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Orofacial Stimulation for People with Cerebral Diseases
Brůhová, Zuzana ; Matolínová, Vendula (advisor) ; Stančáková, Zuzana (referee)
Communication is an importatnt ability for establishing social relations which are precondition for the establishment of comunity, civilization or culture. With the fine richly innervated muscel of the face we are able to alter our expression by a wide variety of very small movements. Together with movement of the head, facial expression is a prime communicator. We use both constantly to support what we are saying or to replace speech together at certain times. Through minute changes we can express pleasure, disbelief, love, disapproval etc. Graduation theses is focused at the method of orofacial stimulation used in physiotheraphy. In the theoretical part are analysed the deseases with problems in the area of the face and mouth. Next we can find character of individual methods using in fhysiotheraphy. In the practical part we use informations from the theoretical part. The method of orofacial stimulation was applicated and used for people with cerebral diseases and the efficiency of this method was found out.
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We Survived! We Testify! The Reflection of Concentration Camps from the View of Professional Literature and Memories of the Eyewitnesses
BAROŠOVÁ, Jitka
The first part of this work includes basic information about concentration camps, their development, environment in which the prisoners lived, problems they had to face in the concentration camps, their classification and a psychological description of the behaviour of both the prisoners and their captors. In the first part I also describe the situation of that time, from the Munich agreement to the Liberation, and the occupation as perceived by the Czech population. The second part comprises personal memories of the people who lived through those times in their original form without any alterations. The reason for this was that every life story, every testimony is unique and it provides an insight into the way of life and feelings which vary from story to story. If I had adapted the text of the memories, I would not have been able to achieve such a powerful effect as with the original text. In conclusion I present not only the memories of the survivors but I also publish some correspondence, secret messages which were sent by one of the many victims of the Nazi terror.
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Lyndon B. Johnson as a Political Person
Rudyšar, Rudolf ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
After World War II, states throughout the world strived for a more just society. In relation to this, the United States of America faced serious difficulties and riots in the 1960's, which sometimes bordered with the state of a civil war. Inland safety was however not the only issue during this period of time, as USA engaged in the process of altering internal affairs of other countries. This was mainly the US involvement in the Vietnam War, which to this day is one of the most controversial chapters of US history. The historical position of Lyndon Johnson in both internal and international affairs, his political and personal profile, his development of opinions on key historical events bring a variety of questions to anyone who deeply studies US history of the 20th century. Both current and retrospective documents bring different views, logically influenced by the time of their origin. The main goal of this thesis is to gather the widest possible spectrum of opinions, which are however mainly inconsistent or negative towards the presidency of Lyndon Johnson, and to evaluate his political views and his crucial decisions in the light of the current world and knowledge of history we have to this day.
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Reflection of the motif of homosexuality in Cuban exile literature
Škodová, Denisa ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
This essay deals wi th the reflection of the motif of homosexuality in Cuban exile literature, with special focus on the work by the authors of the so called "Mariel generation~. The beginning of the essay explains the perception of the motif of homosexuality in literary and historical context. The most relevant conclusion of this part is the fact that despite the existence of this topic for centuries, it colud be finally freely depicted in the 1950s in the 20th cen tury . Thus, i t does not mean any "new" li terature, but a theme which is reflected in new conditions. Stili, towards the end of the 20th cen tury , after AIDS is disovered, the theme has to face again some signs of social refusal. The key sources in this part have been the works by Gregory Woods and Václav Jamek. The essay then analyzes the motif of homosexuality in Cuban li terature, focusing on authors who wrote about homosexuali ty and thus influenced the authors of the Mariel generation i.e. José Lezama Lima, Virgilio Pifiera or Guillermo Cabrera Infante. It also explains the opressive attitude of the Cuban regime towards homosexual individuals. To understand the work of the Mariel generation, the essay presents in more details the problems wi th i ts denomination and criteria to belong to this group. The figures of literary criticism do...
