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Nonlinear modeling of stable crack growth
Brumek, J. ; Strnadel, B. ; Dlouhý, Ivo
This paper presents numerical study to predict crack growth rate under fatigue loading in a high pressure cylinder wall made of high strength steel. Experimental fatigue crack growth data on three point bending test samples. were applied to simulate and predict crack growth process using detailed three dimensional parametric finite elements models. The fatigue crack propagation was based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and stress intensity factor determination. Finite element model provides results of crack growth analysis optimized for the stress levels of operating pressure level. Results are plotted on a-N. Results were compared with an experimental fatigue test.
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Ellipsometry of Thin Films
Novotný, Zbyněk ; Navrátil, Karel (referee) ; Nebojsa, Alois (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with ageing process of thin films of Co and Cu on Si substrate, prepared by the IBAD method. The process of film ageing, which depends on time of exposition to the atmosphere at room conditions, was investigated with spectroscopic ellipsometry (VIS+UV) and atomic force microscopy. In case of thin Co films, approximately four days long incubation period was observed. During this time period, a change in the optical parameters of the film occurs without a measurable change of the film topography. Using non-contact atomic force microscopy, a growth of the transitional film in the island growth regime was observed. During the ageing of thin Cu films, two stages of growth of the transitional layer were observed - nucleation stage and growth stage. Both of these time periods of the transitional layer growth show direct logarithmic dependence. Using non-contact atomic force microscopy, the growth of the transitional film was observed. Using atomic force microscopy in non-contact regime, time dependent measurement was done and the process of forming of one monolayer of the transitional layer was documented. Within the diploma thesis, a series of experiments on ultra high vacuum system were performed in order to investigate phase transformation of thin Fe films (22 monolayers) on Cu(100) stabilized by CO absorption. The transformation from fcc phase to bcc phase was induced by Ar+ ion beam bombardment with the ion energy in the range (0.5-4) keV. The process of phase transformation was observed by surface magneto-optic Kerr effect, Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction.
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The role of ATM in breast cancer
Soukupová, Jana ; Pohlreich, Petr (advisor) ; Souček, Pavel (referee) ; Foretová, Lenka (referee)
Incidence of breast cancer is continuously increasing in the Czech Republic. Tumor development is a result of gene alterations'accumulation, particulary associated with genes involved in regulation of cell growth and division. Hereditary carcinomas account for approximately 5-10% of all breast tumors and in 60-80% cases are caused by a germline mutation in the major predisposition genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. Nevertheless, other genes, mostly of lower penetrance, may play a role in breast pathogenesis such as the ATM tumor-suppressor gene. ATM is the apex of the repair pathway of DSB. This protein kinase activates through phosphorylation of its substrates cell cycle checkpoints, which leads either to the delay of the cell cycle progression until DSB are repaired or to the promotion of apoptosis. To sum up, the ATM gene seems to have a role in breast cancer development in a minority of the high-risk families in our population which is significantly lower compared to BRCA1/2 and it also seems to be involved in pathogenesis of sporadic breast cancer. Despite the ATM gene's length, we do not perform the preventive screening of this gene in breast cancer high-risk families. Nevertheless, we offer the molecular diagnostics of ATM to ataxia telangiectasia patients.
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Global Economy Outlook - October 2016
Česká národní banka
The October issue of Global Economic Outlook presents the regular monthly overview of recent and expected developments in selected territories, focusing on key economic variables: inflation, GDP growth, leading indicators, interest rates, exchange rates and commodity prices. In this issue, we focus in detail on the industrial producer price index (PPI), which, alongside the consumer price index (CPI), is a key indicator of inflation on the production side of the economy. We also explain the specifics of the PPI, especially in the EU, and present a model simulation indicating the sensitivity of the PPI to a change in oil prices.
Fulltext:  PDF; PDF
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Behavior of thermo-visco-elastic material 42-809 for production of vibrodamping segments - Part I
Svoboda, Jaroslav ; Pešek, Luděk ; Fröhlich, Vladislav ; Vaněk, František ; Klášterka, Petr ; Cibulka, Jan
The report deals with the first results of rubber segment properties for vibrodamping of tram wheels. There are presented static and dynamic characteristics of force and deformation, changes of stiffness, temperature and loss factor with respect to number of cycles. In addition the growth of permanent deformation, lost of recovery, relaxation phenomena etc.
