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Postmodern Philosophy and its Influence in Russia
Karela, Jan ; Krámský, David (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
The first part of this thesis describes the development of philosophy in Russia up to the so- called diamat, that is, to the period of Lenin's philosophy of dialectical materialism. In the second part it is described postmodern issues in contemporary Western thought, including the contexts in historical development. The last part deals first with the general features of Russian postmodern thought. Next part of the last chapter deals in more detail with the thought of M. N. Epstein and his view of the development and state of postmodern thought in Russia. Russian thought was marked by a long isolation from Western thought. In an effort to quickly catch up with the West, features of messianism are emerging. Russia is convinced that the West will quickly catch up and has the potential to overtake the West and become the thought leader of Europe. Said leads to the acceptance of the idea of communism and the subsequent further isolation of Russia. Nevertheless, in 1991 is rapidly coming to terms with postmodern thinking. M. N. Epstein concludes from this that there are identical features in communist ideology with postmodern thought, and therefore it was postmodernism in Russia much earlier than in Europe. KEYWORDS Ideology, information explosion, communism, postmodern thought, freedom, Russia, the West.
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Views of secondary school students on ideal teacher
Štuková, Karolína ; Mazáčová, Nataša (advisor) ; Karela, Jan (referee)
The thesis entitled "The Ideal Teacher from the Perspective of Secondary School Students" is divided into two parts - a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter focuses on the personality of the teacher. It describes some typologies of teacher's personality, different stages of the teaching profession, selected factors that influence teacher's personality. The second chapter focuses on interaction and communication in teaching. Within this chapter, the author also discusses teacher authority and classroom climate. The other chapters of the thesis focus on the role of the teacher, the workload associated with the profession, and the topic of professional competence and teacher professionalism. The last chapter of the theoretical part of the thesis departs from the teacher to the pupils. In the case of the surveyed respondents, these are pupils in the period of adolescence. In the second, empirical part, the thesis summarises the findings of qualitative research conducted among secondary school pupils in the form of semi-structured interviews. The aim of this research work is to find out how students view the idea of an ideal teacher. What they value most in teachers, what is important to them in teachers and, on the contrary, what...
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The Word as a Consciousness and a Nothing or the World as a Will and an Idea? The comparison of the Concept of Will by Ladislav Klima and Arthur Schopenhauer.
Karela, Jan ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
This thesis deals with the philosophy of will of Arthur Schopenhauer in comparison with the philosophy of will of Ladislav Klíma. The first part of the thesis describes the philosophy of Schopenhauer, including the sentence of reason. The second part describes the philosophy of Klíma and compares the two schools of thought of the compared philosophers. In addition to the theme of will itself, the themes of personal will, free will, will as a principle, will to power, will to life, will to pleasure are also opened and described. The thesis also describes the relationship of will and life, the question of suicide, as a possibility of defying the will. The thesis also deals with Ladislav Klíma's solipsism in the context of the will and eastern philosophy, namely upanishads. The topic of the divinity of Ladislav Klíma and the question of the whole are also mentioned.
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