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Vývoj veřejných financí členských zemí Evropské unie od roku 2004
Pastrňák, Martin ; Karpová, Eva (advisor) ; Joklová, Kateřina (referee)
Cílem práce je seznámit čtenáře s teoretickými i praktickými aspekty veřejných financí posledních let v kontextu vyspělé Evropy, konkrétně 25 členských zemí Evropské unie, tedy prostoru specifického ve smyslu určité politické, kulturně-historické a ekonomické rozlišnosti. Práce rozebírá problematiku veřejných příjmů, výdajů a stavu a vývoje veřejných rozpočtů zemí EU a přibližuje aktuální problémy v této oblasti.
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Impact of low oil and natural gas prices on the economy of Qatar since 2014
Šamánek, Ondřej ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hasík, Gabriel (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines the impact of the oil and gas prices slump, which befell the world in 2014, on the economy of Qatar. The main objective of the thesis is to evaluate if and to what extend the price collapse influenced the relevant economic indicators and behaviour of the state and companies active in the affected field. The selected objective is examined using the method of data comparison, namely before and after the price slump, and with the help of the case study, in which the qatari company operating in the oil and gas is examined. From the conducted analysis it is possible to conclude that Qatar was directly influenced by the oil and gas prices collapse: its GDP slumped, fiscal deficit increased. The analysed company also experienced troubles caused by low prices: one year after the price slump, total amount of assigned tenders to company decreased substantially and historically high number of tenders was cancelled. Conclusions deriving from the thesis might be applied to other oil and gas export economies in the Persian Gulf, for fundamental traits of such economies are shared with the economy of Qatar.
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The development of the crime on credits in the South Bohemia before 2014
BUŠKOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of this study is to analyze the development of committing a credit fraud offence under § 211 of the Act. no. 40/2009 Coll., the Penal Code (particularly the development of this crime and the development of the amount of the damage) and consequent comparing the selected macroeconomic indicators development in the period 2005-2014 in the region of South Bohemia. In this work secondary data analysis methods were used. Statistical data obtained from the South Bohemian branch of the Czech Statistical Office and statistical data from Crime Police of the Czech Republic was used as the source. The data evaluating the amount of detected cases of this crime committed by the offenders in the Region South Bohemia, according to the region where the fraud was commited, was analyzed. The analyzed file was 5,713 offenses and 4,219 offenders. The defined set was divided into seven parts (districts), according to the local jurisdiction of the territorial departments of the Czech Police. The observed data was compared with selected macroeconomic indicators. From the results it can be concluded that the highest rate of loan fraud offence (calculated per 1,000 inhabitants) is in the district Stra-konice. Conversely, the lowest crime in the same period is in the district Jindřichův Hradec. This work also re-vealed that the development of macroeconomic indicators has no effect on the development of this crime. In conclusion, it is recommended to promote economic education at primary and secondary schools, thus improving the financial literacy of the population. Furthermore, we can recommend the consistent use of, the Central Credit Register, which is already available, as well as supporting of changes in the legislation, so that the providers have an obligation to investigate the credit applicants more and make the offenders of this crime discouraged by higher penalties imposed for credit fraud.
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Evaluating of territorial system of ecological stability on the territory of the municipality with extended competence Jilemnice
Maryšková, Ivana ; Vacek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
The subject of this thesis is an evaluation of the territorial system of ecological stability (hereinafter referred to as TSES) in the Jilemnice territory in the Liberec Region and, specifically, in the cadaster units Jilemnice and Hrabačov. The evaluation is based on an analysis of a general plan for TSES dated 1993 and, also, town-planning documents; for the analysis, ArcGis software was used. Subsequently, certain remedies including principles aimed at preservation of the landscape sustainability were suggested. In the review of relevant scientific literature, TSES is described from a wider perspective of nature and landscape conservation both in the Czech Republic and worldwide and, also, sustainable development. Based on critical evaluation of data resources, relevant landscape including the territory in question is characterized; an evaluation of the structural parts and their functions provides a picture of the current situation. Based on a subsequent current state assessment, the thesis suggests changes to the structural parts. The information gathered therein provide a basis for defining proper methods to improve the conditions of TSES and, also, all the elements and related sites in order to enhance their ecological stability and function.
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The 2008 crisis and the response of France in the European context
Giusiano, Grégoire ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyze what have been the impacts of the 2008 financial crisis in France and what were the direct reactions of the government to it. This analysis would be put in perspective by comparing it to the policies taken by various European neighbors. In the first part we analyze the cause of the crisis bubble-burst cycle and more precisely of the financial crisis. We conclude that a financial crisis comes from an accumulation of debt badly invest. We then study the example of the crisis of 1929 and the measure taken by the American government during the Great Depression through the New Deal. We explain that the measures not only planned on distributing money for the demand but set people to work and reformed the general economic environment. After studying the crisis of 2008 in the United State we see that even if the crisis began in the financial sector, its repercussion were felt on the entire economy. In the second part we analyze the main economic trends of France since World War Two. We will see that after thirty years of high growth and social development, the country was for thirty years on a downward trend of the economic development. We will study the case of unemployment, which is representative of the politic and economic system of France. We will realize that the different governments do not seem to be able to reform the country through sustainable measures that go beyond the impact of the announcement itself. We will then analyze the first effects of the crisis on the French economy to conclude that it resulted in the worsening of all the main macro-economic indexes, with the deepening of the debt and the development of a recession. We will then be able to compare those results to three major indexes of two other Europeans countries: the Czech Republic and Germany. We will see that those two countries, due to the importance of exportations on their national economies, and in the case of the Czech Republic, the importance of Germany, suffered more, in proportion, compared to France. In the third part we will study the measures taken by the French government in the aftermath of the crisis and the effects of those measures. We will see that if they plan to support the country through the help to the companies, the measure lack of long term planning. They are short terms measures that helped the country pass the worst of the crisis, but with long lasting effects on the country's debt. We will then compare them to the measures taken by the United Kingdom and Germany. Those two country are interesting to study since the British government made the choice of mainly directly supporting the consumption and Germany, with the largest European stimulus package was acting on all fronts. We will conclude that the main result for the two countries are the growing debt in percentage of GDP, but also that the long term effects are more taken into account in those two plans.
