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Enthesis and Enthesopathy
Ševčík, Vladislav ; Katolický, Jakub (advisor) ; Machač, Stanislav (referee)
Background: Enthesopathies affect entheses, highly specialized connetive tissue, connecting tendon to bone. Enthesis and adjacent structures form a functional unit. It is prone to degenerative and inflammatory tissue damage caused by enthesis overuse or diffuse inflammatory disease. Methods: First task is to compose a current narrative review concerning enthesopathies with emphasis on disease etiology and efficacious therapies without focusing on a specific pathology. Thorough description of enthesis and its functions is included. Second task is to complete one detailed case study of a patient suffering from enthesopathy affecting a medial epicondyle of humerus. Results: A narrative review has been completed attempting to offer a more comprehensive perspective on entheses and related pathologies. One patient has been selected and treated for pathology of a medial epikondyle of humerus. Namely eccentric contraction exercises, radial pressure wave modality, and motion patterns modification were used to affect the lesion. The patient has improved rapidly and significantly. Conclusions: Not enough up-to-date information about ethesopathies and respective treatment options is available in Czech publications. There are still some inefficient therapies being currently used, and there is a lack of...
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Incidence of microtrauma in the Achilles tendon compared in athletic runners and swimmers using diagnostic ultrasonography
Novotný, Aleš ; Routner, Petr (advisor) ; Katolický, Jakub (referee)
9 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The Achilles tendon is the tendon with the most volume in the human body. It is capable of handling enormous loads, though it can be damaged with overuse. Overloading the Achilles tendon can lead to microtrauma, which can cause the development of Achilles tendinopathy. Diagnostic ultrasonography is used to investigate the incidence of microtrauma of the Achilles Tendon in runners and swimmers and whether there is any kind of correlation between their occurrence and training intensity. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the presence of microtrauma in the Achilles tendon in a group of runners and swimmers using diagnostic ultrasonography. In addition to the observation of microtrauma, this study focuses on finding other Achilles tendon pathologies from overuse in runners and swimmers. This study seeks to increase awareness of the potential of using diagnostic ultrasonography in physiotherapy practice. METHODS: A total of 20 subjects (13 women and 7 men, mean age 22.6 ± 1.16 years) participated in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10 swimmers and 10 runners each. Data collection was carried out at a private outpatient clinic at ALAFIA- RHB s.r.o. located in Parník Policlinic in Černý Most, Prague. The methodology for obtaining the personal data and sports...
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Conscious muscle activation in distal direction based on Vojta's principle and its effect on the power of the upper extremity
Pihera, Jan ; Katolický, Jakub (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on examining the effects of an exercise protocol on upper limb performance. Exercise protocol was based on the principle of voluntary muscle activation in the distal direction. The theoretical part sets out the theoretical basis necessary to place the approach in the phylogenetic, anatomical and kinesiological context. The study develops a view of the motor mechanism contained in our neuromotor system and is nevertheless very little taken into account in modern physiotherapy. The main aim of the study was to determine the relevance of the effect, in terms of upper limb performance, in the short-term application of an exercise protocol based on the mechanism of voluntary muscle activation in the distal direction. Methods: A total of 20 patients who met the study requirements were enrolled in the study, with only 17 of them (mean age 24.6; SD ± 1.6) completing the entire program and therefore the results of only these probands were evaluated. They were randomly divided into two groups in a 1: 1 ratio. Group A performed assignments in the form of a five-minute exercise protocol based on the mechanism of distal muscle activation on a daily basis, and an identical exercise plan with the opposite direction of commands was presented to group B. As part of the measured factors...
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Changes in foot arch form in hemodialysis patients
Havrda, Prokop ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Katolický, Jakub (referee)
Chronic renal failure and dialysis treatment affect the musculoskeletal system and functional capacity patients. This work assesses the effect with a focus on changes in the structure and function of the foot. The theoretical part deals with the issue of chronic renal failure and dialysis treatment. It presents evidence of the influence of some internal diseases on the foot, in order to better understand the changes taking place in the examined probands. It describes pathological changes, that affect functional capacity of the examined probands. The practical part assesses the effect of chronic renal failure and dialysis treatment on the height of longitudinal foot arch, gait stereotype and postural stability of 30 patients from the dialysis center Fresenius Medical Care - DS, s.r.o. and FN Motol.
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The Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Treatment of Achilles Tendinopathy
Katolický, Jakub ; Machač, Stanislav (advisor) ; Novák, Jakub (referee)
Diplomová práce Účinky rázové vlny v léčbě tendinopatie Achillovy šlachy 1 Abstract This thesis focuses on the observation of the effects of low-energetic focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy. The theoretical part summarizes the current knowledge of anatomical, histological, kinesiological and biomechanical aspects of Achilles tendon (AT), as well as pathological processes, which can be described as Achilles tendinopathy, their differential diagnosis and treatment options. Last but not least, we present up-to-date information on the physical principles and biological effects of ESWT, not only in the treatment of AT diseases. The main goal of our research was to determine the effectiveness of low-energetic focused ESWT in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy in comparison to the placebo group. The subject of observation was not only changes in clinical manifestations, but also possible changes in the morphology of AT using ultrasonography (USG). Methods: A total of 20 patients with symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy was included in the study, while only 18 of them completed the entire program, and therefore only the results of these patients were evaluated. They were randomly divided into two groups in 1:1 ratio. Group A was treated by ESWT with...
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