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The analysis of aberrations in the localization of the radiated fields during irradiation of the patients with rectum tumors by EPID method
HARTMANOVÁ, Magda
The presented thesis deals with the analysis of deviations in radiation fields during the irradiation of the patients with rectal tumors. The first part of the thesis is focused on the current problems connected with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer both in the Czech Republic and worldwide. It also includes the description of risk factors, characterisation of the given type oftumor, manifestation of the disease as well as the prognosis. What is also tackled is the prevention, which is important and often neglected.It was necessary to mention the possibilities of screening and dispensarisation programs. The next part deals with the diagnostic process (from anamnesis to specialised examinations) as well as the therapy. Chemotherapy and surgery are mentioned only marginally whereas radiotherapy, including its planning and methods, is dealt with in a more detailed way. The main part consists of the analysis of deviations in radiation fields. The deviations have been obtained by means of EPID (electron portal image device) in a sample of patients with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer who are treated with the use of radiotherapy at the oncological ward of the Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. The maximum, minimum and average deviation in the localization of radiation fields were assessed statistically, by means of the khi-quadrate test. The results obtained will be submitted to the oncological ward of the Hospital České Budějovice, Inc., where they can contribute to the assessment of radiotherapy quality. The thesis includes supplements such as portal images and tables with graphs indicating the development of the incidence and mortality for the chosen diagnosis within the entire population.
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Simulace pohybu velkých vírů při volném proudu
Louda, Petr ; Kozel, K. ; Příhoda, Jaromír
The work deals with large eddy simulation (LES) of incompressible plane free jet issued from a slot nozzle. The mathematical model is based on filtered Navier-Stokes equations. The sub-grid turbulence is modelled by Smagorinsky eddy viscosity model. The numerical solution is carried out by a finite-difference method. The time discretization uses second order accurate 3-stage Runge Kutta scheme. The Poisson equation is used for the estimation of pressure. Various boundary conditions are tested for 2D free jet flow with the Reynolds number Re= 30000. The initial velocity field is randomly perturbed by divergence-free velocity field with maximum value of 0.03Uo.
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Zhodnocení problematiky vlivu velkých šelem na chov hospodářských zvířat
Smékalová, Markéta
Abstract This research evaluates the impact of large carnivores - brown bear, wolf and eurasien lynx to livestock. In some European countries, carnivores colonize the territory where they were wiped out, or were pushed out. In the last decade, conflicts between predators and livestock are growing. However, there are differences between different regions and between different species. In some areas, attacks by predators are rather sporadic. In countries where populations of larger carnivores are greater, (eg in Norway) or in countries with a low occurrence of natural prey are damage to livestock signicifant. There are many preventive methods. The most effective seems to be closing livestock for the night and maximum control of dogs and people. Compensation programs are in most countries, but by themselves do not solve the heart of the matter.
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DEVELOPMENT OF ICHTIOFAUNA IN THE NEW FILED POND CHABAŘOVICE
ŤUK, Josef
The Chabarovice coal mining pit arose by flooding the former strip mine area for brown coal. After filling, the pit area should reach about 225 hectare, total volume of water 34.4 mil. m3, average depth 15,6 meters with maximum of 23,3meters. It is assumed that the pond and adjacent areas will be used for recreation usage after completion of recultivation and ground shaping. I have performed the investigations in June and in August 2004 - 2005, using basic ichthyological methods. The data about recruitment were collected by the littoral seine net and adult fish (older than one year) were investigated by gillnets nets. Fish was determinated to genus, individually measured by slide caliper (fry) and by measuring plate (adult fish). The lenght of fish body (SL-standart lenght) was measured in millimeters and fish were weighted separately (W v g). In the year 2005, also scales were taken from individual fish for the age assesment. Obtained data were processed with regard to performed biomanipulation measures in individual sectores. Nine fish species and one hybrid were recorded by the monitoring with gillnets nets. The most numerous fish were juveniles and adults of rudd with SL 74 {--} 300 mm and the weight up to 618 g. The fish species with the strongest impact upon the pit ecosystem function is conitnuously the perch with the dominance of individuals with SL 46 to 337 mm and weight zup to 850 g.
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Vyhodnocení retenčního potenciálu vybraného povodí
Trávničková, Mirka
This thesis evaluates the potential retention in the catchment area of the Barchov brook, in its components parts. For identifying and evaluating hydrological characteristic, it was first necessary to mapping the area in terms landscape cover, topography terrain, soil properties and divided it into individual sub-basin. This data was processed in the ArcGIS version 10.0. The output of which were characteristics for each sub-basin such as: the length of the stream, the slope of the stream, size area, slope area, 1-day maximum rainfall amount, surface roughness and runoff curve number CN, which entering into the hydrological model DesQ-MaxQ. The output of the model were hydrological characteristics of the river sub-basin with the values the size of the potential retention, the volume of runoff, percentage of the stored water, flood wave volume, time of concentration and maximum flow. When evaluating the individual hydrological characteristics were taken into account morphological, soil, landscape and vegetation properties of the specific sub-basin.
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Emissions of particulate matter in poultry farms
VACOVSKÝ, Miroslav
Among the considerable factors in poultry include climatic conditions, where the breeding takes place. This work focuses on the content of solid particles PM10 and PM2,5 occurring in this environment. These particles can negatively affect the health status of breeding and staff, ensuring the necessary care in poultry farming. Dust particles settle on the skin, where they have an irritant effect or are inhaled into the respiratory tract bodies of birds. These particles are transferred microorganisms causing a variety of diseases. It is therefore desirable to eliminate the amount of such particles to the maximum extent possible.
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Seismic Loading of Jeroným Mine during Swarm in Kraslice Region in 2008
Kaláb, Zdeněk ; Lednická, Markéta ; Knejzlík, Jaromír
Seismic loading of underground spaces of Jeroným Mine in 2008 was very low up to October 6, 2008. From this date, significant loading occurred because very intensive seismic swarm started in Kraslice region (about 25 km from mine). Induced vibrations did not evoke visible damages in underground spaces. In sum 451 earthquakes from Kraslice region were recorded in seismic station named JER1 within Oct. 6 – Dec. 10, 2008. The most intensive shock occurred in Oct. 14 (21:00); maximum value of component velocity reached 0.435 mm.s-1.
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O jednom přibližném řešení marginálního problému
Janžura, Martin
With the aid of the Maximum Entropy principle, a solution to the marginal problem is obtained in a form of parametric exponential (Gibbs-Markov) distribution. The unknown parameters can be calculated by an optimization procedure that agrees with the maximum likelihood estimate but it is numerically hardly feasible for highly dimensional systems. A numerically easily feasible solution can be obtained by the algebraic Möbius formula. The formula, unfortunately, involves terms that are not directly available but can be approximated. And the main aim of the present paper consists in this approximation.
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Doplňování fragmentů posibilistických distribucí s hodnotami v úplném svazu podle principu maximální hodnoty entropie
Kramosil, Ivan
Investigated are Boolean-valued possibilistic distributions taking their values in the power-set of all sets of positive integers. However, some of these possibility degrees may be known only fragmentally in the sense that for the characteristic sequence (identifier) of the set-value in question not all members of this sequence are known. A simple possibilistic entropy function is defined and completions of fragments of possibility degrees with respect to the classical (optimistic or global, in a sense) principle of maximal entropy as well as with respect to some weakened (local or pessimistic, in a sense) versions of this principle are introduced and analyzed.
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