|
Pain problem in end-stage renal disease patients on chronic dialysis
DRÁBKOVÁ, Iveta
ABSTRACT Nursing from its foundation links humanization requirements and professionalism. The profession of a nurse as a provider of care is also connected with ethical requirements. To ensure quality nursing care the nurse must not only have expert knowledge, skills, competency but also the ability to deal with people, to cooperate, to learn, to teach and lead her co-workers, to negotiate and to think ethically. The objective of the thesis was to find out the awareness of nurses about the issue of pain in dialyzed patients in the course of their basic disease, i.e. chronic renal failure and also to find out if nurses monitor the pain of patients. Another objective was to find out if nurses record the pain of chronically dialyzed patients into medical records and in what way is the pain recorded in themedical records. We focused also on satisfaction of patients with the nurse´s attitude to their pain and what they expect from nurses in terms of their pain management. Four hypotheses were stated in the quantitative part of the research. In the first hypothesis we assumed that nurses have knowledge of possible presence of pain in chronically dialyzed patients. The first hypothesis was confirmed. In the second hypothesis we assumed that nurses do not have knowledge about options of treatment in these patients. This hypothesis was rejected. In the third hypothesis we assumed that nurses monitor pain in chronically dialyzed patients. This hypothesis was confirmed. In the fourth hypothesis we assumed that nurses record pain into medical records. This hypothesis was rejected. In the qualitative part of the research the aim was to find out if attention is given to specific pain of chronically dialyzed patients in the medical records. A hypothesis resulted from the research: Attention is not given to specific pain of chronically dialyzed patients in the medical records. Furthermore, we tried to find out if the patients are satisfied with the attitude of nurses. From the answers of interviewed patients emerged a finding that vast majority of them was satisfied with the attitude of the nurses. A hypothesis was stated: Patients are satisfied with the attitude of nurses to their pain. The last hypothesis of the qualitative part of the research was formulated from the answers of the patients to a question what they expect from nurses in terms of management of their pain. A hypothesis was stated based on the results of the answers: Patients expect a sensitive and positive attitude from the nurses w treating their problems.
|
| |
| |
| |
|
The Patients´ Intimacy Problem during the Preoperating Preparation and the Transport to the Operating theatre on the Orthopaedic clinic.
FERENCZOVÁ, Romana
The bachelor thesis is specialized in the intimacy of the patients during pre-operative preparations and movement to the operating theatre in the orthopedic department. The thesis is also specialized in the nurses?s behavior which these activities are doing. The intimacy is still discussed topic. It is the conflict of the right of patient to privacy and the effort of medical staff members to the best pre-operative preparations and subsequent movement on the operating theatre. In spite of the big efforts of medical staff members there are the situations which cause the shyness and the shame of patients. The main reason is time pressure which is exerts on the medical staff members. The disruption of the intimacy can be caused by the wrong communication between the nurse and the patient but also between the staff themselves. Every patient is individuality and therefore there is not possible to set one standard working procedure which solves this situation. The main objective of this thesis was to find out how the intimacy of patients during pre-operative preparation is secured and to study possibilities of the ensuring intimacy during movement to the operating theatre. The next objective was to find out during which activities (performances) during pre-operative preparations the intimacy used to be frequently devastated. The data were obtained within qualitative research from two non-standard interviews. One type of interview was done with seven randomly chosen patients of the orthopedic department. The second one was done with seven nurses working in the medical facility. One of the nurses is working in the operating theatre. The nurses from the inpatient ward were asked if they respect the patient´s intimacy consistently than the nurses in the operating theatre. They were also asked if there is difference in observance of patient´s intimacy during pre-operative preparations in the scheduled operating performance and urgent performance. The objectives of the bachelor thesis were fulfilled. During interviews there was found out that the disruption of the intimacy was most often realized during movement to the operating theatre. The identified results will be provided to the management of the medical facility to create the standard for the securing of the patients intimacy on the operating theatre.
|
|
Molecular factors of artherogenesis in chronic kidney disease with experimental model of chronic inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthesis and its Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitoin
Lecian, Dalibor ; Matouš, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Tesař, Vladimír (referee) ; Zadražil, Josef (referee)
The experimental part of the thesis covered the markers involved in nitric oxide deficiency model in rats. The analogue of arginine N-nitro- L -arginine-methyl ester ( L -NAME) was used. L -NAME administration resulted in sustained elevation of BP, decreased GFR, and in higher albuminuria compared to control animals. The administration of hypolipidemic drug - atorvastatin to Wistar rats was studied. The statin used caused lower albuminuria and prevented decreases in GFR in L -NAME rats without having an impact on hypertension. CAV1 protein expression was similar in all groups of rats. In contrast, VEGF expression and RhoA activity was increased in L -NAME-treated animals, and normalized with coadministration of atorvastatin. Clinical part of the thesis focused on the analysis of markers of oxidative stress in obese and non-obese patients with CKD and after kidney transplantation. The patients with CKD had elevated serum concentrations of AGEs, sRAGE and ADMA with the maximal concentrations of AGEs in the patients on hemodialysis. The successful kidney transplantation decreases the AGEs, sRAGE and ADMA concentrations but not to normal value according to general population. Patients with obesity exhibited lower concentrations of sRAGE in CKD as a protective factor for cardiovascular disease. Concentrations of...
|
|
Development of tool for passive immunization of cystic fibrosis patients
Pacholíková, Lenka ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Švédová, Martina (referee)
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common heriditary diseases. This congenital condition, caused by CFTR gene mutation, affects gastrointestinal and respiratory system especially. The affection of respiratory system is considered the most serious life-threatening symptom. Pacients suffer from reccurent infections proceeding to the development of chronic inflammation and progressive pulmonary tissue destruction. A typical specific microoganism colonizating pulmonary tissue of thouse suffering from CF is recognised as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pulmonary infections caused by this microorganism are the most often cause of death in patients suffering from CF. Antiobiotics are the first-line therapy of this condition currently. Nevertheless, the need to find alternatives occurs due to antibiotics resistance development. Passive immunization by specific hen-egg-yolk antibodies against P. aeruginosa is a possible alternative. An observation of IgY influence on a bacterial adhesion to pulmonary epithelial cells required an appropriate model. In this context an appropriate adhesion testing method based on P. aeruginosa and pulmonary epithelial cells visualisation was searched. At first bacterial cells labelling was tested by CellTracker, resazurin, FITC and consequently PKH 26. P. aeruginosa fluorescent...
|
| |
|
Possibilities of physical therapy in patients with chronic form of respiratory diseases at the pulmonary disease sanatorium
Švehlová, Eliška ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to prove that active techniques of respiratory physiotherapy together with aerosol inhalations contribute effectively to treatment of acute and chronic respiratory problems and also to prove that this therapy increases patient's motivation to realize the importance and effectiveness of respiratory exercises . Benefits of above-mentioned therapy influence patient's professional life. Quality of life has also impact on family and social relationships of respective patient. The aim is to prove the importance of pulmonary rehabilitation as a complex and multidisciplinary program of care for patients with chronic respiratory disease. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
| |
guest ::