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Institutional financing principles
Rákosník, Jiří
The system of funding research institutions from public resources in the Czech Republic has undergone a complicated development since 1990 and, particularly during the last decade, arrived at a very unsatisfactory state. The decision process about which organisations should receive institutional support for R&D, and at which level, lacks strategic information. It relies on mere mechanical recording of outputs, with the rules changing every year, and ad hoc measures must then compensate for serious flaws. One of the main goals of the Individual National Project “Effective Evaluation and Financing System for Research, Development and Innovation” is to propose mechanisms for effective public funding of research institutions based on a new evaluation system and emphasizing excellence, motivation and medium-term stability.
Slides: idr-466_2 -  PDF
Video: idr-466_1 -  MP4
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Quality of life assessment in the selected regions by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
CHROMÁ, Vendula
The diploma thesis aims to do a research into quality of life of the selected regions in the Czech Republic and so to identify strengths and weaknesses of the individual regions. The research is done by means of DEA method on the basis of chosen criterions. The DEA method determines the effectiveness of individual districts and so it shows the living standard. Moreover, the DEA method also suggests the way how to raise effectiveness in the case of inefficient regions. The thesis also focuses on strengths and weaknesses of production units, which comes out from the assessment itself. For the application of the model, economic and uneconomic indicators such as unemployment, work inability, criminality, air pollution and the apartments' costs were chosen. These indicators represent inputs. In outputs, there are density of the road network and average wages included. All data relates to the year 2010. The assessment itself is carried out via a special software Frontier Analyst.
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Installation and operation of photovoltaic power plant
MERTLÍKOVÁ, Petra
In my dissertation I describe the photovoltaic power plant on the roof a family house, the conditions of connection to the electricity network, the electricity consumption and I state in detail the technical specifications of this solution. Moreover, I give details of price quotation plus estimated quantity of produced electric power. Besides, I pay attention to the investment efficiency. Main part of the dissertation is devoted to the analysis of produced electric power for the period from 1.1.2010 till 31.12.2010 for each quater of the year seperately. The above mentioned study implies that the photovoltaic power plant meets in so far all requirements and the investment should be returned in approximately 9 years. The aim of the dissertation is to judge the photovoltaic power plant with respect to its installation, operation and return on investment.
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Analysis of the Slovak Economy in Comparison with the Czech Republic
Pelcová, Andrea ; Svoboda, Roman (advisor) ; Kopecká, Lenka (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on analysis of Slovak and Czech economics using captured data during a 23 years period from 1990 to 2013. The main aim of this thesis is to describe, evaluate and compare both economics in this time period.
This work is divided into two parts. In the first, theoretical part, is introducing and explaining indicators used in the analysis, including GDP, inflation, unemployment and exchange rates. The second, practical part, is concentrating on the use of indicators mentioned in theoretical part using particular data. Individual indicators are displayed in graphs and are accompanied by explanatory comments. The practical part is divided into three periods for better transparency. The first period, from 1990 to 1992, is dedicated to Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, the second period covers years 1993 to 2000 and the last period covers 2001 to the last processed year 2013.
In the conclusion is contained summary of the practical part and evaluation of economic efficiency development of both countries during monitored time period.
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Zpracování prognózy využívání obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR do roku 2050
ViP s.r.o., Praha ; ENVIROS, s.r.o., Praha ; SEVEn, Středisko pro efektivní využívání energie, o.p.s. ; CityPlan spol. s r.o., Praha ; CZ BIOM - České sdružení pro biomasu, Praha ; Asociace pro využití obnovitelných zdrojů energie
Základním cílem tohoto projektu je zpracování výhledu využívání obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR pro období do roku 2050. Tato prognóza je mimo jiné založena na prognózách sociálního, environmentálního, technologického a ekonomického vývoje a též i na prognózách vývoje energetiky, která sama do jisté míry koriguje. Jedním z účelů zpracování bylo vybavit MŽP argumentačně pro prosazování takové varianty energetické politiky, která bude opatřena o maximální mobilizaci potenciálů obnovitelných zdrojů energií a úspor s cílem snížit výhledově emise skleníkových plynů na úroveň průměru EU na obyvatele. Součástí projektu je též kvantifikace nákladů na realizaci předpokládaného využívání obnovitelných zdrojů a kvantifikace ekonomických dopadů - v porovnání s neobnovitelnými zdroji.
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