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Perception of sport in persons with walking disability
JELÍNKOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor work focuses on sport activities of physically handicapped part of population. The choice of this theme is narrowly connected with my job, where I work with disabled people on everyday bases and I try to return them into active life by physical exercising. Sport is recommended to those who are physically stronger as a medical treatment and I can see that this activity can make these people smile despite the difficult situation they are facing. In the introduction there is briefly compared past and present attitude to sport activities of physically disabled people. Whole work is divided into a theory part and research part. The theory part is divided into 4 chapters. The first charter explains the general term of disability, about disability from the health and social point of view. It is also about causes and different kinds of these disabilities and the possible tools of compensation. The first charter explains the general term of disability, about disability from the health and social point of view. It is also about causes and different kinds of these disabilities and the possible tools of compensation. The second chapter is focused on disabled children and sport activities for this age group. First 3 years of life are the most important for development of movement; it is especially focused on infants and toddlers. The third charter pays attention to received disabilities in adulthood. I point out what it means for these people and what it is about in this age. I mention organizations where those can attend sport activities to improve their health condition. The fourth charter is about sport. It briefly describes development of sport, what it means to people and what it brings. I divide sport activities of handicapped population to rehabilitation, free time and Professional. There is also described how it began in The Czech Republic and abroad. In the final I mention some kinds of organizations in The Czech Republic that provide sport activities for physically disabled people and specify what activities they offer. The research part is focused on qualitative research, which was done by narrative interview with 6 respondents. The aim was to find the key factors that influenced lives of physically disabled people in the connection with sport. The research is focused on the difference of attitude those who are disabled since childhood and those who became disabled in adulthood. The research is focused on the difference of attitude those who are disabled since childhood and those who became disabled in adulthood. I tried to select those respondents who differ a lot. I made analyze of narrative interview and sports which were those respondents interested in, or sports they would like to take up in the future. Five categories were made during this analysis, which I called: Attitude to sport, Why to sport, Negatives, Beginnings of sport, Family. The research has shown that they are several factors that influence the attitude of people to sport. I found out that there is different attitude to sports of those who are disabled since young age and those who became disabled as adults.
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Education of women in the postpartum period
BĚHANOVÁ, Věra
This bachelor's thesis addresses patient education for postpartum women upon discharge from the hospital to a home environment. The section on theory contains a definition of the terms education, pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. The postpartum period is divided into physiological and pathological aspects. The changes a woman undergoes in the physiological postpartum period are divided into repair, involutional, hormonal, extragenital and lactation. The physical changes involve areas on which the women need to receive thorough instruction from the birth assistant, primarily regarding lifestyle changes during the postpartum period. Two goals were set up for the research section. The first was to determine how birth assistants educate women in the labor and delivery ward upon discharge to home care. The second was to determine whether the women made use of the information concerning the postpartum period. These goals raised three questions for research. Research question 1: In what areas do birth assistants educate women upon discharge to home care? Research question 2: What information was most important for women upon discharge to home care? Research question 3: What information did women lack during the patient education? The research part of the bachelor's thesis was carried out in the qualitative form of an investigation. The data was collected in the form of a semi-structured interview. The data acquired was analyzed by marking the text in various colors and then creating the main semantic categories and subcategories. Two research sets were put together. The first research set was made up of six birth assistants working on a maternity ward in a Prague hospital. The second research set was made up of 12 mothers who gave birth in the same hospital, stayed in the maternity ward, and had completed the six-week postpartum period. For greater objectivity the mothers selected were primiparas who could not draw on previous postpartum experiences. The answers from the birth assistants were arranged in one category (Education upon Discharge) and five subcategories (Areas of Education, Method of Education, Obstacles to Education, Importance of Education, Home Visits). The answers from the respondents (women after the six-week postpartum period is over) were also put into one category (Information Provided to Women) and eight subcategories (Expectations, Sources of Information, Areas of Education, Methods of Education, Evaluation of Education, Missing Information and Acquiring Missing Information, Need for Assistance, Opinion on Home Visits). The research showed that although birth assistants are aware of the importance of patient education and stated that they provide patient education on all areas necessary, the respondents received little to no information in certain areas. The problems they faced in the six-week postpartum period concerned breastfeeding and this was the very topic where the information provided to the mothers was most insufficient. This was because in the hospital where the research took place, breastfeeding is the exclusive responsibility of the pediatric nurses, so the birth assistants mostly leave patient education in this area to a pediatric nurse or pediatrician, who also provides patient education to mothers when discharging the infants. All birth assistants should give at least basic information on breastfeeding when providing patient education and give the mothers contact information for if they encounter difficulties in breastfeeding (e.g. the Czech National Breastfeeding Hotline, www.kojeni.cz). The output of this thesis is a brochure with information on the postpartum period, which women can take with them after being discharged to home care, and a patient education card which helps birth assistants with the education.
