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Nutrition of pregnant - reccomendation and reality
FAJMONOVÁ, Simona
For my bachelor thesis I have chosen the theme : Nutrition of pregnant women recommendations and reality. The theoretical part includes the specifics of nutrition in preconception period and pregnancy, risk groups of pregnant women, high-risk behavior and a chapter about dietary supplementation in pregnancy. Pregnancy is an important period in a woman's life. The changes that accompany pregnancy also impose increased demands on the supply of the body with nutrients. I have chosen the method of a survey for the processing of the research part of my thesis. The practical part includes the results of the survey, which was attended by 80 women in the 7th-9th month of pregnancy. The questionnaire asked for basic information besides the weight, height and weight gain in pregnancy, also eating habits, fluid intake, inadequate habits (alcohol, smoking), use of dietary supplements, awareness of pregnant women and their physical activity. The questionnaires were processed in Microsoft Excel using tables and graphs. All collected pieces of information about dietary habits were compared with the recommendations for pregnant women. The aim of this thesis was to find out what is the reality of eating habits of pregnant women compared with recommendations. Another aim was to determine, whether pregnant women are well informed about the nutrition recommendations during their pregnancy and where they get the information from. Further aim was to explore, whether pregnant women use nutritional supplements before or during pregnancy and what kind of them. The last aim was to determine some of the bad habits during pregnancy (e.g. alcohol , smoking). The results of the questionnaire survey showed that by the majority of pregnant women the reality and recommendations coincided in water intake and beverage preference. Most of them preferred water or tea. Coffee consumption was also by the majority of them problem-free. Eating meat and eggs corresponded with the recommendations for a large group of respondents. As for legumes, fish and fish products, their consumption corresponded with the recommendations by only about half of the women. Eating fruits and vegetables were in the majority of pregnant women unfortunately insufficient as well as the consumption of milk and dairy products, nuts and seeds. It would be very appropriate to increase consumption of these groups of food. Conversely, the consumption of sausages and sweets, which turned out to be more frequent, should be reduced . Most women were well informed about the nutrition recommendations during their pregnancy, in most cases from the media or pregnancy counseling from a doctor. Here, I would suggest creating a website for pregnant women offering really reliable information. Nutritional supplements related to pregnancy were used by about half of the respondents. Only less than a half of the surveyed women supplemented folic acid in preconception period. I would suggest to create some information leaflets about the suitability of folic acid supplementation in preconception period and place them in the gynecological outpatient's clinics . Pregnant women ordinarily didn't smoke and consume alcohol. Occasional alcohol consumption stated 14 % of women. It seems that women are informed enough about the risk of smoking and alcohol consumption.
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Rating supplements and dispensing of food supplements / / in pregnant women in selected pharmacies in 2006 and 2007
Nerudová, Klára ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
The selective abstrakt: Rigorous work The classification supplementary and dispensation of feed supplement for gravid women from selected pharmacy in the years 2006 and 2007 treat of suitability for supplementary usage during gravidity. In this work I also evaluate individual supplement`s for gravidity period that are used in the years 2006 and 2007 in the Czech market. Result of my rigorous work is recommendation for give priority to healthy and mixed fare during gravidity before vitamin supplement. This kind of recommendation is valid just for normal physiological conditions for all kinds of vitamins and minerals except of folic acid that they shoud be used before planned pregnacy. The products Centrum materna, Calibrum mami or Calibrum babyplan I can recommend each time if they have incomplete nutritive-supply.
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Total daily energy expenditure of women in different trimesters of pregnancy
Malíková, Petra ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Background: Total daily energy expenditure of Czech women in particular trimesters of pregnancy is a lowly explored part of energy metabolism. Objective: The purpose of our study was to estimate total daily energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate in particular trimesters of pregnant women in the Czech Republic and to compare our values with these presented in foreign literature. Design: The study was based on 409 assessments. The base was created by questionnaires where women described all of their activities of a certain day. Women also gave details of an exact time of duration for each activity. For matematical assessmetns there were used a specially designed program Energy expenditure 2 and a statistic program GraphPad Prism 4. As the value of basal metabolic rate were considerated values obtained according to Harrise-Benedict equation and consequently modified by multiplication factors (1,035 for the first trimester, 1,062 for the second trimester and 1,177 for the third trimester). These factors were obtained from clinical assessment of basal metabolic rate in Teaching hospital in Hradec Králové. The same factors were used for estimating of total daily energy expenditure. In our study there are described also other energy characteristics - activity energy expenditure, psysical activity...
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Woman's web sites
Bartková, Soňa ; Osvaldová, Barbora (advisor) ; Fišerová, Sylvie (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with women's websites in the Czech Republic. Several chapters are devoted to the history of the Internet and websites in the Czech Republic, the Internet as a mass and communication medium and the psychology of Internet users. The thesis is primarily devoted to mapping the Czech websites aimed at girls and women. For each website it examines the operators, founding year, average daily number of real users and the time that users spend at website. The thesis also deals with topics and its division at websites, connectedness with social networks, websites desing, when users of the websites can publish their own contributions and how they can communicate with the websites. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the most popular women's websites, most dedicated topics and characterize the type of women who use women websites.
