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Design of ecological heating of a family house
Kořínek, Vladimír ; Máca, Josef (referee) ; Jandová, Kristýna (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the design of ecological heating for a family house. The main objective is to find the most advantageous variant of the heating and water heating system using a heat pump in cooperation with an alternative heating system. Thermal losses are calculated for the selected object, and several heating designs are made based on the calculations. Then the economic return of the designs is calculated.
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Morphological and genetical variability of Chydorus sphaericus (Crustacea, Cladocera) depending on the environment
Matušková, Ludmila ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Kořínek, Vladimír (referee)
Úvod 5 ABSTRACT Genus Chydorus or more specifically the species of Chydorus sphaericus represents an extremely tolerant freshwater organism, which occurs in littoral zone of almost all kinds of aquatic habitats all over the world. It is usually associated with submerged macrophytes or substrate and also plays a key role in food webs of both vertebrate (fish) and invertebrate predators. Not only is this species in most localities the most common chydorid, but it is quite often the most common filtering cladoceran. Moreover, due to its little morphological variation most small globular representatives of the genus Chydorus were in the past all incorrectly ascribed to Chydorus sphaericus. However, thanks to more detailed studies it was suggested that so called species Chydorus sphaericus was not in fact a single taxonomic entity, but a group of several closely related species. It is clear today that for correct taxonomic desision it is necessary to combine all ecological, morphological, and genetic methods. The aim of this study was to explore genetical and morphological variation in populations of Chyrodis sphaericus from localities representing different sets of environmental factors. Four model localities were chosen: eutrophic ponds, temporary pools, mountain lakes and waterbodies affected by mining...
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Role of Smarca5 (Snf2h) chromation remodeling ATPase in hematopoitic development and erythropoiesis
Kokavec, Juraj ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Divoký, Vladimír (referee) ; Kořínek, Vladimír (referee)
The Imitation Switch (ISWI) nuclear ATPase Smarca5 (Snf2h) is one of the most conserved chromatin remodeling factors. It exists in a variety of oligosubunit complexes that move DNA with respect to the histone octamer to generate regularly spaced nucleosomal arrays. Smarca5 interacts with different accessory proteins and represents a molecular motor for DNA replication, repair and transcription. We deleted Smarca5 at the onset of definitive hematopoiesis (Vav1-iCre) and observed that animals die during late fetal development due to anemia. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) accumulated but their maturation towards erythroid and myeloid lineages was inhibited. Proerythroblasts were dysplastic while basophilic erythroblasts were blocked in G2/M and depleted. Smarca5 deficiency led to increased p53 levels, its activation at two residues, one associated with DNA damage (S-18) second with CBP/p300 (K376Ac), and finally activation of the p53 targets. We also deleted Smarca5 in committed erythroid cells (Epor-iCre) and observed that animals were anemic postnatally. Furthermore, 4- OHT-mediated deletion of Smarca5 in the ex vivo cultures confirmed its requirement for erythroid cell proliferation. Thus, Smarca5 plays indispensable roles during early hematopoiesis and erythropoiesis.
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Regulatory mechanisms of WNT signalling
Pospíchalová, Vendula ; Kořínek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Trka, Jan (referee) ; Bryja, Josef (referee)
AB T mu hom dise β sign mu liga stab tran sign T the focu disc cate of t cell targ the inte con sec I sign BSTRACT The Wnt si lticellular o meostasis. A eases, most β-catenin is nalling). In ltiprotein c ands when t bilized and nscription f nalling is tig This thesis knowledge uses on seq cusses the enin signall the Wnt pa ls of intest geted mous thesis des eraction wit nditional Hi retory cell t In conclusi nalling path T ignalling pa organisms Accordingly notably can s a central m n unstimula complex and they engage d transloca factors and ghtly regula is based on e of the reg quential po positive ro ling outcom athway whic tinal epithe e strains th scribes unp th members ic1 deletion types and en ion, our fin hway in dev athway is o ensuring s y, mutations ncer. mediator of ated cells d degraded e their recep tes to the to drive th ated at vario n four origin gulation of sttranslation ole of nucle me. The third ch reduces lium. Final at enable st ublished da s of the Wn n in the inte nhanced tum ndings contr velopment an one of the m successful s in the pat f canonical W β-catenin d in the pro ptors, degrad nucleus t he transcrip ous levels b nal articles f the Wnt s nal process ear protein d study repo the levels o lly, the las tudying the ata on the nt pathway, estinal epith mourigenesi ributed to t...
