|
Compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants and the influence of elicitation on them
Jančová, Nikola ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on study of compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants. Terpenic compounds are volatile hydrocarbons formed by several isoprenoid units with low molecular weight which cause the typical smell of plants. Presence of these compounds cause that plants seem to be fungicidal, bactericidal and insecticidal. Due to these properties, they can be used as botanical pesticides which are not toxic and no resistant organisms occur. Each plant contains relatively low concentrations of these compounds and therefore elicitors must be used for the increasing of terpenes amount. Elicitors activate defensive mechanisms in the plant leading to higher defense abilities and production of secondary metabolites. The identification and quantification of analytes was determined by gas chromatography in connection with mass spectrometry.
|
|
Comparison of rapid development frameworks Nette(PHP) and Grails(Groovy)
Frank, Jiří ; Pavlíčková, Jarmila (advisor) ; Oraný, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis aims on comparison of rapid development frameworks Nette and Grails. Main objective of this paper is achieved by brief description of both languages (PHP, Groovy) and frameworks. Next is defined relatively complex set of criteria for comparison itself. Frameworks are then compared based on this set. Last part is development of the identical application on both platforms, thanks to which the practicle comparison may be done. The main contribution of this work is in comprehensive comparison of platforms Nette (PHP) and Grails (Groovy), which may be used for making decision about which platform to take for a development of new application. Comparision of course may serve like an information about that what developer should keep an eye on, what can make life easier or harder especially in contrast with that what offers concurent platform.
|
|
Physiology and ecology of saprotrophic basidiomycetes degrading dead plant biomass
Valášková, Vendula
My thesis is focused on soil saprotrophic basidiomycetes, their role in the decomposition of dead plant biomass and interactions with other members of microbial community since these fungi play a particularly important role in biotransformation of soil organic matter and therefore also in the cycling of carbon and mineral nutrients. Three litter-decomposing basidiomycetes isolated from Quercus petraea forest: Hypholoma fasciculare, Rhodocollybia butyracea and Gymnopus sp., efficiently degraded oak litter under both sterile and nonsterile conditions, but the rate of degradation and lignocellulolytic enzyme production considerably differed among isolates. Generally, the degradation caused by these isolates resembled decay caused by white-rot fungi. The fungi produced a broad range of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes: laccase, Mn- peroxidase, endo-1,4-β glucanase, endo-1,4-β xylanase, β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase. Saprotrophic basidiomycetes thus probably contribute to the observed spatial variability in extracellular enzyme activities in the upper soil horizon in oak forest. Spatial differences in enzyme activities were accompanied by differences in the microbial community composition, the relative amount of fungal biomass decreased with soil depth. The vertical gradients in soil occured at a small...
|
|
EU Operations as an Instrument of the Common Security and Defence Policy
Nechanická, Barbora ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Sršeň, Radim (referee)
The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) noted a relatively fast progress during its eleven-year existence. Its main task is to deploy operations abroad. This bachelor thesis analyses their development emphasising the civilian operations. After the introductory general characteristic of CSDP the thesis deals with the tasks of the operations, military and civilian capabilities development and with the institutional framework including the changes brought about by the Lisbon Treaty. The practical aspects are examined by the case study of the police operations Proxima and EUPAT in Macedonia. Despite several shortcomings they can be evaluated as successful. The thesis argues that civilian operations are for the CSDP at least of the same importance as the military ones. Not only are they more numerous but also their ambitions are growing. The EU has become an important security actor, also owing to the civilian operations.
|
|
Macroscopic gravity
Kašpar, Petr ; Žofka, Martin (referee) ; Svítek, Otakar (advisor)
Due to the nonlinearity of the Einstein equations it is possible to obtain modified equations of the general relativity (with application in cosmology) just by averaging. One of the first covariant approaches to this problem is the theory of Macroscopic Gravity. Next proposed possibility is to first characterize spacetime by the Cartan scalars and then to proceed averaging procedure.
|
|
The structure of Yuriy Andrukhovych's novels
Sevruk, Alexej ; Morávková, Alena (referee) ; Chlaňová, Tereza (advisor)
The world of Yuri Andrukhovych's novels shows considerable internal cohesion through common places, appearing in all his novels. These places create a system, which became the subject of the thesis. The author updates the pre- novel literary genres, which implies the plot of initiation novel scheme. The characters of Andrukhovych's novels meet the requirement of so-called " initiation triangle", which, combined with the theatricality and carnivality of characters, gives Andrukhovych's postmodern novels intersemiotic dimension. Carnival is a fundamental issue of Andrukhovych's development and attracts the meanings relative to this cultural phenomenon. Carnivality also reflects post-modern practices of textual creation, such as metatextuality and intertextuality of literary work. References to other texts put Andrukhovych's works in the context of analogous historical literary practices and genres. The text amalgam imitates the varied and ambiguous picture of the world. A central topological theme in Andrukhovych's novels is the city. The author accentuates the importance of the city as a cultural and culture-creating factor. The author works with individual places with a typical irony of his and, with the help of the postmodern key, he challenges some of the meanings attached thereto. On a more general...
