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Social housing - comparison of Concept of Social Housing in the Czech Republic 2015-2025 and Austrian social model
Hejduk, Radim ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis is focused on social housing - public policy, that is applied in many countries of the EU. Czech Republic is currently trying its implementation. Due to rising household's costs of housing, rising expenses on demand-oriented housing policy in form of housing benefits and difficult to solve social exclusion, social housing appears to be one of the more accessible ways of solution. The goal of the thesis is at first to analyze and evaluate known forms of social housing and its application from the economic perspective, then to form reccomendations for the Conception of Social Housing for the Czech Republic in the period 2015-2025 using comparison to already-existing Austrian model. This text answers the main research question how does functioning model of social housing look like and what are the economic impacts of it on households.
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Aging population in the Czech Republic and its consequences
Tomsová, Veronika ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
The thesis deals with the demographic progression in the Czech republic and consequences of population ageing. Teoretical part characterize basic concepts related to demography, ageing and the pension system and describe causes and consequences of population ageing. Analytical part is focused on period from 2005 to 2015. Process of population ageing is evalueted using selected indicators. Evaluation of progression population, age composition, average age, life expentancy and selected indices are part of thesis. Data relating to pension system are analyzed in the context of ageing population. Method of time series analysis was used for analysis and prediction selected indicators. The thesis contains suggestions and recommendations relating to the evalueted indicators.
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A historical view of the army nurse profession.
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the profession of a military nurse. We can assert that the official study of military, non-medical health-care related qualifications and its use in practice not only for military purposes dates back to the fifties of the last century. However, women as health care professionals, consequently in uniforms, have always been an actual issue. The development of health care activities always existed, however, we must not neglect influence of scientific and medical findings. The historical timeline of development of medical care in the battle field was recorded and ranges from pre-historical healing. The way of Christian medicine was negatively influenced by the Catholic Church. The dark period of the Middle Ages had actually wrested medical performance from the hands of specialists and the suffering were left to the "tender" mercies of the priests. The following part of the thesis concerns modern medicine where enlightenment reforms were exercised. Some of the original six-month courses for military surgeons were organised in this period of time; they weretransformed into Military Surgical Academy, out of which the famous Josefinum originated. A expression of humanity which supported a form of health care of war veterans was demonstrated by constructing buildings for invalid people. The second half of the nineteenth century is characterized by the phenomenon of the presence of nuns in military hospitals. This study goes further in depth of professionally organized healthcare right in the battle field, which dates back from the era of wars in the Crimea.This stage describes the transformation of caring into nursing which requires the necessity of specialized preparation of persons providing nursing practice. In addition, Henry Dunant engraved himself into the history of the profession of a nurse, as the founder of the Red Cross, who first trained health care professionals for working within armed intentions of the state. The continuation of this action sketches out the process of providing first aid in principal armed conflicts of the twentieth century. It describes the functioning of commander operated military health service of that time. WWI drove Czech medical staff to both sides of the front where they provided medical help to the injured. Nurses of the WWII already performed their duties in uniforms as the rightful members of the army. The thesis also mentions post-war usage of military health care professionals in secret foreign missions and their specialized erudition.Last but not least, it marginally discusses contemporary possibilities of modern health care service of the Army of the Czech Republic. The goal of the endeavours of writing this thesis was to chart out clearly the development of the profession of a military nurse within the historical context, focusing mainly on women coming from Czech regions. In order to make the history background concerning specific female participants of the world war conflicts understandable to the reader, this paper reports, in broader extension, peculiar medical and nursing findings, already from the era of prehistoric civilisations. The history study method were applied for the purpose of the theoretical thesis. The methodology is based on searching, studying, sorting and the consecutive systematic objective describing of the events from the past times with the intention to propose comprehensive report on the subject given. It was necessary to study inexhaustible amount of sources to obtain awareness of historical connections. Factual information was derived by analysing of primary and mainly secondary documents. The thesis sketches out histories of military health care and the profession of a military health care professional stemmed from the exploration of appropriate written sources and conclusion of the basic findings. The intentions of the work are not only to clarify the past but also to contribute to solutions of every-day issues.
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Jaroslav Vrchlickýs Translations from the French and Italy Literature.
