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Growing of rapeseed for energy purposes - impacts and context.
Charvát, Michal ; Kuchtová, Perla (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Biofuels are generally based on biomass. It may be a waste biomass or biomass grown specifically. It is used as fixed or lump fuel, and also to as liquid and gas. Liquid biofuels are used both for energy purposes, ie to produce heat, electricity generation, but also as a motor fuels. In this thesis goes on biofuel purposefully grown, about oilseed rape and from it made liquid fuel, in this case of RME rapeseed methyl ester, which is a fuel of the first generation.
The European Union expected that the use of biofuel will reduce CO2 emissions by up to 35% further premised that the development of biofuels will be a positive impact on local employment and it the both on direct and indirect. Further help diversify Europe's dependence on oil imports. They were introduced direct support for growers in order to exlarged the area where grew plants intended for biofuel. These direct resistances were abolished in 2010. Similar support was also intended for producers.
Regarding rapeseed, peak in the sown area across the EU was in 2010, when it was sown almost 7 mil. ha, which is almost 3,5 times more than the original plan for the EU. Last year, it was only 6,45 mil. ha, but with higher-yielding rapeseed seeds. Similarly, increasing the sowing areas you can watch in the Czech Republic. Moreover Czech Republic is the fifth producer of rapeseed in the EU. In 2013/14 have been sown most ha rape, total 418,8 th. ha, but production was the highest in the following year due hectare yields, although with reduced the area sown. Yet is rape sown on 14% of cultivated land.
We can not talk about drastically restricting cultivation of rape, even after termination direct aid. First, the price of rape is very decent and steady and almost half designated for industrial processing it is processed on RME. However, the system of cultivation is not good for the soil. Rape in plans crop rotation is ranked every two years mostly, but the best would be once for five years.
The only assumption was confirmed by the EU, CO2 emissions are lower, but is also needed to count with the amount of N2O emissions, which this benefit is reduced. However on employment it had no effect, or rather negative. More jobs in agriculture provides livestock production and the like can be evaluated also process industry. Another problem is the destruction of ecosystems so that could be grown plants suitable for biofuels. It is a matter of developing countries, in our lands is it about the depletion of fertile land to cultivation fuel instead of food. First, it needed more to fertilize and use pesticides. But also in case of crop failure it is revenue designetid for biofuels producers is delivere even at the cost of food price increases.
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The socio-economic status of the clients of the travel agency PET-TOUR s.r.o.
LOUDOVÁ, Monika
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to specify the socio-economic status of the clients of the travel agency PET-TOUR s.r.o. and determine if the status has effect on the choice of tour's character. The primary monitored variables of the clients of the chosen travel agency are the gender, the age, the place of living, the education and the income. The theoretical bases with the practical research of this thesis form the basis for suggestion and innovation in the travel agency's offer.
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Analysis of Selected Macroeconomic Debt Relations of the Polish and Czech Economies in the Period of 2000-2010
Jež, Marek ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the development of the fast-paced debt growth of Polish and Czech economies in the years between 2000 and 2010. It focuses on the most debt-ridden sectors; those of households and government institutions. The thesis identifies the causes of the dynamic debt increase of these sectors in both economies. The outcome of the analysis is also the evaluation of the debt expansion influence on the growth of GDP. The evaluation is based on the available data from the databases of statistical offices and central banks. The cause behind the debt of households is a confluence of several factors both on the part of demand and offer. Apparently, the key factor is the relaxed monetary policy of the central bank. The cause of government institutions debt are predominantly the anually created state budget deficits, and thus maintained an expansive character of the fiscal policies. Debt therefore additionally stimulated the economies in what already was a period of growth.
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In situ projects in the protection of Pongo genus in connection with the expansion of oil palm plantations on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra
Talpová, Julie ; Masopustová, Renata (advisor) ; Dokoupilová, Adéla (referee)
This Bachelor Thesis is dedicated to the protection of Bornean orangutan Pongo pygmaeus and Sumatran orangutan Pongo abelii in connection to the expansion of palm oil plantations. The genus Pongo includes Bornean orangutan Pongo pygmaeus and the Sumatran orangutan Pongo abelii. Until recently these species were considered to be subspecies but on the basis of genetic analysis there were significant changes in the taxonomy. It can be assumed that the scheme will continue to evolve. Bornean orangutan is classified as endangered species by the IUCN, Sumatran orangutan even as critically endangered. Their vulnerability is apparent from their way of life. They are long-lived, but slowly reproducing animals. Female brings the first baby to the world after 15 years of age and is devoted to its eight years of age. They are typical representatives of arboreal primates. Trees are their sleeping place, provide them ability to move and serve as food source.
