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Fed's Easy Money Policy during Alan Greenspan's presidency in Board of Governors (1987-2006)
Mašek, František ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The main theme of the work is the Fed's monetary policy during the time, when chairman of the Board of Governors was Alan Greenspan. The greatest attention is aimed at the influence of Fed's expansive monetary policy on the so-called dot-com bubble and later mortgage crisis, which subsequently developer into the financial crisis. Through a thorough analysis of many scientific papers written by known economists and my own analysis and evalution I opine that the effect of expansionary monetary policy on the bubble in technological assets and mortgage crisis is rather minor. Fed subordinated all actions to achieve its monetary policy objectives, so criticism of its conducted monetary policy is essentially a critique of these objectives as such. I consider the emergence of new technologies and the so-called theory of feedback as the main cause of dot-com bubble. In the mortgage crisis and subsequent financial crisis as main determinants I consider reluctance of goverment officials strongly regulate activities of investment banks and other investment companies, moral hazard, failure of rating agencies, and federal support for home ownership coupled with the deregulation of the financial sector.
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The Conclusion of a Contract under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in Comparison with Czech National Legislation
Krčálová, Kristýna ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Levý, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), better known as the Vienna Convention. The main purpose of this thesis is to evaluate conditions for application of this international treaty and to assess the contracting process under the CISG including the similarities and differences with the Czech national legislation. Finally, it seeks an answer to the question, which of these rules (international or national) are more advantageous for a Czech contractual party with respect to concluding a contract. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one represents an introduction to the CISG, its origin and the Czech Republic's attitude to it. The second part identifies the conditions for application of the CISG and therefore defines a subject and an object of an international contract of sale under the CISG. Both third and fourth parts gradually introduce two phases of the contracting process (offer and acceptance) including the relevant case-law. The last chapter strives to complete the contracting process with an analysis of the exact moment, when a contract is concluded, as well as with an analysis of a potential battle of the forms and its impact on a contract conclusion.
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Scream and Silence
Štefaňák, Ondřej ; NEBESKÝ, Jan (advisor) ; KORČÁK, Jakub (referee)
The work aims to examine the artistic expressionist tendency, manifested in expressionist drama and theater practice. In the first part, the author focuses on the origin and the direction of its general manifestations in arts and the historical context of expressionism. The author also attempts to highlight the features of expressionism in drama and contemplates the methods of expressionist artists in theater. In the second part, the author reflects his own experience of the production of an early expressionist text ''Spring’s Awakening''. He analyzes the text's dramaturgical potential and creates the basis for the theatrical production. He describes the creation of the staging as an audio-visual and scenic solution, where the particular focus is on the stylization of actors. Finally, the author tries to capture the essence of expressionism in a broader sense, as a peculiar way of expression for the artist.
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To the Surname in České Budějovice
KOPTYŠOVÁ, Jana
Subject of this thesis falls under the onomastic section, more precisely under its sub-section, antroponomastics, which is a branch specializing in origin, creation, distribution and character of names of people. In this thesis that is divided in two sections, I will research into types of surnames in the town of České Budějovice. The first section is theoretical and shortly introduces the development of surnames since their origin. The second section is practical ? investigative and addresses their concrete zoning in České Budějovice. As a part of the practical section there is also a synopsis of surnames divided in several groups based on a variety of criteria. At the end of the thesis there is an index of surnames in alphabet order containing also the exact pages with their appearance.
