|
Role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly.
VRZALOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.
|
|
Consumption of fiber in old age
ŠÁLEK, Jan
The theme of this bachelor thesis is the Consumption of fiber in the old age (seniors). Formerly, the dietary fiber was considered unnecessarily burdensome for human organism. Later, it was found that it has a relatively large impact on human health, especially by serving as a prebiotic for symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. There is still prevailing opinion that roughage divides into a soluble and insoluble, despite that some types of fiber cannot be definitely classified and placed into any of these groups because they have characteristics of both of them. The daily recommended dose is 30 g. The qualitative research was used for elaboration of the practical part. The first goal was to find out how much fiber seniors consume. The second aim was to compare the consumption of fiber among elderly people living alone and the elderly living in retirement homes built for them. The research group, at the first research question, consists of 20 seniors from the Southern Region aged over 65 years. The research group, at the second research question, consists of five retirement homes from the whole Czech Republic. All respondents were given a record sheet for one week, and instructions on how to fill it. Acquired menus were subsequently re-calculated through the program "Nutriservis Professional". The results show higher consumption of fiber than the average in the Czech Republic, but there is still almost a half missing to get the recommended daily dose. There was observed BMI and its impact on the consumption of fiber. No significant effect was found, because overweight had all interviewees except one respondent. The financial limit is visible for evaluated diet of homes for the elderly, therefore, there are no whole grain products, vegetables and almost no fruit. Despite these limitations, the average consumption of fiber is almost equal to elderly people living alone. In conclusion, there is a proposition how to, despite the low funds, increase the intake of roughage, and avoid or, at least, reduce the problems associated with its low consumption. Recommendations for respondents are individual and given under each evaluation.
|
|
Role of physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity
VRTALOVÁ, Jana
The thesis deals with physical activity in the prevention of childhood obesity. It is focused on children, namely pupils of the eighth and ninith grades of elementary school. Obesity is responsible for more human lives than both of the world wars and if we want this epidemic of obesity and problems associated with inactivity minimized, we have to start where it is most efficient and that is with children. The main objective is to explore physical activity in a selected group of pupils. Partial aim is to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the investigated group of students using somatometric measurements in the selected location. Another objective is to determine how many of childrens parents did sports in the past or actualy do sports. The final goal is to prepare educational material for students about the importance of physical activity. The work is divided into two parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part was compiled as a secondary data analysis. Sources of data and information originated from the Czech Republic and abroad in the form of scholarly books, journals and electronic resources. The contents of the theoretical part is focused on explenation of terms such as obesity, its consequences, complications, ways to prevent obesity, physical activity, appropriate kinds of physical activity and its effects on the human body. Distinctive part is the chapter dealing with the myths of obesity some of them are really surprising. The second part is practical part and includes its own research. The investigation was conducted in a primary school Komenského alej in Žatec for pupils of the eighth and ninth grades. File featured 107 pupils. The research was conducted as a quantitative survey complemented by measurements of somatometric indicators. The data were collected using a custom non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 14 questions and two columns separated by line for recording the exact weight and height. We checked these data at pre-agreed periods.
|
|
The trends in the development of drug experiments of the youth in the South Bohemia region and the perspectives on the prevention implemented by the Police of the Czech Republic
BALOUNOVÁ, Jitka
The topic of the bachelor thesis is "Trends in the Development of Drug Experiment sof Youth in the Region of South Bohemia and Views of the Prevention Programmes Run by the Police of the Czech Republic". The theoretical part describes the most important terms relating to this issue, history, and characteristics of various druha, and attention is also paid to the issue of drug experiments , thein cause and prevalence in the population of youth. The theoretical part also describes preventive activities, thein differentiation, policy and strategy in this spere, activities of schoul prevention officers and the related creation of a minimum preventive programme. The objektive of the first section of the practical part is to compare the data obtained from the questionnaire survey with the results of the national survey, while the sekond section analyse the programmes prepared, offered and run by the Police of the Czech Republic within the scope of its preventive activities in the region.
|
|
Economic competitiveness of Germany
Novák, Ondřej ; Toth, Daniel (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis focused on the issue of competitiveness in current globalized world. It is focused on national and regional competitiveness in one of the most developed countries in the world, which is the Federal Republic of Germany.
In the first part of this thesis are defined basic concepts of globalization, competitiveness in the corporate, regional and national levels, as well as possibilities for their evaluation.
In the next section is explored national economic competitiveness of Germany. Starting with economic characteristics of the Federal Republic of Germany, along with economic characteristics other selected countries, Norway and the Czech Republic. With which is Germany currently compared in the evaluation of competitiveness. Countries are compared in all of the 12 pillars of competitiveness evaluation, which is conducted by the World Economic Forum. Based on these results, are the relative and absolute changes in evaluation of the competitiveness of Germany between 2010-2011 and 2014-2015, further identified.