There are several sources of danger. The biggest threat is considered to be the loss of habitat of orangutans because of the establishment of oil palm plantations, logging and fires. These processes cause fragmentation of native habitats and access to forests means a threat of poachers. Elaeis guineensis is grown in Indonesia and Malaysia since the early 20th century and currently these countries produce 84% of world palm oil production. The lifetime of the plantations is estimated at 20-25 years. It is known that the soil is very exhausted after this time, the issue therefore is its future usefulness. The products are palm oil and palm-kernel oil, which are applied in food, cosmetics and industry. Both types of the oils contain high amounts of saturated fatty acids, therefore the WHO recommends to reduce the consumption of these oils.
The aim of the in situ projects in Borneo and Sumatra was originally an effort to return the rescued orangutans to the wild in the first place. Increasingly, however, the projects faced the problem that such animals have nowhere to return, as their original habitats no longer exist. For this reason, the attention shifts to protect the natural habitat of orangutans and existing wild populations, with emphasis on the rigorous quarantine of newly recruited individuals, their social integration into the group, but also educational programs for the public.
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Political culture - March 2011
Šamanová, Gabriela
Czech citizens are critical when talking about political culture of most of politically active people. The exception are members of Municipal Councils and members of Regional Councils. In those cases prevails positively evaluation (60/30 % Municipal and 41/38 % Regional Councils). The worst evaluation got political culture of members of Chamber of Deputy (17/81 %). According to major part of czech citizens (79 %) arguments, problems and scandals are common and occur in other democracies, although major part of addressed respondents (77 %) expressed their opinion that these argumentations and scandals discredit us abroad. Almost all respondents (89 %) agreed that there is need to inform public about the problems, argumentations and scandals, because czech politicians need to be under control of public. Citizen opinions of political culture in our country prove that three quarters of czech citizens think,that these political disputations and scandals, that occur in public - serve only to settle one’s account. And a half of people do not agree with that it serves to settle the objective arguments.
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Patients´ rights and duties from the point of new legislation view.
KRÁLOVÁ, Lucie
The health care in the Czech Republic has recently undergone significant changes that have led to higher quality of care and greater patient satisfaction. But the truth is that despite the widespread availability and relatively high level of health care there still are some shortcomings, especially from the point of the use and implementation of the patients´ rights and duties. If a person finds himself in the role of the patient, it is obvious that he feels vulnerable and is worried about one of the most important values of his life, which health undoubtedly represents. Thus, if a patient puts his health into the doctor's hands, he should be sure that with him will be act on the basis of a relationship and not a paternalistic. Knowledge of rights and duties of patients is therefore particularly important in terms of strengthening the equivalent relationship between doctor and patient. As a result of consistent compliance with the various rights and duties are reduced risks that threaten during hospitalization and increased patient satisfaction with the care provided. At present, legislative regulation of patients´ rights and duties in the Czech Republic is based on the Constitution of the Czech Republic and the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms, however one of the most important legal documents relating to the issue is the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, which aims to safeguard human dignity and human rights and freedoms of the individual with regard to the application of biology and medicine. An important milestone in this issue also became Act no. 372/2011 Coll., on the provision of health services, which entered into force on 1st April 2012 and replaced the Act no. 20/1966 Coll., on Health Care. This diploma thesis, as the name implies, deals with patients´rights and duties, while the analysis of the issue focuses on new legislation. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the introduction to the theoretical part, some basic concepts related to the topic are firstly defined. Following chapters deal with the legislative anchoring of medical law as a whole and selected principles of medical law. The last two chapters, in direct relation to medical legislation, deal with patients´actual rights and duties. The practical part is focused on the research knowledge of rights and duties of both the patients themselves as well as healthcare workers. It is based on qualitative research methods conducted through the semi-structured interview. The research simple group consisted of six respondents from the general public, and six surveyed healthcare workers. The task of this section is to bring current knowledge concerning the overall awareness of patients´ rights and duties. The aim is to analyze the current legislation of the issue and map knowledge of patients´ rights and duties in both the lay and also professional public. The research shows that public awareness of patients´ rights and duties, despite their new anchor in Act no. 372/2011 Sb., about health services, has not increased far enough. Although at first glance the general knowledge of the issue, the public, on their own initiative does not seek to increase their knowledge of their rights and duties in relation to the providers of medical services. In contrast, awareness of health professionals regarding patients´ rights and duties is at the good level, but this can be attributed mainly to the fact of their daily movements in the field of the issue. This diploma thesis presents actual information about patients´ rights and duties from the point of current legislation view. At the same time it maps the knowledge of patients´rights and duties and healthcare professionals and points to the broader psychosocial context in the issue. The results can therefore be used both to improve public awareness of their rights and duties, as well as the education of all staff in the assisting professions.
