison with the application of soluble enzyme: e.g. easy manipulation of samples, an increase of enzyme stability and a possibility of repeated use of immobilized enzyme. Investigation of properties of enzyme reactor - bovine alkaline phosphatase from intestinal mucosa immobilized to magnetic particles is a subject of this Bachelor Thesis. The enzyme was coupled to cellulose magnetic particles after activation with divinyl sulfone via the protein free amino groups. p-Nitrophenylphosphate was used as a substrate for the phosphatase activity determination. The effect of different conditions on the activity of soluble and immobilized forms of alkaline phosphatase was compared: the effect of pH and Mg2+ ions, storage stability and thermostability and possibility of repeated use of the...
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