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Influence of social politics on fertility rate in specific regions of Czech republic
Dvořák, Josef ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
Thesis is focused on relationship between fertility rate and tools of state support. The goal is to reveal relationship between these two factors. Partial goal is to discover specific effects of tools of state support in specific regions of Czech republic. I have aimed on research at national level and also specific regions between years 1993-2014. In order to find these relationships I used method that compares differences in development of the fertility rate. After that, I set up regression model solved by method called fixed effects. For specific regions analysis was used OLS method. Model was able to explain more than 80 % of variability. This results can be used for predicting of citizens behavior, when some changes in family allowances occurs. Main finding is, that most motivating tools are parenting allowances and child benefits.
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Analysis of Youth Smoking Behavior
Horvát, David ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This thesis focuses on an explanation of youth smoking on the basis of basic demographic indicators and family background. The analysis also includes behavioral economics concepts: discounting and over-optimism. Data were obtained by original survey. For an analysis of smoking of youth and rate of discounting are used logit models. Impact of factors is interpreted by marginal effects at the mean. One of the most important findings is that adding one more year to father´s education decreases probability of offspring´s smoking from 32 % to 27 % and adding one more year to mother´s education increases probability of offspring´s smoking from 32 % to 38 % ceteris paribus. Improving performance in school decreases probability of youth smoking. Variable smoker is not significant in models explaining discount rate of future free time and health. Thesis confirmed connection of over-optimism and discounting.
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Analysis of religiosity impact on the size of international trade of Visegrad Group countries
Mikolaj, Dávid ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is engaged in the analysis of the impact of religiosity on the quantity of international trade of Visegrad Group countries. The core hypothesis of thesis is the assumption that act of sharing the same religion belief affects the level of trust between business partners and hence the number of traded goods as well due to the same culture, traditions and background. This relationship is examined using a gravity model including religious variables, which is composed of panel data of 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010. The analysis confirms the positive impact of Judaism, Islam and Buddhism, while Jewish culture proved to be the most important of the three. On the contrary, sharing the Catholic belief among trading partners has the negative effect on international trade. Neither Hindu nor Protestant religion plays vital role in business relationship. Further, thesis presents and confirms the significance of the infidels and the index of economic freedom in the issue of exports of the Visegrad Four.
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Is Leonardo DiCaprio good investment?
Kopecký, Daniel ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This thesis researches whether there is an effect of casting Leonardo DiCaprio or other star actors in a film on the revenue of the given film and what the effect is, respectively. The data consists of a sample of 905 films screened between 2005-2015 in the United States of America and Canada. The results estimated by the method of least squares indicate that star actors have a positive influence on revenue. The presence of a financialy successful actor means 12% increase in revenue. On the other hand, Oscar-awarded actors influence revenue to a lesser degree. The hypothesis about Leonardo DiCaprios influence could not be either confirmed or denied. Other factors researched were e.g. budget, ratings, whether there is a sequel or director, among others. The variable with the most positive influence is budget; the existence of a sequel is the second most decisive factor.
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Does economic freedom reduce country's suicide rate?
Fabian, Jakub ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This paper analyses the relationship between economic freedom and suicide rates in the world. Economic freedom in this study is described by two most respected indexes by Heritage Foundation and Fraser Institute, whose impact on suicideness is examined separately. This study uses cross-sectional data from the year 2012. Analysis suggets ambivalent effect of economic freedom on suicideness. Therefore, this paper divides economic freedom to two aspects: Personal economic freedom and business economic freedom. High personal economic freedom lowers the sucidie rate, while business economic freedom can act in the opposite direction and increase the suicide rate.
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The analysis of the impact of the energy performance of a building on rent of the offices in Prague
Dostálová, Jana ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines the impact of the energy performance of a building on rent per m^2 of the offices in Prague. The empirical analysis applies the hedonic price method and works with cross-sectional dataset of 296 observations collected during autumn 2015. The results of a regressive analysis show that the increasing energy consumption of the building has a negative impact on rents. Buildings designated as inefficient, which belong to class D and worse of energy performance of buildings, reach 24,8 % lower rent per m^2 compared to similar buildings, which are labeled with class of energy performance A, B or C. Together with some of the structural qualities of the building and the given office space's location characteristics, the energy performance of a building is one of the main determinants of the Prague offices rent levels.
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Air pollution and mortality in population of the Czech Republic
Lubas, Matouš ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This paper investigates the effects of air pollution represented by particulate matter concentration (PM10) on annual mortality and on annual hospital admission rate in 54 Czech districts and Prague. Two regression models for identifying the effects of long-term air pollution exposure on mortality and on hospital admissions were estimated using ordinary least squares method with cross-sectional data for 2011. Average PM10 concentration between 2004 and 2011 is used as the air pollution variable. The control variables are indicators of the district's socioeconomic status (serving as proxies for the population's health behavior) or indicators of healthcare accessibility. The model estimates indicate that air pollution is responsible for 6.5 % of all deaths and for 10 % of all hospital admissions in the observed districts. Another model was used to identify the association between annual mortality and air pollution in the concurrent and the previous year. The model was estimated using fixed effects method on panel data for 2004-11. However, the model failed to provide credible estimates, because the trend in mortality was not properly controlled for.
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Analysis of influences determining approval of financing
Salačová, Kateřina ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
The thesis quantifies the influences of individual indicators with the help of logit models on the probability of financial request rejection, where financing is understood as financial leasing or business credit. The data used that were provided by the UniCredit Leasing CZ, a.s. are for the year 2012. The models of financial leasing as well as business credits are assembled identically and provide a very similar accuracy of estimation. Both models confirm the main hypothesis of the piece, meaning that negative EBITDA influences the rejection of financial request. In case of financial leasing, negative EBITDA from year 2010 increases the probability of request refusal by 10,16 % on average and negative EBIDITA from year 2011 on the average by 9,95 %. The increase of request refusal probability for a business credit of a company with negative EBITDA from year 2010 is 43,03 % on average and from year 2011 21,52 % on average.
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The analysis of relationship between unemployment and property crime
Fabová, Lucia ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
Paper examines the relationship between unemployment and property crime activity. The analysis is conducted by the method of fixed effects on panel data for 14 regions of the Czech Republic. I use quarterly data from the first quarter of 2007 to the third quarter of 2013. The influence of unemployment is examined on models for 7 different property crimes: robberies, burglaries into shops, flats, houses, weekend cottages, pickpocketing and pilfering cars. After estimation the econometric model results show a positive effect of unemployment on burglaries to houses. Other monitored property crimes have not proven to be statistically significant.
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Ekonomická analýza loudness war
Vilím, Tomáš ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis determines whether the loudness war phenomenon has an effect on the success of individual songs on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Presented theoretical part introduces this rather technical problem to economists, an insight is provided into the distribution chain of music recordings as well as into the decision-making of consumers. The key factors determining the chart position are identified following the research of existing theory and are used to create an ordinary least squares model designed to answer the question mentioned above. Results of this model falsify the hypothesis that higher level of dynamic range compression leads to a better chart position. The loudness war is identified as a market failure.
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