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X-ray micro and nano computed tomography of soft tissue
Kavková, Michaela ; Tromba, Giuliana (referee) ; Szabo-Rogers, Heather (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Abstrakt Průmyslová rentgenová počítačová mikro tomografie (mikro CT) je nedestruktivní zobrazovací technika používaná pro vizualizaci vnitřních struktur vzorků a tvorbu přesných 3D modelů. Jádro této práce se zaměřuje na praktickou implementaci průmyslového mikro CT v oblasti biologického výzkumu se zaměřením na zobrazování měkkých tkání. Cílem této práce bylo prozkoumat potenciál mikro CT zobrazování jako nedestruktivní metody pro vizualizaci měkkých tkání a navrhnout komplexní metodiku pro přípravu vzorků a analýzu získaných dat ve specializovaných programech. Na příkladu případových studií jsou prezentovány aplikace mikro CT zobrazování v různorodých oblastech výzkumu vývojové biologie, poskytující metodologii pro přesnou 3D analýzu vybraných struktur. V závěru práce je diskutován potenciál zobrazování průmyslovým mikro CT v biologickém výzkumu, zaměřeným na schopnosti identifikovat anatomické struktury, sledovat vývojové procesy a zlepšit naše chápání komplexních biologických systémů.
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Interakce v rhizosféře erikoidně mykorhizních rostlin
Vohník, Martin ; Vosátka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Cudlín, Pavel (referee) ; Kavková, Miloslava (referee)
This doctonl dissertation focuses on selected intemctions, which take place in the rhizosphere of ericoid myconhial (ErM) plmts' These include (i) interactions betwren ErM fungi and dark scptate endophýic (DsE) fungi; (ii) intenctions among ericaceous plmts md ErM and EcM fungi, and fungi with yet unresolved myconhial status; (iii) int€nctions among ErM and DSE fungi md soil testate ammbae' Main findings achieved in the frame ofthe doctoral dissertation are: Ericoid mycorrhlza rnd DsE-association simultaneously occur in roots of 8ll screened European Rhotlotkrulron species across the continent. However, their proportlons differ depending mainly on htitude. DsE.coloniation is negrtiv€|y corr€lsted with ErM colonization in roots of rl| screned rbododendrons. DsE fungi form intmcellu|ar structuÍes, which moÍphologicr||y resemble ericoid mycorrhizs. Colonization witb selected DSE stmins has neutral to negative influence on the groMh of ericaceous plants in vitro, whereas th€ eff€ct of the t}?ica| ErM fungus Rhizoscyphus ericae is neutml to positive. Effects of both types of fungi on the grosth of host plrnts are correlated with the |eve| of ErM rnd DsE co|onization. ErM fungi crn r|teÍ the negrtive effect of DSE fungi when presnt in the same root system in vitro. ErM frlngus Oidiodendron n aius...
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Daseinsanalysis of Heideggers
Kavková, Monika ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The diploma thesis tries to outline the daseinsanalysis as such, so that the readers can be better understood. I describe the basic terms that are necessary for daseinsanalysis and without which it would not be understandable to a wider audience. In the first chapters I deal with the history of daseinsanalysis, where the reader is also acquainted with the names associated with this discipline. Then I describe the development in Czech republic and its principles. As the daseinsanalysis is linked to psychology, I do not forget this aspect and the connection with psychotherapy. I devote my phenomenology to the chapter itself, as it is essential for the daseinanalysis to be deepened. I am writing about the principles, development and essence of this philosophical discipline. In the following chapters, I then deal with the interpretation of the time that has been and still is the essence and basic pillar of daseinsanalysis. I describe it from the point of view of Heidegger and also from the philosophical point of view. I also explain concepts such as temporality and succession for better orientation in time. In my work I also distinguish cyclic and linear time and familiarize them with it and its essence. The following chapters are devoted to Martin Heidegger himself. I try to interpret his attitudes, philosophy...
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Interakce v rhizosféře erikoidně mykorhizních rostlin
Vohník, Martin ; Vosátka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Cudlín, Pavel (referee) ; Kavková, Miloslava (referee)
This doctonl dissertation focuses on selected intemctions, which take place in the rhizosphere of ericoid myconhial (ErM) plmts' These include (i) interactions betwren ErM fungi and dark scptate endophýic (DsE) fungi; (ii) intenctions among ericaceous plmts md ErM and EcM fungi, and fungi with yet unresolved myconhial status; (iii) int€nctions among ErM and DSE fungi md soil testate ammbae' Main findings achieved in the frame ofthe doctoral dissertation are: Ericoid mycorrhlza rnd DsE-association simultaneously occur in roots of 8ll screened European Rhotlotkrulron species across the continent. However, their proportlons differ depending mainly on htitude. DsE.coloniation is negrtiv€|y corr€lsted with ErM colonization in roots of rl| screned rbododendrons. DsE fungi form intmcellu|ar structuÍes, which moÍphologicr||y resemble ericoid mycorrhizs. Colonization witb selected DSE stmins has neutral to negative influence on the groMh of ericaceous plants in vitro, whereas th€ eff€ct of the t}?ica| ErM fungus Rhizoscyphus ericae is neutml to positive. Effects of both types of fungi on the grosth of host plrnts are correlated with the |eve| of ErM rnd DsE co|onization. ErM fungi crn r|teÍ the negrtive effect of DSE fungi when presnt in the same root system in vitro. ErM frlngus Oidiodendron n aius...
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Mechanism of complex tooth shape development in reptiles
Landová, Marie ; Zahradníček, Oldřich ; Dosedělová, Hana ; Kavková, M. ; Zikmund, T. ; Buchtová, Marcela
Tooth shape formation in mammals is well known proces thanks to the broad studies on the mouse molars. The main role in regulation of this proces plays the enamel knot. Enamel knots are formed by cluster of cells, which serves as a source of numerous signalling molecules such as SHH or members of WNT, BMP and FGF families. Almost all our knowledge about teeth came from study on the mouse model. For better understanding of odontogenesis, it is however necessary to compare developmental processes to another species. One of the most heterogenic group of dentition type and shape are reptiles. How the shape of their teeth completed is still unknown. Aim of our study is therefore to uncover developmental processes involved in cusp formation in non-mammalian species with focus on reptiles. As model species for this study, we selected chameleons where multicuspis teeth develop in the caudal area of the jaw.
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