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Lifestyle of patients with peripheral arterial disease before and after surgery
REZKOVÁ, Helena
Theoretical background: Peripheral arterial disease is a serious disease of Loir limb arteries which originates from atherosclerosis. The theoretical part deals with the lifestyle. There are mentioned basic risk factors of chronic forms. Further described are the pathophysiology changes generated on the basis of atherosclerosis and related causes for the origin of the disease. Subsequently there are explained methods of classification, developed clinical symptoms, diagnosis and therapy. This section also looks at the role of a nurse in the care of patients with peripheral arterial disease. Objectives: The aim of this work was to evaluate how patients with peripheral arterial disease changed their lifestyle after invasive vascular surgery. There were provided the following research questions: How do patients with peripheral arterial disease approach to the prevention of risk factors? What is in patients with peripheral arterial disease the main impuls for the possible change of their lifestyle? What influences surgery patient's attitude to risk factors for peripheral arterial disease? How crucial is a lifestyle change in patients after surgery for peripheral arterial disease? Methods: The theoretical part is processed using expert sources. The empirical part of the theses was processed using qualitative research. The chosen technique for data collection was semi-structured interviews with patients, with prepared open questions. The research was done in several phases - the first interview was conducted at the patient admission department (before surgery), followed by the next phase after three months, and 6 months after surgery. The interviews were recorded on a prepared form, then transcribed into electronic form and analyzed by open coding method. Results: The research showed that surgery can sometimes be triggered by changes in the patient's lifestyle. The first interviews in the preoperative period focused on how respondents felt, what was their lifestyle before surgery for atherosclerotic changes of the lower extremities. One of the questions was focused on patient knowledge about risk factors for the development of PAD and possible prevention. The second phase of interviews took place 3 months after the surgery. It dealt with the question about the respndents´ lifestyle, the respondents in the postoperative period, whether there were any changes. Some positive changes occurred in eating and there were some changes in doing physical activity. The third stage was carried out six months after surgery, again in order to detect changes in lifestyle. Minor changes came in smoking habits, the issue of diet and physical aktivity. Questions were also focused on the psychological level. We found out who helped patients and what was most motivating in implementing changes. In the conclusion/summing up question the patients marked themselves ow they managed to make a change. Conclusion: The number of patients with peripheral arterial disease and other cardiovascular diseases is increasing. The basis is the start to modify risk factors, namely tobacco use,dietary habits, physical activity. The medical staff members participate on changes in patients´ lifestyle by appropriate education. The problem occurs when the patient despite the support of close people can not cope to carry a twist in their life. There should a medical staff member offer a professional help to deal with this important step. Practical use: The aim is to draw attention to the expansion of education about lifestyle changes for patients diagnosed with PAD also in the postoperative period. Patients who are released to home care should receive enough information that would convince them to change their attitude towards their health, and that surgery is only one of the ways to prevent further attacks and complications. Results can improve communication with patients and focus on increasing their awareness and possibly offer assistance.
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Efficiency of measures that support establishment of new producer groups in the Czech Rebublic, Slovakia and Poland
Kotyza, Pavel ; Tomšík, Karel (advisor) ; Rosochatecká, Eva (referee)
Presented dissertation theses is focused on evaluation of efficiency of public support to agricultural producer group establishment. Historical development of agricultural sector influenced the difference of Czechoslovakian and Polish agriculture. Despite the differences, governments of the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland decided to provide public support for newly established producer groups after EU accession. Main aim of this analyses is to compare how money were provided to newly established producer groups in above mentioned countries and to assess efficiency of spend money. Main part of the theses is focused on measures provided during part of the first postaccession Programming Period 2004 when 2006. Between 2007 and 2013, support was provided only in Poland and Slovakia, the Czech Republic did not used the opportunity to open measure for new entities.
Own analytical part is focused on measure evaluation through subject identification. Supported subjects were examined whether they follow main conditions of recognition or whether they fulfil main theoretical prerequisite for operation as marketing cooperative. Subject examination was based on own methodology that was developed on the bases of literature overview. Evaluation was based following indicators (i) share of marketed production on the total agricultural output of the country; (ii) market share on the relevant market and created value added.
Results of the theses indicate, that part of supported producer groups were established solely in order to gain easy access to public money. Groups share on relevant market is negligible, goals of market concentration were not met. Groups value added is low. This fact is mainly caused by observed characteristics groups often does not own any investment assets, does not have any employees. After receiving last payment, groups were closed, transformed into other business activity or its ownership structure were changed In the Czech Republic. In Poland, established groups reach the lowest significant market share, subjects were closed and reestablished to source subsequent support. Slovak groups that reached on support from Programming Period 2007 when 2013 evince negative value added as their trading margin was negligible or null.
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Czech Radio as a public entity with specific mission
Stiborová, Eva ; Kadlecová, Eva (advisor) ; Mráčková, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the Czech Radio as a public entity. If and how it fulfill it's specific mission and also it speaks a little about it's financing. It consists of a theoretical part and practical part.
The theoretical part is devoted to the introduction to the legal regulations which are closely connected with this theme. There are analyzed the laws relating to radio and television broadcasts, on Czech Radio, the Copyright Act, the Civil Code and, last but not least, the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.
The practical or analytical part is focused on individual radio stations of the Czech Radio and especially on what they bring to their audience. This part also deals with various types of revenues of the Czech Radio and it analyzes annual reports from 2003 to 2014. It describes the realized projects from the Czech Radio to the public. And also proposes a separate project that addresses the issue of social exclusion of the inmates and how could Czech Radio help with solving this problem.
