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Environment in China - current state, problems and perspectives
Salačová, Aneta ; De Castro, Tereza (advisor) ; Neumann, Pavel (referee)
The problematics of the environment has been underestimated in China for a long time. This country has been developing with incredible speed in the last three decades. The price for such growth is the current state of the environment in China. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the current state of the environment in China and the development of the stance of the Chinese government towards the protection of the environment in the new millennium. In connection with the economic growth is analysed the dependence on air pollution and Chinese GDP. Last but not least are offered possible solutions and perspectives of the future development of air pollution in China.
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Court Interpreting in the Czech Republic: the status quo
Doušová, Lucie ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Špirk, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis addresses the current state of court interpretation in the Czech Republic. The work consists of two parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part describes EU legislation on court interpretation and projects that aim to improve the quality of court interpretation. The thesis also discusses the development of Czech legislation regarding court interpretation from its inception to the present and expands to expected future development in the field of court interpretation. Major institutions such as EULITA at the European level and KST ČR in the Czech Republic are alluded to in the work. The empirical part consists of research conducted by a questionnaire among court interpreters, judges and investigators. The aim of the research is to answer the question who the present Czech court interpreters are and what their co-operation with the judges and investigators is like.
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The Role of Nurse in the Prevention of Disease of Civilisation
PAVLOVÁ, Martina
The current state Prevention is a complex care of a patient when we are trying to prevent from the occurrence or development of a disease, or when we want to prevent from its consequences and mitigate them. Recommendations for prevention set by a doctor must be on a scientific basis, and they must be a part of all branches of medicine. Their effectiveness depends on the cooperation between patients and medical staff. The basic and most efficient method of prevention is the health promotion and health education, which is closely associated with it. The term health promotion involves a set of activities and precautions for the purpose of making health better and sustaining it. Diseases of civilisation (hereinafter "DoC") are groups of diseases which are distinguished by their association to our lifestyles. Human body is more and more threatened from unfavourable influences of external environment, such as the quality of atmosphere, work environment and environment itself, the lack of physical movement, unhealthy diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The list of diseases of civilisation varies and changes together with our society and the development of our lifestyles. Among the most common or frequent diseases of current time are cardiovascular diseases, which involve atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease and obesity. Furthermore, between civilization diseases include diabetes mellitus type 2 or cancer, etc. The goal of the thesis There are two goals set for this paper. The first goal was to find out what the role of a nurse in the prevention of diseases of civilisation was. The second goal was to find out what the above mentioned role of a nurse was from the point of view of patients. Methodology For the purpose of the research part of this thesis, qualitative research using semistructured interviews was carried out. Respondents were divided into two groups; the first one consisted of eight nurses working at internal medicine and neurological department of the hospital in České Budějovice and a nurse working in a private office of a general practitioner for adult patients. The second group consisted of eight patients of the above mentioned health facilities. Results According to our findings, nurses and patients have different oppinions on the role of a nurse. Nurses in disease prevention see themselves as an equivalent to a doctor when undertaking this practice and giving guidance. The patient speaks only to the nurse who emphasized what they were told by the doctor and reiterated the main points. They make available to them leaflets and brochures or Internet resources. In contrast, most patients see a nurse as a more important source of information than the doctor. Patients have the feeling that the doctor does not have enough time or does not want to be botherd with questions. Rather the patient turns to his nurse, which they sees as more appropriate and someone to whom they can confide in without bothering. Summary The goal of the thesis was to focus on prevention, DoC, and the role of a nurse in the prevention of such diseases, as well as to study this issue, look at it from the point of view of patients and nurses via the interviews carried out in this paper, and to analyse such information. Based on this analysis are published recommendations for nurses and patients.
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Role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly.
VRZALOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.
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Patients satisfaction with the provided services. An important indicator of the quality of health care facilities.
MALANÍKOVÁ, Jana
My master's thesis which topic is "Satisfaction of patients with the services provided. An important indicator of quality of medical equipment " is mainly focused on satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. Furthermore, the mapping focused on overall satisfaction with care in the already mentioned Hospital České Budějovice and on exploring whether patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in this hospital affirmatively and whether they are satisfied with care of local nurses. The satisfaction of patients is an important indicator of the quality of care provided, which has an impact on their status of basic human needs. One main purpose was determined: Monitoring the satisfaction of patients with the services provided in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. and this purpose was fulfilled. Quantitative research was executed, to its realization the interview method was used. By means of the technique of standardized anonymous questionnaires on the basis of the above-mentioned purpose,the 3 following hypothesis were verified: 1) Patients are satisfied with the overall care in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. 2) Interviewed patients evaluate the quality of information provided by a medical doctor in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. affirmatively 3) Interviewed patients are satisfied with the care of nurses in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. I processed the data to confirm or refute the pre-established hypotheses. The evaluation of the data was carried out using statistical nonparametric methods, Chi-square test and the chosen level of significance of p=0.05. The results of the research have been clearly processed into the tables and graphs. The program Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was used to process the results.