|
|
The youth subcultures, the lifestyle and the value system of their sympathizers
VOŘÍŠKOVÁ, Barbora
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the issue of youth subcultures, lifestyle and value beliefs of young people that move around these groups and are considered to be representatives or their sympathizers. The topic is currently popular in the concept that these subcultures in the Czech Republic have been relatively little charted. There are no systematic studies to comprehensively analyze the lifestyle or social value orientation of its supporters. Therefore I would like to focus on these aspects in this thesis. The starting point for the theoretical part of the thesis is to define key concepts in the context of the issue. Further I will characterize adolescence as a specific developmental period, describe the lifestyle and value system of youth, schools dealing with the youth and at the end of the theoretical part I will describe selected youth subcultures with greater emphasis, and those of them that are the basis for the practical part of this work. The content of the practical part will be ten semi-structured interviews I will lead with the representatives of selected youth subcultures. It will therefore be a qualitative research, which in my opinion will be better suited to this topic because as it allows a deeper insight into the issue. Youth subculture that I chose are hooligans, metal fans, skaters, meatheads, and players of computer games. The research specimen I interviewed are ten probands - two of each subculture - that I got to know through acquaintances from their surroundings and through communication on social networks.
|
|
Molecular characterization of selected strains of amoebae of the genus Naegleria, the potential human parasites.
ZÍTKOVÁ, Klára
The genus Naegleria is a eukaryotic organism, one of those we can call "amoeba" a general name of creatures changing their shape during their locomotion. Amoebae comprise a huge number of various different genera some of which contain species able to infect humans similar to Naegleria fowleri. Two important exaples are the genera Acanthamoeba and Entamoeba, causative agents of acanthamoeba keratitis or diarrhoea, respectively, and other serious symptoms. Although superficially similar, they are not close relatives of Naegleria: they belong to Amoebozoa, whereas Naegleria is a Heterolobosea. The most important species of this speciose genus is the amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Is is the only Naegleria which is a human pathogen. After infection, it causes primary amoebic meningoecephalitis. The invasive stage of Naegleria is an amoebic trophozoite. Under certain circumstances, it can transform in another form, the flagellate bearing undullipodia. When the conditions worsen, it changes in the resistant cyst stage. Major part of my work is related to Naegleria fowleri and primary amebic meningoencephalitis, which causes human (PAM). They clarify here the source of infection and risk factors for assault. The length of incubation period and the first appearance of symptoms. The next chapter concerns the mechanism of intrusion into the body, how can this infection properly diagnose and detect and also a treatment option, resulting in early detection of symptoms. Possibilities prevention and epidemiology, including presentation of biggest epidemic, that happened in the Czech Republic. In the practical part of this thesis summarize my own study and methods used, as well as the results and their interpretation. The aim of the experimental part was the analysis of Naegleria DNA maintained in the collection of the laboratory of fish pathogens. To reach my goal and test the hypotheses of this thesis, I identified the Naegleria isolates. The final phylogenetic analysis was enriched with samples sequenced earlier, but so far not analyzed in any previous work. The first step in the workflow was the DNA isolation. The next one was to PCR amplify and sequence the ITS sequences to confirm they belong to Naegeria species, and to analyze the sequences phylogeneticaly and identify the species. The obtained sequences were edited in BioEdit software, program ClustalX was used to align them. The phylogenetic trees were computed in PAUP. Sequencing was provided by Seqme company. During the interpretation of the phylogenetic trees, I found which species were present in studied samples. They were as follows: two samples were N. americana, twelve others N. canariensis, three were N. dobsoni and there were also N. pagei and N. tihangensis one sample each. Several samples (GERK, MSED4, ALM1A, 62K4 and GG1BV) were different from any known species and it is therefore possible to consider them new, undescribed species. On the basis of this fact we can confirm the hypothesis nr. two: the species diversity is understudied and the recognition of new species probable. The data seem to support hypothesis 3: in a given locality, a single dominant species becomes dominant. In some localities, however, we could not fully exclude the opposing hypothesis 4.
|
|
Raně středověké hradiště v Libici nad Cidlinou, velké nebo malé zázemí?
Mařík, Jan
This paper makes an attempt to quantify the demands of the agglomeration of early medieval castle in Libice on agricultural production and timber resources. The basis of the estimates is population size calculated according to the results of archaeological excavations of burial grounds. Spatial models have been produced showing the maximum, middle and minimum territory needed to supply the agglomeration requirements. None of these models is meant as a reconstruction of a past reality, but as an attempt to define the limits of further thinking about the economy of Early Medieval centres. The maximalist model could go as far as 4.2 km behind the fortification. The models have shown that requirements on arable land and cereal production could be satisfied in the vicinity of the agglomeration. Timber resources and the timber consumption were relatively balanced with no need for transport of timber from further away.
|
|
Vitality in the architectonic environment
Eyer, David ; Horáček, Martin (referee) ; Hudec, Mojmír (referee) ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Žabičková, Ivana (advisor)
More and more research studies are being conducted on the quality of architectural space as a factor affecting our mental, social and physical health. In the past, this topic was often overlooked in its complexity. The establishment of the specialized fields of building biology, biophilic architecture and the works of Christopher Alexander and Nikos Salingaros now allow us to consider various facets of this subject. This dissertation aims to analyse the topic of vitality in architectural space by studying the abilities and perceptions of its users. Therefore its aim is not to develop a new theory of “vitality-enhancing architectural space”, but to describe how this phenomenon is perceived by the users themselves. Users can provide feedback on which features of architectural space they see as the most important for the feeling of vitality. These features have been hierarchically organized based on their perceived importance, analysed and described in detail to allow their relatively easy application in practice. This dissertation will also allow a comparison with other existing works on the studied topic.
|
guest ::
