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The effect of behavioral irregularity on the attribution of agency to inanimate objects
Janíková, Martina ; Bečev, Ondřej (advisor) ; Havlíček, Jan (referee)
Agency is the capacity of an entity to act independently in a world. Many previous studies have demonstrated that inanimate objects without human or animal traits are under some circumstances perceived as having features of animate objects and can elicit attribution of mental states like motivation, emotion or intention. There are three main types of cues that evoke attribution of agency: morphological cues (head, face, biomechanical movement), behavioral cues (self-propelled movement, goal-directedness, changes in speed or direction, unpredictability, principle of rational (efficient) action) and communicative cues (interaction). In the current study we focused on examinaton of behavioral irregularity and its role in eliciting agency attribution to simple geometric figures. The aim of this study was to verify whether behavioral irregularity can lead to attribution of agency to irregular object. Two studies were designed to test this possibility. In Study A participants (N=20) watched a sequence of priming videoclips displaying four moving geometric shapes. In every trial one object was automatically selected and participans were asked to evaluate its movement on a seven-point scale. Six attributes related to attribution of agency (animacy, goal-directedness, freedom, dynamism, rationality and...
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Correlation of personality traits with gait and dance movement using data produced by Motion Capture technology.
Rynešová, Magdalena ; Lindová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bečev, Ondřej (referee)
ABSTRACT. This research is following Ecological Theory about the ability of humans to form impressions from observing the behavior of other people. The current study examined whether personality traits were related to the way in which people walked and moved to certain music. Twenty-one young females were asked to walk and to move to slow and fast music and to dance with a partner. Their movements were tracked with a MOCAP system which can produce coordinates of points on a moving body. A number of different measurements of body movement were produced and analyzed. Participants also completed the Big Five personality inventory. A number of trends were found in relationships between personality traits and gait and dance movement. Extroversion had the biggest influence. It was related to bigger and faster movements, especially with movements of head, hands, shoulders, hips or footstep. Openness to experience tended to have similar influence as extroversion. Neuroticism influenced slow dance the most. Agreeableness and conscientiousness had both positive and negative influence to a lesser extent. They influenced especially movements of hands, hips or footstep.
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The use of cognitive aspects of human in design and promotion of commercial website
Chramosta, Adam ; Smutný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bečev, Ondřej (referee)
Bachelor thesis follows up the utilization of cognitive aspects of human in relation to the design and component allocation of commercial websites. The aim is to explain the various terms and introduce research methods, and these methods then practically use for designing web pages. In the theoretical section are explained the basic terms and their relevant disciplines with their imaging methods. With more details is described by eye -tracking for its simplicity and usability is essential for this thesis. In the last chapter of the theoretical part is described the characteristics of a website. This chapter also lists the relevant international studies which are related to the topic of this work. The practical part contains eye-tracking study on selected website verifying its appearance. In the experiment are given research questions dealing with an accuracy component placement website, the procedure of the experiment and subsequently described the outcome and evaluation research questions. In conclusion, the proposed changes are discussed based on the experiment, leading to a better layout design elements of the website, which will have positive impacts in terms of promotion, especially the use of website as a landing page.
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Brain-Computer Interface Epoc Emotiv and its Potential Commercial Applications
Vencelides, David ; Bečev, Ondřej (advisor) ; Smutný, Zdeněk (referee)
This work is focused on Brain Computer Interface. Specifically, the device EPOC Emotiv. The first part focuses on the introduction to the topic Brain Computer Interface. Definition of terms, a brief history and ways to measure brain activity. The second part deals with specific BCI products that are available on the consumer market open for sale at a price accessible to the ordinary customer. The third part focuses on the specific BCI product EPOC Emotiv In this part the device is introduced and is being examined. This work deals with what are the device capabilities and limitations. Attention is also given to applications that use it. And at the end there is some theoretical proposal for meditation application in which could be EPOC Emotiv further use.
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Extra Sensory Perception as an information channel
Bečev, Ondřej ; Pstružina, Karel (advisor) ; Havel, Ivan (referee)
The presented thesis deals with examing of telepathy, "extrasensory perception" and anomalous cognition phenomenons. In the first part of the thesis, theoretical background of problem is presented, particularly in historical, terminological and metodological sense. This part involves viewing of this discipline from "classic science" perspective and also deals with confrontation with contemporary scientific (especially physical) paradigms. Evaluation of cognitive and information theory aspects of "extra sensory communication" and related criticism of current terminology and paradigm are also included in this part. Second part of thesis is devoted to my experiment conducted on VŠE as a practical part of my thesis. The experiment was a replication of Multimodal Ganzfeld Experiment (Pütz et al., 2007) aimed to revalidate it's results and extend our knowledge about this anomalous phenomena. Experimental method, comparable works and design of my variant of experiment are presented here, as well as validating methodology and results. As a part of conclusion, results' interpretation, possible criticism and also discussion about alternative interpretations are provided. Third part of a work shortly presents AutoGanzfeld WebApp software, deisgned, implemented and used for purpose of data collection in my experiment. Keywords: telepathy, ESP, psi, extrasensory perception, ganzfeld, anomalous cognition, communication, information
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Symbol and his role in human and artificial cogitation
Bečev, Ondřej ; Bruckner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sigmund, Tomáš (referee)
The paper deals with a topic of symbols, and their role in process of thinking both of humans and artificial systems. Main objectives are: looking into problems of symbols and symbolizing, role of symbols in perception, and relationship between language, symbols, signs and artificial (formal) inference. Gains of this work is a complex survey to the semiotics and symbols, examination of perception, and defining of some basic problems in the topic of perception. In it's first chapter, there are an detailed comparison and examination of existing semiotics' theories, and theories of symbols commonly. Second chapter is devoted to the subject of perception, and possible role of symbols in this process. Third (and last) chapter deals with question of thinking, especially that of artificial systems, compared to human.
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