|
|
Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level
Kácovský, Petr ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bochníček, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
Title: Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level Author: Petr Kácovský Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Drozd, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This doctoral thesis is aimed at chosen aspects of teaching of thermodynamics on high school. The thesis can be divided into two main parts: The research part deals with investigation of typical students' conceptual difficulties in the field of thermal phenomena and its primary goal is to identify the most distinctive misconceptions of observed population. More than 500 students were questioned using a conceptual test both as pretest and posttest; approximately half of them also participated in the retention test which took part two years after pretest. The results of the conceptual test are connected with data obtained on the basis of the simultaneously conducted research of students' attitudes. The developmental part of the thesis - partly inspired by previous misconception research - deals with arranging, documentation and testing of experiments relevant to teaching of thermodynamics. In total, 46 experiments were arranged, students-tested and published in the electronic Collection of Physics Experiments. These experiments are primarily intended for teachers as inspiration...
|
|
|
Experiments in Mechanics for Future Physics Teachers
Urban, Martin ; Dvořák, Leoš (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to select and verify experiments with simple aids for utilization in the Mechanics or Theoretical Mechanics lecture for future physics teachers. We deal with a selected area of experiments, which is body rolling. In particular, rolling balls at an inclined slat of an L-profile and in the groove between two rails, the distance of which being adjustable. For these cases, the acceleration of the balls is derived in several different ways, both by neglecting the rolling resistance and by including the rolling resistance. In the experiments, the movement of the balls was recorded on video and analysed using the Tracker program. The accelerations of the balls obtained from the processed measurements are compared with the theoretical results. It is shown that with small inclinations of the inclined plane (which is suitable for the demonstrations because the moment of the balls is more visible), it is necessary to take into account the effect of the rolling resistance.
|
|
|
Measurements of the constant of gravitation in the physics lectures at MFF UK
Žilavá, Kateřina ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Cavendish's gravitational torsion balance has been part of the T2 lecture hall at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, for more than 25 years. During the last reconstruction of the auditorium in 2015, it was completely dismantled and partly damaged. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to put it back into operation and also to perform the necessary measurements to determine the changed geometric parameters of the auditorium and other test measurements. Part of this work is also the commissioning of commercially available portable gravity torsion balance (which is part of the Interactive Physics Laboratory) from TEL-Atomic with an electronic reading of the angle of rotation of the rocker arm. Sample measurements were performed on both of these scales. Selected physical laws, measurement methods, and experience gained in working with these devices are described.
|
|
|
Analysis of saccadic eye movements during students' graph interpretation
Klosse, Patricie ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Cílem této práce je analýza sakádických pohybů při řešení fyzikálních úloh s grafy. Analyzovali jsme data z řešení 6 úloh 23 účastníky. Ze směrů sakád u jednotlivých úloh jsme vytvořili histogramy, a v nichž jsme srovnali špatně a správně řešící. Také jsme zkoumali průměrnou délku sakád a zda, popřípadě kolikrát se pohled vrátí do stejného místa bezprostředně po jeho opuštění. Porovnávali jsme sakády správně a špatně řešících účastníků. Zjistili jsme, že výsledky velmi závisí na konkrétní úloze. Vzhledem k výsled- kům a malému vzorku účastníků není možné potvrdit souvislost mezi vlastnostmi sakád a správností řešení úlohy. 1
|
|
| |
|
|
Bohr Model of Atom
Hřebík, Lukáš ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Title: Bohr Model of Atom Author: Lukáš Hřebík Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Zdeňka Koupilová, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on the Bohr model of atom from 1913. In addition to this model, the models that preceded it, especially the Thomson model and the Rutherford model, are also briefly discussed. In the case of the Rutherford model, the stability calculation of the atom thus described is given. There are the original derivations from historical articles that will help readers understand the development of the Bohr model. The whole thesis is set in a physical-historical context. Both the physical phenomena that this model helped to clarify and those that it could not explain are mentioned here. The aim of the work is to acquaint the reader with the overall "life" of the Bohr model, from its inception through its development to its abandonment. Keywords: model of atoms, Bohr model of atom, study text
|
|
|
Experimental sets for teaching physics of microworld on secondary school level
Popek, Tomáš ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
The focus of this thesis was to find and evaluate the information resources available to teachers, in the context of creating or conducting demonstrational and student experiments in the Physics of the Microworld at high school. Another goal of the thesis was the creation of four sets of aids for experiments from various areas of microworld physics taught at the high school level. These sets contain instructions for teachers and worksheets for pupils. Another goal was to make the sets portable, which all four met. Part of this work is a description of the created experimental sets, worksheets for pupils and texts for teachers. The experimental sets will be stored on the premises of the Department of Physics Education and will be available for loan to teachers for teaching purposes.
|
|
|
Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level
Kácovský, Petr ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor)
Title: Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level Author: Petr Kácovský Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Drozd, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This doctoral thesis is aimed at chosen aspects of teaching of thermodynamics on high school. The thesis can be divided into two main parts: The research part deals with investigation of typical students' conceptual difficulties in the field of thermal phenomena and its primary goal is to identify the most distinctive misconceptions of observed population. More than 500 students were questioned using a conceptual test both as pretest and posttest; approximately half of them also participated in the retention test which took part two years after pretest. The results of the conceptual test are connected with data obtained on the basis of the simultaneously conducted research of students' attitudes. The developmental part of the thesis - partly inspired by previous misconception research - deals with arranging, documentation and testing of experiments relevant to teaching of thermodynamics. In total, 46 experiments were arranged, students-tested and published in the electronic Collection of Physics Experiments. These experiments are primarily intended for teachers as inspiration...
|
|
|
Teaching-learning activities from thermal physics at different school levels
Kopřiva, Tomáš ; Koudelková, Věra (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Title: Teaching-learning activities from thermal physics at different school levels Author: Tomáš Kopřiva Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Věra Koudelková, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on demonstrating how the pupils' understanding of concepts from thermal physics develops over their studies at primary schools and secondary schools at three levels. Laboratory work materials for pupils are also available for each concept and experiments are demonstrated on videos. Keywords: thermal physics, experiments, Framework Educational Programmes
|
|
|
Different levels of inquiry in physics experiments
Fürstová, Tereza ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Koudelková, Věra (referee)
The thesis is focused on four levels of the Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE). The first chapter describes IBSE in detail and also highlights the studies focused on the efficiency of IBSE. Pendulum and hydrostatic pressure experiments worksheets were created on the four levels of IBSE. A questionnaire reflecting some aspects of students' personalities were created and students were split into groups according to their answers. Another questionnaire about experiments and understanding of the physical phenomena was created. The central theme of this thesis focuses on the students' activities while they were working on the created worksheets. First year students from high school experimented following the created worksheets and they were recorded on the video during their work. We used codes to describe and differentiate the activities in the videos and we studied their distribution afterwards. From the recordings we then obtained information about the students' activities during experimentation at different levels of IBSE.
|
guest ::
