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Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp.
Křesinová, Zdena ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp. Zdena Křesinová Geosmithia species are little known fungal symbionts of bark beetles. Secondary metabolites from lilac colored species G. lavendula (strain MK 1008) and nine other Geosmithia species were investigated in order to elucidate their structures and quantify their production during submerged cultivation. Five hydroxylated anthraquinones (HAs) were isolated from culture media during submerged cultivation of the fungi and three of them were identified using NMR and MS techniques as 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone; 2), and 1-acetyl-2,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyanthraquinone (3). Preparation, quantification and identification of HAs in fungal samples involved a SPE step, semi-preparative HPLC/UV and UPLC/UV methods. For optimization of analytical methods, separation qualities of two types of reversed phase sub-2-micron particle sized columns and one 5-micron particle sized column were tested. The most efficient Sheild RP C18 column filled with 1.7 µm particles was then used for quantification of HAs production during the cultivation period. Calibration curves for metabolites 2 and 3 (representing the majority of produced metabolites) were determined in...
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Fungal Biodegradation of Endocrine Disruptors
Křesinová, Zdena ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Macek, Tomáš (referee) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
This dissertation thesis contains scientific results attained in the field of bioremediation. The major part of the results has been published in international journals in 7 papers. In addition, relevant yet unpublished results have been included too. The first thematic part describes the screening of the degradation ability of white rot fungi (WRF). In the screening, several endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDs; bisphenol A, triclosan, 4-nonylphenol and 17α-ethinylestradiol) were degraded by 8 different fungal strains in the presence of liquid medium. The most promising strains were used for the degradation of an ED mixture (synthetic and natural estrogens) in the presence of a straw substrate. Attention was paid to the evaluation of stimulation or suppression of enzyme activities during the biodegradation processes and changes in residual estrogenic activity. Pleurotus ostreatus, Irpex lacteus and Trametes versicolor showed the highest degradation ability under both cultivation conditions. On the contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to date the most studied representative of white rot fungi, did not degrade bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) at all. Two review articles have been published to summarize the origin, presence and biodegradation of EDs, mainly EE2, in the environment. The...
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Fungal Biodegradation of Endocrine Disruptors
Křesinová, Zdena ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Macek, Tomáš (referee) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
This dissertation thesis contains scientific results attained in the field of bioremediation. The major part of the results has been published in international journals in 7 papers. In addition, relevant yet unpublished results have been included too. The first thematic part describes the screening of the degradation ability of white rot fungi (WRF). In the screening, several endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDs; bisphenol A, triclosan, 4-nonylphenol and 17α-ethinylestradiol) were degraded by 8 different fungal strains in the presence of liquid medium. The most promising strains were used for the degradation of an ED mixture (synthetic and natural estrogens) in the presence of a straw substrate. Attention was paid to the evaluation of stimulation or suppression of enzyme activities during the biodegradation processes and changes in residual estrogenic activity. Pleurotus ostreatus, Irpex lacteus and Trametes versicolor showed the highest degradation ability under both cultivation conditions. On the contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to date the most studied representative of white rot fungi, did not degrade bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) at all. Two review articles have been published to summarize the origin, presence and biodegradation of EDs, mainly EE2, in the environment. The...
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Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp.
Křesinová, Zdena ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp. Zdena Křesinová Geosmithia species are little known fungal symbionts of bark beetles. Secondary metabolites from lilac colored species G. lavendula (strain MK 1008) and nine other Geosmithia species were investigated in order to elucidate their structures and quantify their production during submerged cultivation. Five hydroxylated anthraquinones (HAs) were isolated from culture media during submerged cultivation of the fungi and three of them were identified using NMR and MS techniques as 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone; 2), and 1-acetyl-2,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyanthraquinone (3). Preparation, quantification and identification of HAs in fungal samples involved a SPE step, semi-preparative HPLC/UV and UPLC/UV methods. For optimization of analytical methods, separation qualities of two types of reversed phase sub-2-micron particle sized columns and one 5-micron particle sized column were tested. The most efficient Sheild RP C18 column filled with 1.7 µm particles was then used for quantification of HAs production during the cultivation period. Calibration curves for metabolites 2 and 3 (representing the majority of produced metabolites) were determined in...
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BATCH BIOREACTORS: WASTE WATER ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR BIODEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI
Křesinová, Zdena ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are members of a broad class of environmental organopollutants which are present in the environment. Due to the widespread presence in the surface water and wastewater, and their negative endocrine disrupting activity even at very low concentration, these EDs have received an increased attention in water quality management and health care. EDs encompass a variety of substances, including mammalian hormones (estrogens, androgens) and anthropogenic chemicals
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