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Past and present of education of paediatric nurses and their attitudes towards their own profession
ZMEŠKALOVÁ, Stanislava
This thesis deals with the history and present state of the education of paediatric nurses and their attitudes towards their own profession. The first objective was to find out information regarding the education in the nursing profession in Bohemia, with a focus on child care, and to create an overview of the education in the profession Paediatric Nurse. The second objective was to find out about the attitudes of paediatric nurses towards their profession. Interviewed were sisters who chose the profession after finishing elementary school and underwent qualifying studies as well as nurses who chose the profession after graduating from a secondary school or university education and achieved their education through specialization studies. The last objective was to compare these two groups and to assess whether there are any differences between them. The theoretical background of the thesis defined basic concepts such as the definition of education, education in nursing, a profession, and attitude towards a profession. Documents related to education since the foundation of nursing education to the present were also used and studied. The chapters on the status of nursing staff and its employment chances focus on the development of the relationship to the profession and shaping attitudes towards it. In the research part of the thesis, the collected information related to education and derived from archival documents, literature, laws and regulations is presented. The results can be used as a basis for creating educational material focused on the history of the field and intended for the education of paediatric nurses to strengthen their identification with the profession. The thesis also presents interviews with in-service paediatric nurses where they express their views on the work in the field and their attitudes towards their profession. The results of the interviews are documented and organized so that it is possible to assess whether there are any differences between these groups. The anticipated differences can be used for further investigation focused on attitudes to the profession. Verified knowledge could then be used for training paediatric nurses aimed at creating desired attitudes towards the profession.
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The overview and the evaluation of the technical specifications of transparent materials for the production of composite wood panels
Holub, Jan ; Böhm, Martin (advisor) ; Arnetová, Karolína (referee)
Work includes: general introduction to the components of the wood-based panels with a transparent layer, the history of their production. It includes requirements for individual components of composite wood panels and requirements for wood and other wood-based materials, which serve as reinforcement. Also mentions claims potting material, which serves as a matrix.
It includes a description of the technology of wood-based panels with a transparent layer. This paper introduces the most commonly used material serving as a matrix, their distinctive characteristics essential for the production of composite plates. Compares parameters resins based on polyester, polyurethane and epoxy resins and analyzes the choice of a suitable material for producing a composite board based on user requirements. Part of this work is to design materials for the manufacture of composite board with controlled light distribution.
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Open Access in Horizon 2020 and the European Research Area
Spichtinger, Daniel
This presentation provides an overview of the open access activities of the European Commission as a policy maker and major funder of scientific research through the FP7 and Horizon 2020 framework programmes as well as activities in the European Research Area (ERA). Furthermore the Commission also encourages national policy initiatives on access to, dissemination and preservation of scientific information.
Slides: idr-478_1 -  PDF
Video: idr-478_2 -  MP4
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Harvesting of pine resin – historical overview and the possibility of future use
Bunda, Richard ; Štícha, Václav (advisor) ; Macků, Jan (referee)
Mining of resin represents a long forgotten ancient craft that used to be one of the most desirable crafts. The way of living was hard, just because the workers did not make much profit. Knowledge about this field was essential, and anyone who wanted to nurture this craft, had to pass a test of expertise. The resin was one of the finest raw materials in many different employment sectors. The resin had its place in the health sector, because it has medical effects, and it is used even nowadays, although not in such quantity as earlier. It is possible to prepare a range of medicinal products from the resin. Today, mining is classified as an extinct craft, but there are still fields that require the use of resin. It is possible that the forgotten craft will not remain forgotten forever.
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Examination of HPV as part of cervical cancer prevention
PETŘÍKOVÁ, Petra
Sexually transmitted HPV infection (human papillomavirus), or infection with human papillomavirus, is a decisive factor in cervix carcinoma etiology. Human papillomaviruses are considered to be the most frequent sexually transmitted infection worldwide. In women, the life-long risk of infection is 80%. High-risk genotypes (high-risk HR HPV 16, HPV 18) were classified among carcinogens. The risk of cervix carcinoma in a woman who is HR HPV positive is 100 to 400 times higher compared to a woman who is HR HPV negative. The first part of my thesis contains a brief theoretical overview of HPV history, structure and classification. The next part deals with the ways of HPV transmission and the incubation period of the pathogenic agent in question. The incubation period as well as the replication cycle of the virus depend on the extent of infection and on the status of the immune system. Increased occurrence of papillomavirus infection is found in persons with a damaged component of cell immunity. In the further part of the thesis I focused on the diagnostic procedures and tests proving HPV infection including its clinical manifestations. Continued HPV infection, together with other relevant factors (smoking, immunodeficiency, lack of vitamins, stress, vaginal infection and hormone influence), increases the probability of cervix carcinoma occurrence. Here I also mention the histopathological classification, prognosis and treatment of these tumors. Considering the occurrence of cervix carcinoma, the situation in the CR is not as favorable as in other advanced countries where the screening is more effective. For comparison, the incidence and mortality in the CR are presented within global scale. Further on I attempted to stress the importance of primary prevention, mainly vaccination. The parts of secondary prevention mentioned in the thesis are preventive examinations, colposcopy, oncological cytology, serological methods and HPV test. The aim of my thesis is to emphasize the importance of testing for human papilloma virus HPV tests carried out in high risk group of women aged over 35 years within the system of preventive examinations. However, nowadays these examinations are accomplished just in women with an abnormal cytological finding. My thesis summarizes the quantitative findings as regards HPV tests done on the basis of determining the nucleic acid of human papillomaviruses by hybridization method with enhanced signal using chemiluminiscence detection. The detection of HPV was achieved with the use of the sets hc2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test and hc 2 HPV DNA Test from QIAGEN company. The thesis includes results of the tests for high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV 16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/68) found in 767 women over the period from January 1 2010 to December 31 2013. The tests were carried out at the Medical Microbiology Ward of the Hospital Jindřichův Hradec, a joint-stock company. The group of women with already positive cytological finding was divided into six age categories to highlight the high-risk groups of women over 35 and over 65. As I myself belong to the high-risk group over 35, my intention was to prove the hypothesis that the cause of the cytological changes in women over 35 can be attributed to the dangerous types of human papillomavirus. Finally, after carrying out the analysis of the obtained results, I attempted to propose a solution which could be used in practice.