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Pregnant women's stress in connection with prenatal diagnostics
Žitná, Jana ; Hodačová, Lenka (advisor) ; Křivková, Vladana (referee) ; Štefančíková, Mariana (referee)
This bachelor work investigates pregnant woman' s state of stress connected with prenatal diagnostics. It comprises a theoretical summary of pregnancy, prenatal care and stress. The focus of work is composed of a quantitative research. It reveals inner feelings of women, when realizing their pregnancies. It also investigates the ratio of planned pregnancies, the level of informedness of particular diagnostic procedures in prenatal care and following feelings and body responses evocated by these.
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Educations concerning problems of gravidity and labour at women with aural handicap in the regions South Bohemia and Passau.
FILIPOVÁ, Marie
A midwife working in the delivery room can get into a situation where communicating with an aurally impaired pregnant woman and effectively educating her becomes essential. Pregnancy and birth represent considerable stress, whether physical or mental, for the organism of every woman. Owing to more complicated communication, aurally handicapped women in particular are subject to increased fear and distress. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the question of physiological pregnancy and birth as well as the specification of aural disability and educational process. The differences in care for pregnant and birthing women in the Czech Republic and Germany are mentioned at the end of the theoretical part. Studying aural disability more consistently as well as possible contradictions and consequences of insufficient communication during pregnancy, birth and subsequent care for the newborn between the staff and the aurally impaired woman enables a more professional view, thus contributing to a better level of prevention of the woman?s physical and mental problems. The empirical part of the thesis aims at finding out the skills and knowledge of the ways of communication and education of midwives within their work responsibilities as far as aurally handicapped women are concerned. The research also consists of deeper understanding of the area where the necessary educational process should be aimed from the point of view of aurally impaired women?s needs. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to get and process data for the empiric part. The quantitative research survey was carried out through the method of data collection by a questionnaire for midwives working in the delivery room. The qualitative part of the research survey was carried out via framework analysis of the output gained from half-structured interviews conducted with aurally handicapped women. Identifying the communication skills of midwives with aurally impaired women in the obstetrics can result in the optimization of the mutual cooperation between a client and the nursing staff. Upon the learnt facts, the thesis points put potential problems in the area of education of aurally handicapped women. At the same time, suitable communication and education strategies are recommended within the professional powers of a midwife in the area of informing aurally handicapped women about pregnancy and birth.
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Research of informadness and interest pregnant woman about alternative method of the delivery
Novotná, Michaela ; Kalousek, Ivo (advisor) ; Slowik, Regina (referee) ; Poláková, Hana (referee)
Baccalaureate work treat of informedness of pregnant women in the area alternative medicine, about usage alternative methods in the first stage of the delivery and about possibilities options at own delivery. Point on benefits each of the methods, but at the same time also on possibility rise complication. Principle of this work forms quantitative research, that is of above all bent on inquest informedness and interest pregnant women about alternative method. Further also investigate with, whether are these women knowledgeable, that the they may at alternative lead of delivery originate sudden complication expectant instantaneous solving and imperilling life child and own woman in childbed. Surveyed sample forms pregnant women registered at six gynaecological ambulance of the Tábor district.
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The evaluation of dietary intake substrates and nutrients in pregnancy.
Sovišová, Petra ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
THE EVALUATION OF DIETARY INTAKE SUBSTRATES AND NUTRIENTS IN PREGNANCY Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Petra Sovišová The right nourishment during pregnancy plays key role not only for the healthy development of fetus, but also for over-all health of future mother during pregnancy and after delivery. The aim of this study was to find out by various testing of nourishment in the group of pregnant women nutrition intake of energy, vitamins and minerals in current times in the Czech Republic. Testing was done on weekly basis of all intook nutrition in the group of randomely selected pregnant women since the second trimestr of pregnancy, different age and education, where was suspection of differency in nutrition. The study took place in the period of March to October 2006. Data were processed by NutriDan computer system. First part of my work is on theory basis.In this part I was mainly concerned by intake of lipids, sacharids, proteins and overall energy intake during pregnancy. I was mainly concerned in individual cases on their lack or overlap on individual woman during pregnancy. The results of such measurements are listed in second part of my diploma work. Volumes show, that intake of lipids, sacharides and proteins are relative equal to recommended daily dose for pregnant women in...
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The evaluation of energetic expenditure in pregnancy.
Němcová, Barbora ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Background: Energy expenditure in pregnancy of Czech women is a lowly explorer part of energy metabolism. Objektive: The purpose of this study was to estimate total energy expenditure in Czech pregnant women in gravidity and to compare our values with values presented in foreign literature. Design: Energy expenditure was estimated in 137 Czech women. Total energy expenditure was estimated from filling date each activities, which pregnant women filled to questionnaires and activities missed in guestionnaires wrote to paper. Seven days activities was estimated in a specially designed program GraphPad Prism 4. As the values of total energy expenditure were considerated program values calculated multiplication factors (1,035; 1,062; 1,177 for the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. There is described also other energy characteristics - i.e.basal metabolit ratein the study Result: In our study there was total energy expenditure 2993 ± 599,6 kcal/day on average.There was seen a gradual increase total energy expenditure 2415 ± 533,9 kcal/day for first trimestr, 2719 ± 457,3 kcal/day, for second trimester and 3223 ± 586,5 kcal/day for third trimester. BMI group <19,9 was 2295 ± 239,3 kcal/day TEE, BMI group 20 - 26 was TEE 2800 ± 383,3 kcal/day and BMI group > 26 was TEE 3554 ± 532,6 kcal/day....
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