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Problems of Cigaret Smoking at the Primary Schools 6th - 9th Grade
KŘIVANCOVÁ, Jaroslava
ABSTRACT Problems of cigaret smoking at the primary schools 6th {--} 9th grade Key terms: smoking, addiction, risk factors, prevention, peer programme Thesis treats about the cigaret smoking, especially by the children at the age from 12 to 15 years. It is divided into two parts. The theoretical part amasses the data about tabaccism. It deals with origin of the addiction to nicetine. The author devotes the risk factors {--} affecting negativly the child {--} that can be subsequently the reason of the origin of his addiction. Thesis continouses by describing the prevention of the socio-pathological phenomenons as the first possible kind of the defence of the society against the cigaret smoking and drug abuse. So calles peer {--} programme /in fact the impact of the older pupils on the younger ones/ seems to be one of the most powerful preventive programmes at the school. The practical part summarizes the results of the questionnaire filled in by the pupils of the 6th and 9 th grade. It engages in their attitude toward the smoking of tobacco products.
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Child exposure in a problematic family environment
Šustková, Lucie ; Vítečková, Michaela (referee) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor)
Life and internal family structure is influenced by many factors. Family is implanted into broad social and cultural system. Every individual, in this case parent, falls into daily pressure of problems, which can further influence his behaviour and acting inside of a family. Family is founding themselves in front of countless problems. Each family has different ability to be resistant against problems and to solve them, thus ability to observe its functions. In case of repetitive and permanent failure to perform one or more of function, family has negative influence on child life and its evolution. Child can be endangered by improper parental educational activity, which means improper educational style. Among the most serious problems endangering child from the physical, mental and moral side, belongs physical and mental maltreatment, sexual violation. Overall negative behaviour of family onto a child influences him undesirably in his actual situation as well as in his future life. Educator, who is nearly in daily contact with child, can be at help to endangered child in several aspects. First of all he should be able to recognize endangered child at classroom and undertake him primary assistance. The relationship between the teacher and students should be based on mutual trust and partnership. The educator...
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The opinions of pregnant women of current possibilities of prenatal diagnosis.
DYKOVÁ, Iva
This bachelor thesis deals with the view of pregnant women on prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal screening includes many tests, where the aim is the versatile safety of pregnant women.The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis focuses on the pregnancy period which for most women is the most beautiful period during which the fetus develops in her organism.The purpose of prenatal care is primarily the consistent prevention of any possible pathological situations and timely capture of deviations from the normal course of gestation, with ensuring all available diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The goal of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital developmental defects is to detect congenital developmental defects as soon as possible and to help further approach strategy to pregnant women.Prenatal diagnosis is nowadays an integral part of prenatal care. It is subject to great demands in terms of safety and accuracy.The ethical viewpoint of prenatal diagnosis is just as important as technology by which testing and invasive performance tests are carried out. Prenatal genetic diagnosis has several important ethical issues. An important ethical procedure is proper information and consent of the pregnant woman to the testing, the interpretation of results, maintenance of privacy, medical confidentiality, the impossibility of abusing identified results, availability of further examinations and follow-up treatment at the highest level. The termination of gravidity in the event of statuses incompatible with life, or with permanent damage of the fetus, may be carried out solely at the request of the pregnant woman. The fundamental ethical issue is whether the fetus is regarded as an individual human being. Another dilemma resulting from this is whether a woman can take a decision for herself and the fetus, or whether the fetus is already a human being with its own rights.Furthermore, the theoretical work is devoted to the role of midwives in prenatal care. When providing care for pregnant women in the Czech Republic, the most commonly applied system is the close cooperation of the midwife with the physician. An integral part of the work of a midwife is the identification of anamnestic data by the nursing process method relating to pregnant women in the somatic, psychological, social, and also in the spiritual area. The objective of the bachelor thesis was to find out how pregnant women perceive testing carried out during pregnancy and how they experience situations where the invasive testing of congenital developmental defects of the fetus was recommended to them. The qualitative investigation using the interview method was used for the research investigation. An in-depth structured interview was selected for the data collection technique. The research group was composed of five pregnant women who had a positive screening to congenital developmental defects in I. or II. trimester and had to decide whether to undergo or not invasive testing to detect congenital developmental defects of the fetus. The research results have shown that women consider pregnancy screening tests as a compulsory part of the care for pregnant women. Women perceive non-invasive testing as safe and beneficial for both the fetus and the woman herself. Invasive testing is perceived by most of the women as beneficial despite all risks. During interviews we also met a woman who wouldn't accept any risks and therefore refused invasive testing. Despite the fact that every woman has the right to refuse such testing, this respondent noted how inappropriately most of the doctors and midwives were behaving towards her afterwards. The results also showed that women to whom invasive testing had been recommended experienced fear for the child and future pregnancy. According to the respondents, information in prenatal counselling proved to be clearly insufficient.