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Microalgal Growth Problem for the Photosynthetitc Factory and its Optimization: An Overview and Further Analysis
Čelikovský, Sergej
The overview of the micro-algal growth problem for the photosynthetic factory and its optimal control solution is presented here. First, the model description and its properties like Haldan steady state dynamics, light integration property and the forward invariance of the set of biologically well-de ned states are described. This shows that the model meets basic experimentally based requirements. Further, its optimal control problem is formulated and solved analytically for the one dimensional singular perturbation based reduction. Properties of the optimal control for the reduced model are discussed and compared with some experimental observations. Among them, the general biotechnological paradigm that on large time intervals the optimal solution is, in certain sense, almost constant, is substantiated. As a new original result of this paper, the explicit solvable di erentiable equation for the unsaturated part of the optimal control is derived.
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Principles of cultivation and possibilities of utilization of Miscanthus
Strašil, Zdeněk
Methodics is based on own and external experience with growing of miscanthus. Methodics presents overview on botanical characteristics of the plant, requiremenf of the plant on site conditions, farming techniques including fertilization, crop establishment, plant protection till harvest and postharvest treatment. The survey of main possibilities of utilization of miscanthus is presented.
Fulltext: PDF
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The use of ionizing radiation in archeology
HORÁKOVÁ, Sandra
The methods using ionizing radiation for studying the archaeological artefacts have found an important place in the archaeology. The archaeologists using the ionising radiation are receiving far more comprehensive view into the past. The main area of this identification is the age of the objects, proving their authenticity and the composition analyses to determine the object origin. There is number of different methods, but for the archaeology only those methods that do not impair the subject investigated are taken into the account. This is a fundamental limiting factor for this area, as far as the monuments create an irreplaceable cultural heritage. There are number of modern methods in this area. However, not all of them are suitable for a certain material. Every method is usually suited for a narrow range of dedicated elements and limited range of ages only. This work is focused on the methods using ionizing radiation, which are the mostly used and typical for this field. Thus, the question is, whether there are any significant risks for the archaeological research in terms of the radiation protection. In order to clarify this issue, this material describes various methods and presents the results of practical measurements for the roentgen-fluorescent method. This method was selected due to its frequent usability by the archaeologists, and because the mobile analyser can be used in the field. The theoretical part of this report is focused on the basic knowledge about ionizing radiation, which is important for the understanding the issue. This is about the basic terms, such as radioactivity, ionizing radiation and its kinds, and radiation protection. In the context of radiation protection, the deterministic and stochastic effects of the ionizing radiation are outlined. The basic methods of protection against ionizing radiation and the biological effects of radiation on a human body are also described. Also the limits, embodied in the principles of radiation protection, are described. For the comprehensive overview, the radiation burden of the population is briefly described in the theoretical part of this material. The next part of this bachelor degree report is the methodology of the research, i.e., summarizes the overview of the selected methods, in which the ionizing radiation is used. Seven methods that are most commonly used and are typical for the archaeology are described. Practical measurement of the bachelor degree report presents the results of the roentgen-fluorescent analysis. Archaeological Institute of the University of South Bohemia use this method and specifically the mobile analyser Thermo Scientific NITON XL2 GOLDD. It is being used for a quantitative analysis of the samples with the primary source of low power mini roentgen tube 45 kV/W with silver anode. For the dose rate measurement from the NITON XL2 GOLDD meter, the FH-40-10 dose rate meter was used, borrowed from the nuclear power plant Temelin. Its range is 10 nSv/h - 1 Sv/h. Several items were selected for the measurement, such as the bronze sword, steel weight with the diameter of 4 cm and silver coin with the diameter of 1 cm. The measurement was accomplished after a contact application of the mobile analyser on the investigated subject, for the analysis of its composition. At the same time the dose input was measured by the FH-40-10 meter over the measured subject.
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