The questionnaire survey of this work finds answers to questions about the media in general and how they are different types of these media preferred. Furthermore, it specifically addresses the audience ratings and attractiveness of the Czech Radio, but also whether the public perceives him as a credible, objective and balanced source of information.
Keywords: Czech Radio, public service, mission, subject, evolution, legislation, financing, characteristic, listener, radio, broadcasting
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Tumor proliferation of mammary gland in bitches
Musilová, Lucie ; Rajmon, Radko (advisor) ; Dita, Dita (referee)
Thanks to breeders' and veterinary care, dogs' age is increasing, which results in proportional increase in diseases, including cancer. Mammary gland cancer is the most common oncologic problem in bitches.
Development of neoplasms is affected by endogenous factors (for example hormones), and exogenous factors also (radiation, carcinogenic substances, etc.). These factors cause mutations, which affects the formation of cancer growth.
We divide tumours on true and false ones. False tumours are e.g. cysts. True tumours are either benign or malignant, which create daughter centres called metastasis. Malignant tumours bear worse prognosis than benign tumours. Metastasis and tumours affect inidividual's organism by e.g. negative effect on organ function. Individual can stimulate tumours by e.g. hormone secretion.
Tumour classification is important because of determining the right treatment and prognosis for the future. Classification is divided in three parts: typing, grading, staging. Typing divides tumours into groups by their effect on tissues, or by individual tumours. Grading divides tumour by level of their differentiation. Staging classifies tumours by TNM, where T defines tumour's size, N defines level of lymphatics invasion and M defines metastasis formation.
Mamary gland function is divided in three physiological phases: mammary gland development, lactation and galactopoesis. Mammary gland is probably modified sweat gland. Lactation is affected by hormone prolactin, which supports mammary gland development. Galactopoesis is state, which maintains lactation. It's important to prevent stress in this phase, because stress hormones block oxytocin, so milk ejection isn't coming about.
Effect of hormones also change by estrous cycle phase. In bitch, there are those phases: proestrus, estrus, diestrus and anestrus. Estrous cycle deffects can occur and those deffects can cause so called false pregnancy. This state can result in diseases like pyometra or mastitis.
Etiopathogenesis of mammary tumours is affected by two kind of factors, endogenous and exogenous. Prevention is also important, this includes more quality care and feed. Another important prevention can be adequate exercise and potential sterilisation of the female. If the animal is already ill, then there is important to discuss it with veterinarian and start treatment as soon as possible. Firt method of treatment is surgical, which is divided by mammary gland invasion. Other method is chemotherapy, which is becoming more and more frequent as support treatment method after surgery. Third method is called radiological. It's relatively new type of therapy, but it is, unfortunately, still relatively expensive. Last method is called hormonal. Again, it is used usually as support treatment after surgical removal of the tumour.
There are used many diagnostic methods for clinical evaluation of mammary gland tumours, e.g. cytology, USG, RTG. Prognosis determination and post-surgical care is also important. Main complication is disease recurrence, which is more frequently occuring in malignant tumours than in benign tumours.
Most important is prevention and treatment start as soon as possible after diagnosis assesment. It is appropriate to not to burden breeding bitch with frequent litters, or let veterinarian perform ovariohysterectomy (OHE) on bitch, which is not used for breeding. Ovariohysterectomy reduces probability of development of this disease.It is very important for breeder to regularly check mammary gland by palpation and immediately visit veterinarian with every change or lump.
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The issue of labour costs and benefits
Kolínová, Veronika ; Šišková, Jitka (advisor) ; Lörinczová, Enikö (referee)
This bachelor project deals with The issue of labour costs and benefits. It is divided into two parts: The theoretical and the practical. At the beginning, the theoretical part explains employment relations. It means creation and termination of employment, the agreement to perform work and agreement to complete a job. Then the theoretical part is about wages, where are describes their forms like a time wage, work wage and brokerage commission and the term gross wage including its fixed and movable parts is explained here. The health insurance, social insurance and tax on personal income is included of this topic. It shows the calculation of the amount for wage and billing of the most used transactions which are related with the labour costs. The employee benefits including their structuring are in the end of the theoretical part.
The practical part is applied to the T.P.C.A. company, where the offered benefits are introduced like a services for employees, financial remunerations and the freetime activities. The most interesting benefits for the employees were detected by the questionnare survey. Employees were choosing benefits for current employment and the most interesting benefits for employees which were prefered before the start of the employment. The benefits, which are the least desirable were detected too. Therefore, these benefits are the least motivating. The optimal solution for employer is suggested by the using these results. It is the proposal for the improving conditions of benefits and then it is the proposal of the new benefits by the employees.
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