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Ampicillin-Resistant β-lactamase-negative Haemophilus Influenzae Strains Isolated in the Czech Republic in 2010-2018
Jakubů, Vladislav
According to the results of regular surveillance of resistance of bacterial pathogens of respiratory tract infections, the number of Haemophilus influenzae strains with non-enzymatic resistance to -lactam antibiotics is increasing in the Czech Republic. Non-enzymatic resistance is caused by mutations in the ftsI gene encoding penicillin-binding protein (PBP3), which result in a reduced ability to bind -lactam antibiotics. Demonstration of this type of resistance is more difficult than detection of -lactamase, which is still the most common cause of aminopenicillin resistance in H. influenzae. Analysis of a set of 228 H. influenzae strains revealed that the highest possible detection (99.5%) of isolates with non-enzymatic resistance due to mutations in the ftsI gene could be achieved in routine practice by simultaneous examination of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin and cefuroxime disc diffusion method according to the EUCAST methodology. The currently recommended EUCAST method using only penicillin had a lower mutation detection rate of 95.7%. Sequence analysis showed considerable variability in ftsI gene mutations. In the set of 228 strains, a total of 37 different combinations of amino acid substitutions were found to occur at 23 positions in the PBP3 protein (V329I, D350N, S357N, A368T, M377I, S385T,...
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Ampicillin-Resistant β-lactamase-negative Haemophilus Influenzae Strains Isolated in the Czech Republic in 2010-2018
Jakubů, Vladislav ; Žemličková, Helena (advisor) ; Růžička, Filip (referee) ; Nyč, Otakar (referee)
Ampicillin-resistant β-lactamase- negative Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in the Czech Republic in 2010-2018 According to the results of regular surveillance of resistance of bacterial pathogens of respiratory tract infections, the number of Haemophilus influenzae strains with non-enzymatic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is increasing in the Czech Republic. Non-enzymatic resistance is caused by mutations in the ftsI gene encoding penicillin-binding protein (PBP3), which result in a reduced ability to bind β-lactam antibiotics. Demonstration of this type of resistance is more difficult than detection of β-lactamase, which is still the most common cause of aminopenicillin resistance in H. influenzae. Analysis of a set of 228 H. influenzae strains revealed that the highest possible capture (99.5%) of isolates with non-enzymatic resistance due to mutations in the ftsI gene can be achieved in routine practice by simultaneous examination of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin and cefuroxime disc diffusion method according to the EUCAST methodology. The currently recommended EUCAST method using only penicillin had a lower mutation detection rate of 95.7%. Sequence analysis showed considerable variability in ftsI gene mutations. In the set of 228 strains, a total of 37 different combinations of amino...
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Metody odhadu potenciálního produktu a produkční mezery aplikované na země Visegrádské čtyřky
Jakubů, Vladislav
The aim of the thesis was the application of robust econometric methods to find the potential product and to determine the production gap of individual Visegrad countries. In total, four estimation techniques were used to find the potential product, namely the Hodrick Prescott filter, the Cobb Douglas production function, the CES production function, and the Kalman filter. The data base of the investigated variable then came from the OECD database and covered the 1995:1 to 2017:4 and 1996 to 2018 years respectively. All the results obtained were then compared both with each other and the estimates published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the European Commission.
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