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Tumour Suppressor HIC1 - a novel inhibitor of Wnt Signalling
Pospíchalová, Vendula ; Kořínek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Filipp, Dominik (referee)
1. ABSTRACT In all metazoan organisms Wnt ligands regulate various developmental and physiological processes during embryogenesis and also in adult tissues. Moreover, deregulation in Wnt-related signalling is associated with several human disorders including cancer. In the so-called canonical pathway, activation of the Wnt receptor complex Frizzled/LRP triggers a complex network of molecular events that ultimately lead to the stabilization of β-catenin and formation of TCF/β- catenin heterodimers in the nucleus. These protein complexes drive expression of a specific set of genes that control the cell fate decision. The Wnt pathway is tightly regulated by several mostly negative feedback loops involving scores of extracellular, cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins. Recently, we have identified tumour suppressor Hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) as a negative modulator of canonical Wnt signalling. The HIC1 gene encodes a BTB/POZ-zinc finger transcriptional repressor. Interestingly, the HIC1-dependent repression of the TCF/β-catenin- dependent genes is not mediated by direct association of HIC1 with the regulatory regions of the Wnt-responsive genes but rather by a sequestration of TCF/β-catenin complexes to the nuclear speckle-like structures - the HIC bodies. These data indicate quite a pleiotropic role of HIC1...
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Molecular mechanisms and components controlling the Wnt signaling pathway output
Krausová, Michaela ; Kořínek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Drbal, Karel (referee) ; Bryja, Vítězslav (referee)
Beyond its essential roles in embryonic development, the Wnt-mediated signal transduction cascade is critically implicated in homeostasis of adult tissues. In the gastrointestinal epithelium, the threshold of active Wnt signaling is kept in a physiological range by a spectrum of regulatory networks and loops, thereby balancing the opposing processes of cell fate determination, proliferation and stem cell self-renewal. Furthermore, compelling evidence undoubtedly link an aberrant Wnt activity to the onset of bowel cancer. Understanding the principle causes and effects secondary to excessive Wnt signaling can provide valuable insights into the pathology of the malignant transformation of the colorectum. The proposed thesis attempts to focus on novel modes of the Wnt pathway modulation; both general and context-specific nuances of the Wnt level adjustment are thereby delineated. The results are presented in three distinct research publications and one review article. The first study examines the contribution of the distinct post-translational modifications, which the Wnt proteins undergo, to their proper processing, secretion and signaling activity. First, we investigated the sequential order and mutual interdependence of cysteine and serine-linked fatty acylation and N-linked glycosylation of murine...
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The role of transcription factors PU.1 a GATA-1 during leukemia differentiation.
Burda, Pavel ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kořínek, Vladimír (referee) ; Machová Poláková, Kateřina (referee)
Hematopoiesis is coordinated by a complex regulatory network of transcription factors among them PU.1 (Spi1, Sfpi1) and GATA-1 represent key molecules. GATA-1 and PU.1 bind each other on DNA to block each others transcriptional programs to prevent development of undesired lineage during hematopoietic commitment. Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, transformed erythroid precursors that are blocked from completing the late stages of erythroid differentiation, co-express GATA-1 and PU.1 and as my and others data document, are able to respond to molecular removal (down-regulation) of PU.1 or addition (up-regulation) of GATA-1 by inducing terminal erythroid differentiation. We provide novel evidence that downregulation of GATA-1 or upregulation of PU.1 induces incompletely differentiation into cell cycle arrested monocytic-like cells. Furthermore, PU.1- dependent transcriptome is negatively regulated by GATA-1 in MEL cells, including CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa) and Core-binding factor, beta subunit (Cbfb) that encode additional key hematopoietic transcription factors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays identified PU.1 motif sequences near Cebpa and Cbfb that are co-occupied by PU.1 and GATA-1 in the leukemic blasts. Furthermore, transcriptional regulation of these loci by...
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