VICIÁNOVÁ, Klára
In my master's thesis I inquire into Jaroslav Vrchlický's translation of French poetry. In five chapters I analyse Vrchlický's translations of the poems by the Parnasists José-Maria de Heredia, Sully Prudhomme, Leconte de Lisle and François Coppée; the fifth is the romantic author Victor Hugo. The analyses are preceded by a bibliographic-descriptive part, an overview of Vrchlický's studies related to the poet in question and reception of Vrchlický's translations in contemporary periodicals. The summarizing chapters describe Vrchlický's translation method and the relationship of F. X. Šalda as the leading figure of contemporary literary criticism to Jaroslav Vrchlický. A substantial part of the work is a bibliographical index of Vrchlický's translations of French poetry published in books and journals as well as a list of his critical studies. As information source we have used the digitalized card catalogue Retrobi available online at the website of the Institute of Czech Literature, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
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Transboundary eel (Anguilla anguilla) management plans
Lehoučková, Sabina ; Kalous, Lukáš (advisor) ; Nechanská, Denisa (referee)
In the bachelor thesis are collected and compared data obtained from available materials that deal with the issue of declining state of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in European waters. Population decline was recorded already in the 80s of last century and throughout the range, which includes most inland and coastal waters of Europe and North Africa. The first chapter describes the species of Anguilla anguilla, developmental stages and migration cycle, who during his life this species pass. In the following part of the work is information on the Council Regulation (EC) No. 1100/2007 of 18 September 2007 establishing measures for the recovery of the stock of European eel. This regulation requires the individual Member States of the European Union to draw up plans Management of European eel on their territory if the area falls between habitats eel. The next section discusses the management plans for the Czech Republic, England and Wales, the Netherlands, Denmark and Spain. The management plans are then selected individual chapters devoted to the definition of the basin, which measures for the recovery of the eel population concerning the procedure for determining the target escapement levels of 40 % of adults with eel in marine waters and further concrete measures implemented by means of the watercourses which should be the target level achieved. The final part is devoted to the discussion, which are summarized and compared the measures used by Member States in the individual management plans. Furthermore, this part contains data on the eel population after the introduction of primary measures for its renewal.
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Role of a Nurse during an Acute Hospital Admission of a Patient with Trauma
KOTRČOVÁ, Ivana
Incidence of injury is currently the third leading cause of death in the Czech Republic. A good link between pre-hospital emergency care and hospital care becomes a priority. Nurses play an important role during an acute admission of patients with trauma to in-hospital care, they are the connecting link of all members of the multidisciplinary team, whose common mission is the patient and saturation of his /her needs. With the changing role of nurses in the modern concept of nursing, nurses become equal partners of physicians and other health care professionals. To be accepted by other members of the team and to be able to work with the full extent of her sphere of action in the acute phase of a trauma patient admission, she has to know perfectly her competencies under the applicable legislation. In the theoretical part the roles and responsibilities of nurses under the applicable legislation are defined. There are also chapters dealing with individual injuries and the organization of care for patients with trauma. In the final section of the theoretical part there is a chapter dealing with the holistic care for patients, including ethical care issues, the role of a patient and the importance of cooperation with the family of the trauma patient who is acutely admitted into the hospital. In the empirical part of the thesis three objectives were stated. To determine the cooperation of nurses with other members of the multidisciplinary team, as well as to find out whether the nurses involved in the admission of a trauma patient into hospital know their own competencies under the Decree No. 424/2004 Coll. The third objective was to determine how trauma patients perceive the process of admission to the hospital. Based on these objectives two hypotheses and two research questions were established. The objectives were successfully met, both hypotheses were confirmed and the questions answered. The research was conducted on the basis of a quantitative qualitative survey at departments of selected hospitals where the patients with acute trauma emergency were directed by emergency medical services. For the quantitative research the interviewing method using questionnaires was selected. Interviews with patients were conducted by the qualitative research method. The respondents were 117 nurses and 5 patients.
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Winter Density of House Sparrow in Different types of Rural Settlements along the Czech – Austria Border
Oberpfalzerová, Michaela ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Šmejdová, Lucie (referee)
From the point of view of the Czech Republic in the last 80 years we can specify two periods, which had a significant impact on the general character and development in agriculture. The first period can be traced to the 50s of the last century, in which the concentration of agricultural production headed towards to factory farming. The second one began at the beginning of the 90s. At that time a sharp downtown of animal production occurred and the sooner concentrated production began, after the regaining by previous owners, to erode into what it is today private agriculture.
This thesis aims tocontribute to a confirmation of rejection of the hypothesis that the above described changes have a negative impact on the selected avian species. These species are represented by significantsynanthropic birds: house sparrow (which is a crucial representative in this thesis), tree sparrow and collared dove. Thirty municipalities were chosen to emphasize the differences in quantity of these species, half of them located on each side of the border with the Czech Republic and Austria. The comparison of quantities of bird populations took place in the surroundings of the cities Znojmo and Retz.In this thesis the Republic of Austria acts as a country which has not been burdened by a substantial economic development and which has applied the continuous market economy since the end of the Second World War.