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Management styles and their relation to the satisfaction of employees
GRAMANOVÁ, Kamila
Abstract - Leader empowering behaviours and their relation with worker's satisfaction Current state: Nurse's work is physically and mentally demanding. Adequate knowledge and skills are also needed. Nurse managers whose leader empowering behaviours administer to good functioning of medical institutions have therefore a crucial role. In these days a monitoring of job satisfaction is an upcoming matter. According to that we can look for drawbacks and problems and take corrective actions. There is a 9th year of the nationwide research of safety and satisfaction of employees of Czech hospitals. Aim: The first aim of the research was to find out what leader empowering behaviours are used the most by nurse managers. The second aim was to find out how leader empowering behaviours influence satisfaction with work conditions of nurses. Two hypotheses were given. The first hypothesis postulated that nurse managers use democratic empowering behaviours the most. The second hypothesis postulated that satisfaction with work conditions of nurses is changeable, depending on leader empowering behaviours. Methodology: A quantitative method of data capture was chosen. Non-standardised questionaires with 30 closed questions were given out. There were four questions at the beginning to identify respondents. Other set of 15 questions was focused on recognition of leader empowering behaviours. Satisfaction with work conditions was monitored in the last set of questions. Results of the research were processed into graphs and tables. Research set: The research set included nurses working under nurse managers in inpatient wards in České Budějovice a.s. hospital. The questionaire was appropriately filled in by 112 nurses, corresponding 74,7% recoverability. This was used to complete the aim of this thesis. Results: Results of the thesis were divided into two sets. The first set of questions aimed on leader empowering behaviours of managers under whom the questioned nurses of particular departments work. Democratic empowering behaviours were evaluated the most used, according to the first hypothesis. The second set of questions aimed on satisfaction with work conditions. The highest job satisfaction was reached with democratic empowering behaviours. Autocratic, liberal and nonspecific empowering behaviours were used in minimal degree and nurses reported lower job satisfaction among these behaviours. Therefore the second hypothesis was also confirmed. Conclusion: The research pointed out that leader empowering behaviours are one of the factors that influence job satisfaction. It is positive thing that an interest and research in this area increased in the last decade. Periodic evaluation of job satisfaction enables monitoring the direction of its values. According to the survey, a newsletter with recommendations for nurse managers was formed. This newsletter pointed out pros and cons of leader empowering behaviours.
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Research of windbreaks in a chosen cadastral area from the point of view of woody plants species´ representation and their health condition
Knoblochová, Martina ; Janeček, Miloslav (advisor) ; David, David (referee)
This thesis evaluates the current state of selected wind breaking types, looking at their species composition, condition and functionality.
One of the most efficient precaution against wind erosion are wind breaking swathes of woodland, windbreakers. These woodlands protect adjoining land against wind erosion of topsoil, blowing away snow cover as well as lowering water evaporation. The right position in the landscape, species composition and a good state are important for windbreakers to fulfil the above mentioned function. In the Czech Republic, 29% of farmland is badly affected by wind erosion. The most affected areas are situated in the South Moravian region. For the purpose of this dissertation work, two areas were chosen. Both of them are situated in the district of Znojmo, where the highest level of wind erosion is found. Area 1 lies in the districts of Břežany, Čejkovice and Božice. Area 2 lies in the districts of Velký Karlov, Hrádek and Křídlůvky. In order to investigate suitability of current windbreakers, the state of potential natural vegetation, climate, geological, paedological and hydrological conditions will be investigated in both of these areas.
For the assessment of the effect of windbreakers, methodology after Podhrázská (2008) was used. This methodology allows assessment of these trees as individual linear elements, but also as a part of a network of these elements. The assessed criteria will be, for example: position in the landscape, species composition, age, functional type, height, width and the number of rows. Furthermore, horizontal and vertical parameters will also be investigated. For the evaluation of the functionality of the network of elements, it is also crucial to look at the tree orientation, their position in relation to the terrain and the direction of the wind. Moreover, the distance between individual woodlands also plays a significant role. The effect of windbreakers on the landscape will be further assessed using classification system after Kolařík (2005).
Over the course of this project, 22 windbreakers were selected for evaluating their functionality and a proposal for their re-establishment in the future was suggested.
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Evaluation of revitalisation of green vegetation on the square in the town Dobříš
Melšová, Tereza ; Jakubcová, Eva (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The thesis is focused on the evaluation of the revitalization of green vegetation at the Mirove square in the town Dobris. Revitalization took place in 2012 and its main purpose was to revive and attractiveness of the area. The condition was to preserve the original character of the square.
As part of this thesis is done monitoring of the project with settings the most important points that had an impact on the recovery of the area. Explored is for example the financing of revitalization, architectural competition and management of urban green areas in Dobris.
The main essence of evaluation is analysis of greenem which was performed before starting the revitalization and after its completion. It describes the health condition of trees, their aesthetic value and composition of vegetation, which was solved by the project. Based on the dendrological report is evaluated the management of greenery, which was ensured by the city untill the start of the project.
Described is street furniture and all landscaping which was applied in the renewal of greenery. Included are radical adjustments like felling of selected trees, but also a minor health interventions.
In conclusion there is proposed recommendations for possible adjustments. They are entered in the design of solutions that can be used to improve the project. The recommendations are designed to improve representativeness and functionality of the entire revitalization project in the investigated area.
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Minimal standard for making land-use plans and their follow utilization
Slánková, Pavla ; Zilvar, Josef (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
The MA thesis deals with the issue of creating a spatial plan as one of the most important documents which regulate the state of using individual spaces within the Hradec Králové Region from the viewpoint of a Hradec Králové Region Regional Office employee who deals with spatial planning activities as part of his workload. The introduction of this thesis describes the process and the very creation of spatial plans with reference to current legislation that regulates this issue in the Czech Republic. The thesis introduction also describes the Minimum Standard for the Digital Creation of Spatial Plans in the GIS,MINIS project, which is being applied in the Hradec Králové Region as a recommended methodic for creating spatial plans on its territory. The second part of the thesis focuses on the development and evaluation when putting the aforementioned project,methodic in the Hradec Králové Region into practice. As part of the development and evaluation, the impact of creating spatial plans per the cited project,methodic, which concerns all the affected subjects dealing with the issue of creating and subsequently using a spatial plan, will be evaluated. An analysis has also been made based on these evaluations and analyses, whether the Hradec Králové Region selected an appropriate strategy concerning support, which recommends the MINIS methodic when creating spatial plans on its own territory.
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