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Computer simulation in plasma physics
SOUKUP, Vojtěch
This thesis is in the form of a background research. It contains pictures, schemes and colored graphs. The aim is to chart basic findings in the area of progress in computer physics and the posibility of their subsequent usage or the simulation of real problems in plasma physics. The component of my thesis is a comparison of particular accesses in the course of plasma simulation.
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Pokročilé techniky optických mikromanipulací
Zemánek, Pavel ; Čižmár, Tomáš ; Šiler, Martin ; Jákl, Petr ; Šerý, Mojmír ; Karásek, Vítězslav ; Brzobohatý, Oto
Nowadays the classical tool of optical micro-manipulations - optical tweezers - found numerous applications in physics, biology and chemistry. However new techniques were developed that used more sophisticated laser beam tailoring and enable to modify positions and number of manipulated objects dynamically, to sort optically objects according to their properties, to deliver them over millimetre long distances or even to let them self-organize after light illumination. We present several results dealing with the above mentioned advanced techniques developed in our laboratory.
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Thermal Effects in Physics and Dynamics of Small Bodies of the Solar System
Čapek, David
Thermal Effects in Physics and Dynamics of Small Bodies of the Solar System Abstract of the Ph.D. thesis \s David Capek It has been shown, that the thermal effects are very important in the dynamics of small Solar System bodies. A phenomenon which is known as the Yarkovsky effect is able to secularly change the semimajor axis of an orbit, while the YORP effect affects the rotation state of a body. The Yarkovsky effect and the YORP effect were previously calculated with many constraining assumptions like spherical shapes of asteroids, circular orbits, small variations of the surface temperature, principal axis rotation, constant thermal parameters, etc. We developed a sophisticated numerical model of the Yarkovsky/YORP effect without such simplifications. With this model, we have been able to describe the shape, the orbit, the rotation and the thermal behaviour of an asteroid in a very precise way. The YORP effect was studied on a sample of artificially generated shapes, roughly resembling Main Belt asteroids, and also on several shapes of real asteroids. The depen- dence of YORP on the obliquity and the thermal parameters of the surface were studied (Vokrouhlicky and Capek, 2002; Capek and Vokrouhlicky, 2004). A wide variety of pos- sible YORP evolution paths of the spin state was found. The possibility of...
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Příběh Georga Placzka (Nová fakta o jeho pozoruhodném životě a práci)
Gottvald, Aleš
The world's distinguished theoretical physicist Georg Placzek (1905-1955) cooperated with many legendary physicists of the first half of the twentieth century, yet this native of Brno is almost unknown in his homeland. Placzek's contributions to theoretical physics are important and still vivid. He was also an active participant of a number of history-making moments. In particular, he was a leader of a theoretical group in the Manhattan project – as the only citizen of Czechoslovakia. We bring many new facts, documents and photographs about Georg Placzek, his remarkable life, work and family. Many of these materials have never been published elsewhere.
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The Physics Principles of Classical Circular Accelerators for Radiological Technologicts
VESELÁ, Barbora
As the selected theory of transfer of knowledge from the scientific radiological physics (in the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators) to students of radiological branches the theory of curricular process was used. This theory was formulated in the world by M. Pasche, T. G. Gardner, M. Certon, M. Gayl, in the Czech and Slovak Republics by J. Průcha, J. Brockmeyerová, P.Tarábek, P. Záškodný. On the base of the curriculum process theory, in the sphere of radiological physics curriculum process can be defined as a sequence of transformations T1-T5 variant forms of curriculum: "conceptual curriculum" as a communicable scientific system of radiological physics (first variant form of curriculum as transformation T1 output from a scientific system to a communicable scientific system) "intended curriculum" as an educational system of radiological physics (second variant form of curriculum as transformation T2 output from a communicable scientific system to an educational system) "project curriculum" as an instructional project of radiological physics (third variant form of curriculum as transformation T3 output from an educational system to a teaching project) "implemented curriculum-1" as the preparedness of educator to education in radiological physics (fourth variant form of curriculum as the first transformation T4 output from an educational project to implementation of teaching) "implemented curriculum-2" as the results of education in radiological physics (fifth variant form of curriculum as the second transformation T4 output from an educational project to implementation of teaching) "attained curriculum" as applicable results of education in radiological physics (sixth variant form of curriculum transformation T5 output from implementation of teaching to application of the results of teaching). In this thesis, in the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators the transformation between the intended curriculum, project curriculum, implemented curriculum-1 and implemented curriculum-2 were used. These transformations were carried out by binds between educating text, experimental teaching, preparation for experimental teaching and placing of educational test to students of radiological branches to find out the results of experimental teaching in the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators. In order to prove the hypotheses of the bachelor thesis, methods of mathematical statistics apart from methods of descriptive statistics were used: Nonparametric tests and two sample t-test. Nonparametric test was used to test the normality of knowledge acquired by experimental teaching. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the knowledge from the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators in students of full-time and part-time study programme. The bachelor thesis was based on the verification of two hypotheses: a) an adequate educational text in the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators can be created by application of curriculum process b) students´ knowledge in the sphere of physical bases of circular accelerators acquired on the base of worked out educational text will have normal distribution. Both of these hypotheses were confirmed by statistical processing of the results which were obtained by experimental teaching and by placing of educational test to students. Partial hypothesis was also confirmed that knowledge between full-time students and part-time students will not be statistically different on the level of statistical significance 0.05. Based on the verified hypotheses and the survey of further results, the targets of the thesis can be considered fulfilled.
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