In the individual squares the numbers of the representatives of the studied species and the environmental characteristics were recorded during the winter period. The significant differences in the numbers of birds at selected locations were demonstrated using a multifactor ANOVA STATISTICA 12. Moreover, the impact of selected environmental variables on the abundance of observed species was also analysed. It was found that the selected species depend on an inclusion into the individual states as well as on a classification into various biotope types. Finally, the dependence on the area of trees and bushes, the proportion of new buildings and the presence of poultry in the square were also observed. The most numerous species in the Republic of Austria was the house sparrow, the most abundant species in the Czech Republic was the collared dove. A slight increase in the occurrence of the collared dove was recorded in both states. Tree sparrow as a species occurred in relatively large numbers, but only locally. It was found that the populationsof the above mentioned species were generally more numerous in the Austrian municipalities. An interesting fact is that most of the observed individuals in the Czech Republic occurred in village built-up areas rather than in agricultural premises, as it was initially estimated.
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Using of the Czech Warmblood for the Czech Republic Mounted Police
Vlčková, Petra ; Navrátil, Jan (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
The horse evolution started with Hyracotherium, which was a small animal inhabiting forests of the Eocene. Since then, it evolved into more or less successful forms in which the conditions of the surroundings of its occurrence were reflected. When it comes to the initial usage of horses, they were used as a source of meat. Later, in the period before 4,600 years ago, evidence of the domestication of these animals emerged. Due to the improved system of breeding, horse as a draught animal and a mean of transport gradually became riding horse, which contributed not only in spreading human population, but also in influencing history of many civilizations.
Nowadays, horse is represented through a number of breeds, which are used in equestrian sport, work with cattle, horse races, in forestry labours, or as a good companion.
In addition, horse gained its irreplaceable role in the service of the Mounted Police of Czech Republic where it is daily deployed in diverse actions; for example in city and peripheral guarding, in searching for missing persons or in restoration of disturbed public peace. The most useful breed for these purposes is Czech Warmblood, where the most preferred geldings are in brown or chestnut color. High demands are placed on physiological characteristics; however, the most important criterion is the excellent character of this breed. Quality of these characteristics consists in the length of duty and in the reasons for their release from duty. Some of the most frequent reasons for the release from duty health problems and age. The release due to age is associated with strong and resistant horses.
Regarding the lineage of the police horses on duty, the best evaluated were the descendants of stallions 1154 Quick Lauro Z, Mykonos and 1028 Manillon Rouge. However, there is a correlation between these descendants and their number on active duty. After categorization of all traced stallions into relevant lineages, the lineage 1100 Przedswit became the most numerous lineages (7 stallions). Nevertheless, this lineage is not positively evaluated because of its descendants, which did not perform well on duty. Another numerous lineages were 5500 Pythagoras, 4700 Amour du Bois, Orange Peel xx-Almé Z, 67 Dark Ronald or 4800 Ladykiller XX.
The central purchase system of duty horses should help to unify these horses as well as to prolong the length of duty, via universally established criteria. Results demonstrate the unification of typological characteristics of these horses. However, the average withers height of measured horses fails to meet the requirements. Regarding the length of duty, the results were not conclusive; therefore, the hypothesis was confirmed just partially.
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Change trajectories of wetlands in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic
Richter, Pavel ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Dagmar, Dagmar (referee)
Wetland habitats are of great multifunctional importance in landscape. In particular, they have the capacity to retain water during its surplus and then in the dry season to release the water. In this work the dynamics of change in wetlands coverage was analyzed, including the representation structure of different categories of wetlands over the past 180 years in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic. The historical maps of Stable Cadastre, current orthophoto and current GIS layers of localization and classification of different types of land use/cover and landscape types were used as data sources. The area of wetlands has dramatically decreased from 5 762 hectares in the period 1825-1843 (more than 9.5 % of the area) to 54 hectares in 2014 (0.9 %). Based on the study of available documents three types of wetland habitats were classified: wet meadows, wet meadows with trees and swamps . Although, the most of the historic wetlands were constituted of wet meadows (89 %) these days the swamps (48 %) form the largest part of the wetlands. Half of the historic wetlands were transformed to arable land because of increasing production of agriculture. According to the evaluation of monitored changes by predictors it was found that more pressure on the degradation of wetlands was in the areas with more suitable climatic conditions for agriculture (e.g. The Danube basin, Moravia, soil types in the lowlands, Corn agricultural production area etc.). In these areas the swamps were formed as new wetlands in places of historical watercourses localization more significantly than elsewhere in monitored area. The aim of this work was also to describe the main driving forces and pressures that have influenced the changes in wetlands. The outcome of the paper can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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