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Rozložení energie v kavitační bublině během jejího růstu a kolapsu
Müller, M. ; Maršík, František ; Garen, W.
Shock wave generation during the bubble growth and collapse and the corresponding energy separation were investigated experimentally. The calculation of the shock wave energy was based on the experimentally determined shock wave velocity profile. The possibility of using the similarity solution to determine the shock wave intensity is discussed. The velocity field around the collapsing bubble was visualized and compared with the numerical simulation using the commercial FLUENT code.
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A NEW DAWN OF NAMING, ADDRESSING AND ROUTING ON THE INTERNET
Veselý, Vladimír ; Muntan,, Jordi Perelló (referee) ; Grasa, Eduard (referee) ; Day, John (referee) ; Švéda, Miroslav (advisor)
Internet roku 2015 se potýká s problémy, které jsou důsledky špatného designu pojmenovávání a adresování v TCP/IP a jež mají přeneseny vliv i na škálovatelnost směrování. Problémy jako růst páteřních směrovacích tabulek, neefektivní multihoming sítí či mobilita zařízení a mnohé další zadávají k otázce, jestli není třeba architekturu Internetu pozměnit. V teoretické části je kvantifikován dopad problémů, možná řešení a zejména je formálně definována teorie kompilujicí poznatky významných publikací zabývajících se problematikou pojmenování, adresování a směrování v počítačových sítí. Tato práce se zabývá dvěma konkrétními technologiemi, jež mají ambicí Internet měnit - Locator/Id Separation Protocol a Recursive InterNetwork Architecture. Výstupem práce jsou vylepšení funkcionality obou výše zmíněných technologií. Za účelem praktického ověření dopadů našeho výzkumu jsou vyvinutý a popsány nové simulační modely pro OMNeT++, které jsou věrné úrovni detailu popisu ze specifikací.
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The proposal of a road network plan in a complex land consolidation project
ZÍDKOVÁ, Eva
The diploma work is concerned on evaluation of the existing road network in complex land consolidation Plav. The aim of this work was to design reconstructions of existing roads and construction of new field roads and evaluate necessary appropriation of land. Further aim is to design a plan of additional arrangements {--} outplanting of attendant growth, drains e.g. and evaluate the role of road network in soil protection from erosion. The cadastral ground Plav has 510 hectares and is situated approximately 8 km far from České Budějovice. Field survey focused on road network as an integral part and basis for evaluation of real state of analysed area. The road network in analysed area is insuffiecient. Low density of road network, unsatisfactory technical state, neglected or missing attendant growth demand a lot of arrangements. Many reconstructions and constructions of new roads were planed.
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Effect of high temperatures and different water regimes on selected winter wheat varieties above-ground biomass production
Hlaváčová, M. ; Klem, Karel ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Trnka, Miroslav
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of high temperatures and soil water scarcity during anthesis on the above-ground biomass allocation of the two winter wheat varieties (Bohemia and Pannonia). The six growth chambers were used to simulate heat stress conditions within following gradient of temperature maxima: 26°C (control chamber), 29, 32, 35, 38 and 41°C. The relative humidity (RH) course and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity were controlled via protocols. Additionally, drought stressed (Dry) and well-watered (Wet) treatments were established within each growth chamber. The plants were removed from the growth chambers after 14 days and they were left until a full maturity, exposed to ambient weather conditions. The spike productivities of the main spikes and harvest indices (HI) of the main spikes were evaluated for particular treatments within both winter wheat varieties after harvest.
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Application of metallic materials for selective growth
Němeček, Tomáš ; Rezek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Čechal, Jan (advisor)
The Si(100) surface and Ga surface phases up to 1 ML on their oxidation have been studied by XPS and LEED. The selective growth of Ga on the SiO2/Si structures fabricated by EBL has been analyzed using SEM and AFM methods. It was proved that Ga clusters grow in structures beside the oxide. The structure of alumina on Ni3Al(111) and NiAl(110) substrates was fully determined by combining the results of STM measurements and DFT simulations. It was determined the alumina/NiAl(110) does not form a suitable template for ordered Fe and Co clusters growth. However, the next research confirmed the alumina/Ni3Al(111) forms template appropriate to clusters growth purpose.
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