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Makroekonomický dopad mateřské (a rodičovské) dovolené ve srovnání České Republiky s Brazílií
Kalkusová, Marie ; De Castro, Tereza (advisor) ; Neumann, Pavel (referee)
This thesis aims to estimate the macroeconomic impact of maternity and parental/paternal leave in the Czech Republic and Brazil. In addition, the thesis stresses out the costs of Czech model application to Brazil and vice-versa. The first chapter brings a theoretical framework. It compares the analyzed policies in both countries and introduces the relevant terms. The second chapter estimates the costs of maternity and parental/paternal leave related to public expenditure and GDP for the years 2005-2014 and brings own simulation model for Czech model application to Brazil and vice-versa. The third chapter analyses the inefficiencies and suggest possible mitigation. The results show the costs of 0.71% of GDP and 1.66% of public expenditure in the Czech Republic and 0.50% GDP and 2.27% of public expenditure in Brazil in 2014. The Czech model applied in Brazil would be very costly and the opposite scenario would lead to the decrease of macroeconomic burden in the Czech Republic. The thesis also analyzes the influence of maternal and parental leave in other areas, such as labor market, where the current structure may penalize Czech women in long term. By this analysis, the thesis contributes to the current debate about the impact, the length and costs of maternity and parental leave.
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Use of Interest Rate Models for Interest Rate Risk Management in the Czech Financial Market Environment
Cíchová Králová, Dana ; Arlt, Josef (advisor) ; Cipra, Tomáš (referee) ; Witzany, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to interest rate risk modeling in the Czech financial market environment in various situations. Three distinct periods are analyzed. These periods, which are the period before the global financial crisis, period during the financial crisis and in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and calming subsequent debt crisis in the eurozone, are characterized by different evaluation of liquidity and credit risk, different relationship between financial variables and market participants and different degree of market regulations. Within this goal, an application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment is crucial. Use of the BGM model for the purpose of predicting a dynamics of a yield curve is not very common. This is firstly due to the fact that primary use of this model is a valuation of interest rate derivatives while ensuring the absence of arbitrage and secondly its application is relatively difficult. Nevertheless, I apply the BGM model to obtain predictions of the probability distributions of interest rates in the Czech and eurozone market environment, because its complexity, direct modeling of a yield curve based on market rates and especially a possibility of parameter estimation based on current swaptions volatilities quotations may lead to a significant improvement of predictions. This improvement was also confirmed in this thesis. Use of swaptions volatilities market quotations is especially useful in the period of unprecedented mone- tary easing and increased number of central banks and other regulators interventions into financial markets that occur after the financial crisis, because it reflects current market expectations which also include future interventions. As a consequence of underdevelopment of the Czech financial market there are no market quotations of Czech koruna denominated swaptions volatilities. I suggest their approximations based on quotations of euro denominated swaptions volatilities and also using volatilities of koruna and euro forward rates. Use of this approach ensures that predictions of the Czech yield curve dynamics contain current market expectations. To my knowledge, any other author has not presented similar application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment. In this thesis I further predict a Czech and Euro area money market yield curve dynamics using the CIR and the GP models as representatives of various types of interest rates models to compare these predictions with BGM predictions. I suggest a comprehensive system of three criteria, based on comparison of predicti- ons with reality, to describe a predictive power of selected models and an appropria- teness of their use in the Czech market environment during different situations in the market. This analysis shows that predictions of the Czech money market yield curve dynamics based on the BGM model demonstrate high predictive power and the best 8 quality in comparison with other models. GP model also produces relatively good qua- lity predictions. Conversely, predictions based on the CIR model as a representative of short rate model family completely failed when describing reality. In a situation when the economy allows negative rates and there is simultaneously a significant likelihood of their implementation, I recommend to obtain predictions of Czech money market yield curve dynamics using GP model which allows existence of negative interest rates. This analysis also contains a statistical test for validating the predictive power of each model and information on other tests. Berkowitz test rejects a hypothesis of accurate predictions for each model. However, this fact is common in real data testing even when using relatively good model. This fact is especially caused by difficult fulfilment of test conditions in real world. To my knowledge, such an analysis of the predictive power of selected interest rate models moreover in the Czech financial market environment has not been published yet. The last goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to obtaining pre- dictions of Czech government bonds risk premium dynamics. I define this risk premium as a difference between government bond yields and fixed rate of CZK IRS with the same length. I apply the GP model to describe the dynamics of this indicator of the Czech Republic credit risk. In order to obtain a time series of the risk premium which are necessary for estimation of GP model parameters I firstly estimate yield curves of Czech government bonds using Svensson model for each trading day since 2005. Resulting si- mulations of risk premium show that the GP model predicts the real development of risk premiums of all maturities relatively well. Hence, the proposed approach is suitable for modeling of Czech Republic credit risk based on the use of information extracted from financial markets. I have not registered proposed approach to risk premium modeling moreover in the Czech financial market environment in other publications.