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The role of the teacher in the issue of CAN
VOLKOVÁ, Andrea
The aim of this thesis was to monitor the school community's awareness about the issue Syndrome CAN and the ability and willingness of teachers to solve such situations. The theoretical part was focused on the characteristics of the CAN syndrome, its forms, manifestations and causes. This part was also given to the legislation and prevention. The research was attended by a total of 148 teachers of kindergartens and elementary schools situated in South Bohemia and Highland. Four hypotheses were defined for the research purposes, three of them: 1/"the educational community admits that the availability of information about the syndrome CAN should be improved",2/"if the teachers knew about incidents of violence, neglect or abuse of a child they would be willing to solve this situation and not 3/"the teachers are not fully confident that they could recognize the symptoms of the syndrome CAN", were confirmed. The hypothesis that the teachers know how to deal with the situation when the violence, neglect or child abuse is revealed wasn´t confirmed. According to the research the teachers are not convinced or do not know how to deal with the situation when they are confronted with abused or neglected child. The data were statistically processed and evaluated.
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Child Sexual Abuse
DUDLÍČKOVÁ, Vendula
My thesis deals with the problems of sexual abuse of children. It is divided into nine chapters, each of which has a subhead. In the first part, I focused on the term of child sexual abuse. In the second part, I focused on the problem of sexual abuse of children by family members. In the third part, I explained the term of commercial sexual violence committed against children. In the fourth part, I focused on the victims of sexual abuse and in the following part, I focused on the perpetrators. In the sixth part, I described the consequences of the abuse and in the seventh part, I described the therapy. I put a stress on the eighth part which deals with the sexual abuse prevention. The thesis ends with the ninth chapter where I described the moral crimes.
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The Significance of the Father in the Education of a Preschool Child
NOVÁKOVÁ, Hana
In my bachelor thesis I´m dealing with the issue of the significance of father in the education of a pre-school child. The theoretical part is focused especially on children´s mental needs and on the role of father in fulfilling them. I´m trying to analyse the position of father in the education of pre-school children in the past and also drawing attention to the change of his position in family in present. In the practical part I´m dealing with the views and attitudes of present Czech fathers in comparison with the views and attitudes of church community members both in the Czech Republic and the USA. I´m also trying to compare fathers of two different generations.
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Child as a victim of domestic violence
JANŮ, Alena
Domestic violence is currently seen as a significant social problem; it is a form of violence that is widespread throughout the world, in all cultures and all social strata. Domestic violence is usually directed against women, to a lesser extent also against men or senior citizens. Children living in families at risk of domestic violence should be seen as indirect victims of domestic violence too. Domestic violence does not threaten the victims only, but also children who are present in violent incidents between the parents. This thesis, which is focused on children as victims of domestic violence, is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part explained the basic concepts in this field. In the beginning, it was important to highlight the importance of family, its essential functions and vital role in meeting the needs of all its members. Another section explains the definitions of domestic violence, the key features of family violence, its types and forms, as well as victims of domestic violence are dealt with. In connection with the focus on the child as a victim of domestic violence, the CAN syndrome is explained as an issue of maltreated, neglected and abused children. Finally, is described the possible impact of the presence of domestic violence in the family on the development and psychology of the child. The thesis also summarizes the possibility of legal protection for persons at risk of domestic violence, including interventions and assistance to victims. The practical part of the thesis processes the results obtained by quantitative research, both from the statistics of the Intervention Centre for Help to the Victims of Domestic Violence at the Diocesan Charity in České Budějovice and the data obtained from a questionnaire sent to institutions, at municipal authorities of municipalities with extended powers, for the social and legal protection of children. The objective was to find out whether domestic violence occurs mainly in families with children and what the effect of domestic violence in the family is on the child?s mental development. The region concerned was South Bohemia. Based on the data obtained, the following information was found: the total number of households with domestic violence in which minors were present, the total number of threatened children, and the impact of violence among adult household members present on the psyche of children.
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Endangered Child in Family
JÁCHIMOVÁ, Andrea
The bachelor thesis deals with the issues of neglected, tortured and abused children who grow up in non-functional families. The aim of the work is to describe types of families, mainly families not fulfilling their basic functions where children are neglected, tortured or sexually abused. On the basis of the studied professional literature I explain the issues connected with the CAN syndrome, what children are most prone to become victims and who abuses children and how the traumas they experience in their childhood influence these children in their further lives. In the practical part, using a case from my teaching experience, I describe a case of seven siblings who were growing up in a non-functional family, their behaviour, including its causes, and the further life stories of these children and how they were influenced by their childhood in a non-functional family.
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