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Intercultural Phenomenology of Photographing
Gurjanov, Filip ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Coriando, Paola Ludovica (referee) ; Tani, Toru (referee)
English In this dissertation I thematise the act of photographing with a special emphasis on the seeing, which constitutes this act. In order to cast a light on this subject, I refer to the early philosophy of Martin Heidegger as well as to the Japanese philosopher Kitarō Nishida. Having Heidegger's 'Pragmatism' and 'Apriorism' as my point of departure, I first develop a hypothesis of a tension be- tween the passivity and the activity of photographic vision. On the one hand, photographers depend on already existing entities and contexts, in which entities appear to us 'first and foremost'; on the other hand, photographers possess an 'a priori knowledge' regarding framing, which helps them to activate photographic vision in the right moment and under the right circumstances. Alongside the idea of a modification of sight from a practical interest (,Umsicht!) to the theoretical one (,Hinse- hen'), I also discuss photographic seeing with reference to Heidegger's idea of the phenomenologi- cal reduction. Before photographers use their cameras to prepare for the actual shot, they modify their understanding of the being of the encountered entities, i. e. they perform a phenomenological- photographic reduction. The first part of the dissertation ends with the inclusion of the theme of au- thenticity,...
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The Self and Nothingness. From Stirner to Nishitani
Gurjanov, Filip ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Joisten, Karen (referee)
This thesis consist of two parts: the first is dedicated to a German philosopher of the first half of 19th century, Max Stirner; the second deals with a Japanese philosopher of 20th century, Keiji Nishitani. Both parts focus on the relation between self and nothingness. The argumentation, which revolves around the negativity of the self, will be developed from each author's specific point of departure. In Stirner's case, this means presenting his theory of egoism, whereas in Nishitani, his conception of the self in the field of absolute nothingness. Furthermore, the self is determined more precisely through Stirner's specific conception of epoché and in Nishitani's metaphor of the person as mask of absolute nothingness. The role of enjoyment will further be discussed as the positive side of the negativity of self in Stirner, which results in his theory of intercourse between individuals. The first part ends with this discussion. In Nishitani, the specific logic of the self, which is born out of bringing together Buddhist ideas with western philosophical terminology, will further be presented. The second part ends with Nishitani's presentation of the meeting between two persons from the depth of emptiness. Key words: self, nothingness, egoism, spirit, epoché, enjoyment, intercourse, union, religion,...
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