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Professional interpreter in the 21st century: new technologies and social networks
Stoklasová, Hedvika ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Mraček, David (referee)
The topic of this master's thesis is new technologies and social networking sites in the field of interpreting. The theoretical part discusses how, over the course of time, technological advances have altered not only the face of interpreting itself but also the way interpreters work, and presented them with new possibilities. This part also briefly deals with the history and functioning of social networks, namely Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn and examines the possibilities social networking sites offer in terms of marketing. The empirical part presents conclusions drawn from the study. The purpose of the study was to determine general tendencies in the use of new technologies and social networks by Czech interpreters. The questionnaire distributed online focused mainly on the following points: ownership of smartphones and tablets, awareness of technical novelties in interpreting, use of social networks for professional and marketing purposes. A total of 150 people took part in the study. The analysis of collected answers revealed that the number of tablet or smartphone owners amongst the participants is quite high, that participants are skeptical towards nontraditional ways of interpreting and that interpreters use social networking sites rather for communicating within the interpreting community...
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Perception of anxiety by infants
Zradičková Šafránková, Karla ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
Feelings of fear inevitably belong to our lives - they accompany us from birth up to death. Although fear is generally perceived highly negatively, it is a human's helpful companion, and an utterly natural phenomenon. This thesis deals with description of principles of fear perception of pre-school children and strategies of coping with situations, in which these children have to face their fears. In particular we observe what are today's pre-school children afraid of, and what are the strategies which help to successfully cope with their fears based on. This thesis consists of two sections. In the theoretical section, we aim to define the concepts of fear and of the closely related anxiety. We also deal with concepts of this emotion according to various psychological schools, and we describe the relation of fear emotion to individual ontogeny. We as well briefly mention regulation of emotions and coping strategies. In the empirical section, we analyze results of employed methods, and find mutual relations between them. For the purpose of accomplishment of the above mentioned objectives, we have developed a group program, consisting of several consecutive tasks. The program comprises of a short semi-structured interview, the "group thermometer" method, drawing on designated subject matter and "group...
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Socio-educational assistance to parents of infant patiens
Szmigielová, Helena ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Poláčková, Věra (referee)
Dissertation "Socio-educational assistance to parents of infant patients" maps and describes the specific needs and problems of parents of children that arise in connection with hospitalization of children and care for them. The work is theoretical in nature and is supplemented by empirical probe mapping experiences of parents of children hospitalized with the provision of care and assistance. The target of the core, analytical and descriptive part of this dissertation is to map the situation of families with seriously ill children, to name the primary problems of the current system of providing care and to highlight the possibilities for their solution. Definition of specific problems faced by parents looking after infant patients is based on empirical investigation of cases and narrative analysis of interviews with parents and is supported by conclusions of professional literary sources. The results of empirical investigation, including five case reports, are presented in the second part of this dissertation. The chapter on concrete possibilities to help parents and families of seriously ill and disabled children and also the chapter dealing with the specifics of the socio-educational action to help these families are trying to sum up the practical implications of this dissertation.
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Nurse´s Contribution to Trophotherapy of Preterm Newborns in Intensive Care.
KRČMOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis is focused on nutrition of a preterm infant at an intensive care unit from the point of view of nursing activities. A nurse is faced to problems resulting from prematurity state like insufficient sucking, poor coordination of sucking and swallowing, she enters into interaction with parents who are afraid of the life and subsequently of the future of their beloved child. Natural nutrition, preferably with breast milk is irreplaceable in spite of the high development of initial formulas. This is why the mother of the child, who is vital for the newborn?s nutrition, has to be invited into the team. A hundred per cent enteral nutrition is not always possible, parenteral method has to be applied as well. Provision, evaluation and optimization of infant?s nutrition are results of activities of the whole team, i.e. of a nurse as well. The theoretical part of the thesis contains the findings of trophotherapy of a preterm newborn. It deals with parenteral as well as enteral alimentation, its composition and administration techniques. The empiric part lists and evaluates the research results that led to replies to research questions related to nurse?s contribution to trophotherapy of a preterm newborn, to the influence of permanent nasogastric tube on breathing and mucus congestion of the nose as well as to the awareness of nutrition problems among mothers of preterm infants. Measures resulting from the research results and recommendation for further examination are proposed at the end of the thesis. A brochure Preterm Baby Nutrition designed for distribution among mothers at neonatology and perinatology departments and Recommendations for Gastric Tube Introduction belong to the outputs. We should mention that the latter is based on procedures already presented. It was extended by recommendation of the place of introduction with regard to further intention of enteral nutrition administration.
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