In the final part of this diploma thesis are presented characteristics of the 16 federal states of Germany. Subsequently, by solving the problem of multi-criteria decision-determined, are all of the federal states of Germany lined up by level of their competitiveness. The final output is the territorial division of the Federal Republic of Germany based on various levels of regional competitiveness.
|
|
Impact of environmental factors on the game clashes with motor vehicles on the road in North Moravia
Hubálková, Petra ; Šmíd, Petr (advisor) ; Vykouk, Martin (referee)
The topic of this Bachalor work is the analysis, prevention and possible precautions of collisions of motor vehicles with animals. The work covers Moravskoslezký region. The statistic data from that region are analysed and particular precautions are suggested. The data were obtained from the Czech republic police, the Czech Statistical Office and Generali Inc. assurance company. The work offers a survey of effects resulting in these collisions, such as season of a year, time of a day, weather etc. As part of the work a questionaire survey was carried out in which I focused especially on the driver´s awareness of the problem and their knowledge of what to do in a critical situation. Accompanying the work is also a suggested preventive feature in the form of a propagation materials.
|
|
Content of succrose in authentic honey from Czech Republic
Mrázková, Iveta ; Titěra, Dalibor (advisor)
The work is focused on the analysis of data on sugar composition of honey coming from beekeepers in the Czech Republic. The database includes a number of years and several hundred locations. The aim is to test the hypothesis that sucrose content in honeys vary in individual years in connection with the course of the weather, especially the sufficiency or deficiency of rainfall, so that in rare cases it can even unadulterated honeys sucrose content exceed the limit specified standard.
It will formulate recommendations for action at the findings of the high sucrose content of genuine honeys to prevent unauthorized punishment.
|
|
Constitutional rights for a favorable environment and it´s enforcement in modern Czech Republic
Tauchmanová, Renata ; Kadlecová, Eva (advisor) ; Uhlík, Milan (referee)
The thesis provides the most comprehensive summary of the legal protection
of the environment in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the justice and it is application in the Czech judiciary. Especially in regards to laws on the protection
of the right to a favourable environment within the Constitution of the Czech Republic,
I have tried to concentrate on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, as to the court, whose decisions are very crucial for the interpretation and further application of the law
to the favourable environment in the practice.
The goal of my thesis is to show the evolution of the legal / legislative environment
in the Czech Republic and to approach the practice of the international law, especially european law in the field of the environmental protection. The thesis outlines available trial impalements, which uses the czech judiciary in the field of the law for a favourable envi-ronment and also represents the rights and obligations of the czech citizens related to this topic.
|
|
The local Agenda 21 (within the Czech republic)
DOUPOVCOVÁ, Eva
The work deals with issues of sustainable development and the programme of local Agenda 21 in general overview and in specific conditions of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part concentrates on documents, institutions and principles of sustainable development and also on general information about local Agenda 21. It defines the term 'sustainable development' and its basic pillars as well as standards of local Agenda 21. The practical part analyses and subsequently evaluates and compares selected indicator of sustainable development. On the grounds of results two localities in South Bohemia are individually compared. The integral parts of the work are the attachments for additional information.
|
|
Winter Density of House Sparrow in Different types of Rural Settlements along the Czech – Austria Border
Oberpfalzerová, Michaela ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Šmejdová, Lucie (referee)
From the point of view of the Czech Republic in the last 80 years we can specify two periods, which had a significant impact on the general character and development in agriculture. The first period can be traced to the 50s of the last century, in which the concentration of agricultural production headed towards to factory farming. The second one began at the beginning of the 90s. At that time a sharp downtown of animal production occurred and the sooner concentrated production began, after the regaining by previous owners, to erode into what it is today private agriculture.
This thesis aims tocontribute to a confirmation of rejection of the hypothesis that the above described changes have a negative impact on the selected avian species. These species are represented by significantsynanthropic birds: house sparrow (which is a crucial representative in this thesis), tree sparrow and collared dove. Thirty municipalities were chosen to emphasize the differences in quantity of these species, half of them located on each side of the border with the Czech Republic and Austria. The comparison of quantities of bird populations took place in the surroundings of the cities Znojmo and Retz.In this thesis the Republic of Austria acts as a country which has not been burdened by a substantial economic development and which has applied the continuous market economy since the end of the Second World War.
In the individual squares the numbers of the representatives of the studied species and the environmental characteristics were recorded during the winter period. The significant differences in the numbers of birds at selected locations were demonstrated using a multifactor ANOVA STATISTICA 12. Moreover, the impact of selected environmental variables on the abundance of observed species was also analysed. It was found that the selected species depend on an inclusion into the individual states as well as on a classification into various biotope types. Finally, the dependence on the area of trees and bushes, the proportion of new buildings and the presence of poultry in the square were also observed. The most numerous species in the Republic of Austria was the house sparrow, the most abundant species in the Czech Republic was the collared dove. A slight increase in the occurrence of the collared dove was recorded in both states. Tree sparrow as a species occurred in relatively large numbers, but only locally. It was found that the populationsof the above mentioned species were generally more numerous in the Austrian municipalities. An interesting fact is that most of the observed individuals in the Czech Republic occurred in village built-up areas rather than in agricultural premises, as it was initially estimated.
|
guest ::