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Women in the middle age and in the age of the late adulthood, who were not successful in the effort to have a child.
NEVORALOVÁ, Edita
Bachelor´s work deals with women who are in the age of 38 years old and more who have not got any children nevertheless they always wanted to have some children during their life but they posponed their decision to found the family until the middle age of their life. Some of them have still desire to have their own children and the others are gradually coming to terms with the fact that they will be probably childless. My work will be focused on their life circumstances which did not allow them to found the family. My work will be targeting to founding out some women´s attitudes to parenthood. Then I will also try to describe the demanding situation of the women, who are coming to term with the fact that they will not have a child. The work is divided into the theoratical and practical part. The theoretical part is about the psyche of the women link between some disordres of the infertility, then it is focused on responsible planning of the parenthood, on motivation of parenthood, on the problem of the induced abortion and it is also focused on the possibillity of the arteficial fertilization and adoption. Finally this part is dealing about the change of the life in the family which is in the narrow connection with the phenomenon of singles. After that I will mention the life of women without any children. Practical part is dedicated to qualitative research which is founded on five halfstructured interviewes with the women who are in the age of 38 years old and more who are childless. Then I will use the psychodiagnostic test as a projectative method of research-Chromatic associational experiment from Doc. PhDr. Vadima Ščepichina CSc. My research´s aim is to catch the difficult and demanding situation of the women, who were not succesfull in their effort to be pregnant. The other aim is to found out the causes which lead the women to postpone their decision to found the family until the middle age of their life. What factors influence women to become a parent. Then I would try to find out the role of the stress in the process of the conception and how the women are coping with possible failure to be pregnant.
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Socio-historical context of the Czechoslovak-Vatican diplomatic relations after 1945
KOCHÁNEK, Martin
This dissertation deals with the Czechoslovak-Vatican diplomatic relations since 1945 up to the departure of internuncio Saverio Ritter from Prague. The dissertation deals with the events connected with the Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia and Vatican since the end of the World War II until 1948 and resultant breaking of the diplomatic relations in 1950. The dissertation pays attention to the restoring of diplomatic relations after the World War II. A part of the dissertation is devoted to the expulsion of the German minority and the associated problems relating to the Czechoslovak-Vatican diplomatic relations. There are also outlined initial disagreements of Czechoslovakia and Vatican. There are also sketched problems between Czechoslovakia and the Church such as the confiscation of property of Church, educational reform in church schools or revision of the land reform and the response of Vatican. The dissertation presents the important ecclesiastical and political events that took place in postwar development. There is observed the gradual development of mutual relations and their deterioration to complete interruption. The key sorces were the materials from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic in Prague and reports by Czechoslovak and Vatican diplomats. A part of the dissertation is also focused on the problems that occured in Czechoslovakia and Vatican diplomatic relations.
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Cooperation with clients´ families in the Retirement Home Třebíč during the period of adaptation process
DOLEČKOVÁ, Olga
In the Bachelor´s Thesis I devote my attention to the issues concerning adaptation process of a senior starting in a long - stay social service - the Retirement Home Třebíč - in connection with cooperation with family members. The issues regarding old age, the elderly in need of help from others, are becoming more and more important in today´s society. This fact is closely linked with the increase in human life span. In the theoretical part I defined the terms: old age, age division, and the changes that take place in this inherent developmental stage of life. In addition, I dealt with the active process of adaptation to novel living conditions, and the symptoms of maladaptation. In the following chapter I described a family, its functions in today?s society, and the family relationships. I defined social protection and social services set in the legislative frame, as well as problems regarding registration of social services. I described the Retirement Home Třebíč, where the research took place, and the process of individual planning, whose component user´s adaptation is. The way in which adaptation takes place, how often and the manner in which family members cooperate with a senior and the staff of the organization is very important during this period. I devoted the research part of my Bachelor´s thesis to this particular area. In order to describe the cooperation I used qualitative research with the method of questioning, the technique of a semi-structured interview. There were eight respondents; family members, instructors of social services, and key workers, participating in the research. The results confirmed that a family´s cooperation proves to be a key area when looking into adaptation in a retirement home. If a family does not cooperate or in case of a lonely senior, this role is to be supplemented by staff of the retirement home. It is up to them whether they can eliminate the potential impact of social maladaptation on the senior. The results of the research confirmed that it is important to support cooperation between families and the users of social service, so that a life in a retirement home resembles the one in a natural environment before their arrival as much as possible.
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