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Finanční analýza společnosti United Parcel Service Czech Republic, s. r. o. a srovnání s konkurenty
Roudnická, Markéta ; Staňková, Anna (advisor) ; Marek, Petr (referee)
This thesis is focused on the financial analysis of United Parcel Service Czech Republic, s. r. o. during the period from 2010 to 2014 and the subsequent comparison of its results with selected comparable companies. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part the methods of the financial analysis are defined and the optimal values of each financial indicator are determined. In the second part the company is introduced and the specific values of the described indicators are calculated as well as there is an intercompany comparison realized. The conclusion of this thesis is dedicated to an accurate description of the current situation of the company in the context of both optimal values and values which are usually achieved by comparable companies.
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Czech administrative justice from the viewpoint of comparison with French and German system
Kukačová, Sára ; Matula, Miloš (advisor) ; Louda, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis is devoted to the theme of Czech administrative justice, its current form and comparison with chosen models of European administrative justice, that is with French and German model. Goal of the thesis is on the basis of description and analysis of these models of administrative justice to get the comparison and evaluation of the differences and positive and negative elements of chosen models in relation to Czech system of administrative justice. The first part focuses on rather theoretical side and the introduction to this problem. Fundamental terms and characteristics are described and the concept of administrative justice is put to a broader scope. There is also mentioned the historical development of administrative justice in the Czech lands from year 1848 until the present day. The second part is devoted to the study of specific current legislation of chosen countries - Czech Republic, France and Germany. On this foundation is in the closing part accomplished the analysis and comparison of particular systems of administrative justice together with stating their mutual positives and negatives.
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Globalisation in Strategic Context
Javor, Miroslav ; Kohoutová, Helena (advisor) ; Brůžek, Antonín (referee) ; Řezníčková, Bronislava (referee)
Fundamental idea of presented doctoral dissertation is that investigating deeper implications of globalisation requires a specific contextual approach based on combination of interdisciplinarity and non-analytical methods, both in general and in terms of business strategy. Red line of the thesis is effort to narrow down the globalisation concept to empirically testable form on business level without loosing grip of the unique essence of this social phenomenon. The result of my research in given direction is introduction of an alternative way to expand objective understanding of globalisation on business level. This is accomplished by the means of explaining the relation between globalisation-related perceptions and expectations of business and by further utilization of this objective characteristic of contemporary globalisation for testing the relevance of other related relations within business strategy.
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Comparison of the Views and Attitudes of Pupils at Secondary Vocational Schools in the Field of Substance Abuse
Mazánková, Michaela ; Jirsáková, Jitka (advisor) ; Miroslava, Miroslava (referee)
Bachelor thesis entitled Comparison of the views and attitudes of pupils at secondary vocational schools in the field of substance abuse deals with a comparison of opinions and attitudes of pupils at secondary schools and vocational schools Obchodní akademie a Hotelová škola Havlíčkův Brod. The first part is devoted to general characteristics of risky behavior, causes of its origin, different types and prevention of risk behaviors . Analytical part is devoted to evaluation of the questionnaire and the results are compared opinions and attitudes of students of graduation schools and vocational schools, and point to the simultaneous occurrence of risk behavior studied in high school. Based on data evaluation are at the end of the work proposed specific preventive measures specifically for students of graduation schools and vocational schools.
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The mentor position within in the nursing team, and her the cooperation with the shift nurses.
MAŘÍKOVÁ, Václava
Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the position of nursing mentor and her cooperation with shift nurses. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into seven chapters, and focuses on the current nursing profession that is also interconnected with education and legislature. The work is further dealing with the role of the nursing mentor and her cooperation with the nursing team. Last but not least, the theoretical part is devoted to the important role of ethics and morality in the nursing profession that is undoubtedly of central importance. We are also addressing the Certified Course for Mentors that we regard as rather positive as one of the forms of lifelong education. The nurses completing the course will acquire new skills and knowledge, but also knowledge in the field of psychology, law, didactics and other fields. The role of a nurse-mentor is rather important as she can pass the acquired knowledge further and positively influence the students in this way over the course of professional training facilitating their adaptation when they start their professional career. It was the main objective of this work to map the current position of a nurse? mentor, what her experience is with cooperation with other shift nurses as part of practical education in the workplace, and whether the nurses direct and sufficiently motivate the students to become interested in the profession of general nurses or midwifes. The section on research employed two methods. The first method consisted in quantitative research in the form of questionnaires. We employed two questionnaires, one targeted the nurses-non-mentors, while the second was intended for nurses-mentors. As a second method, qualitative research was carried out using semi-structured interview conducted with selected head and ward (charge) nurses. Using the qualitative survey approach, we tested the following working hypotheses. H1: the general nurses know what the role of a nurse-mentor is in the health-care team, H2: the nurses-mentors motivate their students to raise their interest in the profession of general nurse, H3: the nurses-mentors are not always occupying leading positions, H4: the nurses-mentors are perceived positively by the shift nurses,
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