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The value of life from macroenomic point of view in United States of America, Czech republic and Russia between years 2007-2014
Antoš, Michal ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the research of the value of life calculation in the Czech republic, United states of America and Russia in 2007-2014.The main purpose is to analyze and compare values of life and major factors influencing them. The hypothesis is that value of life differs in selected countries due to distinctions of sections influencing them. The theoretical part is devoted to sections directly or indirectly influencing values of life, and then analyzing and comparing them together within the selected countries. The selected sections are education, health care, labor market, inequality and living standards. The practical thesis approach is to calculate the values of life for the individual states. The values of life are calculated for so called, representative individual, who is 40-years old citizen of selected country. In the period, in which is the value of life calculated, the retirement age and life expectancy are also considered in formula. Calculated values are examined and the economic and political measures are offered to the states, which can turn into significant increases in the value of life in future.
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Keeping of drinking habits in hospices in case of walking patients
MATOUŠEK, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with the problem of the drinking-regime keeping in case of patients in hospices and in case of seniors living on their own. The phrase 'drinking regime' means correct fluid supplement which is necessary for a human body. It is the main way to recover the daily fluid loss. The intake of fluids is essential at any age, though even more essential it is at the old age, when the human body encounters considerable natural decrease in amount of fluids and what is more, when a man also loses the feeling of thirst. To stay healthy and in a good shape, it is necessary to maintain a balance between the intake and expenditure of fluids during a day. From this point of view, it is important to have a regular fluid intake during a day - especially to drink sth. before one starts to feel thirsty.
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Optimization of Gaussian Mixture Subspace Models and Related Scoring Algorithms in Speaker Verification
Glembek, Ondřej ; Brummer, Niko (referee) ; Campbell,, William (referee) ; Burget, Lukáš (advisor)
Tato práce pojednává o modelování v podprostoru parametrů směsí gaussovských rozložení pro rozpoznávání mluvčího. Práce se skládá ze tří částí. První část je věnována skórovacím metodám při použití sdružené faktorové analýzy k modelování mluvčího. Studované metody se liší převážně v tom, jak se vypořádávají s variabilitou kanálu testovacích nahrávek. Metody jsou prezentovány v souvislosti s obecnou formou funkce pravděpodobnosti pro sdruženou faktorovou analýzu a porovnány jak z hlediska přesnosti, tak i z hlediska rychlosti. Je zde prokázáno, že použití lineární aproximace pravděpodobnostní funkce dává výsledky srovnatelné se standardním vyhodnocením pravděpodobnosti při dramatickém zjednodušení matematického zápisu a tím i zvýšení rychlosti vyhodnocování. Druhá část pojednává o extrakci tzv. i-vektorů, tedy nízkodimenzionálních reprezentací nahrávek. Práce prezentuje dva přístupy ke zjednodušení extrakce. Motivací pro tuto část bylo jednak urychlení extrakce i-vektorů, jednak nasazení této úspěšné techniky na jednoduchá zařízení typu mobilní telefon, a také matematické zjednodušení umožněňující využití numerických optimalizačních metod pro diskriminativní trénování. Výsledky ukazují, že na dlouhých nahrávkách je zrychlení vykoupeno poklesem úspěšnosti rozpoznávání, avšak na krátkých nahrávkách, kde je úspěšnost rozpoznávání nízká, se rozdíly úspěšnosti stírají. Třetí část se zabývá diskriminativním trénováním v oblasti rozpoznávání mluvčího. Jsou zde shrnuty poznatky z předchozích prací zabývajících se touto problematikou. Kapitola navazuje na poznatky z předchozích dvou částí a pojednává o diskriminativním trénování parametrů extraktoru i-vektorů. Výsledky ukazují, že při klasickém trénování extraktoru a následném diskriminatviním přetrénování tyto metody zvyšují úspěšnost.
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Optimization of network flow monitoring
Žádník, Martin ; Lhotka,, Ladislav (referee) ; Matoušek, Radomil (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
The thesis deals with optimization of network flow monitoring. Flow-based network traffic processing, that is, processing packets based on some state information associated to the flows which the packets belong to, is a key enabler for a variety of network services and applications. The number of simultaneous flows increases with the growing number of new services and applications. It has become a challenge to keep a state per each flow in a network device processing high speed traffic. A flow table, a structure with flow states, must be stored in a memory hierarchy. The memory closest to the processing is known as a flow cache. Flow cache management plays an important role in terms of its effective utilization, which affects the performance of the whole system. This thesis focuses on an automated design of cache replacement policy optimized to a deployment on particular networks. A genetic algorithm is proposed to automate this process. The genetic algorithm generates and evaluates evolved replacement policies by a simulation on obtained traffic traces. The proposed algorithm is evaluated by designing replacement policies for two variations of the cache management problem. The first variation is an evolution of the replacement policy with an overall low number of state evictions from the flow cache. The second variation represents an evolution of the replacement policy with a low number of evictions belonging to large flows only. Optimized replacement policies for both variations are found while experimenting with various encoding of the replacement policy and genetic operators. The newly evolved replacement policies achieve better results than other tested policies. The evolved replacement policy lowers the overall amount of evictions by ten percent in comparison with the best compared policy. The evolved replacement policy focusing on large flows lowers the amount of their evictions two times. Moreover, no eviction occurs for most of the large flows (over 90%). The evolved replacement policy offers better resilience against flooding the flow cache with large amount of short flows which are typical side effects of scanning or distributed denial of service activities. An extension of the replacement policy is also proposed. The extension complements the replacement policy with an additional information extracted from packet headers. The results show further decrease in the number of evictions when the extension is used.
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Methods of transfer pricing by multinational enterprises in terms of tax administration
BÖHMOVÁ, Dana
The aim of the thesis is the analysis and evaluation of the application of transfer (transfer) the prices used in transactions of multinational enterprises in terms of tax administration. Generally describe the basic principles of the United people, the principle of the arm, the methods of the determination of the transfer pricing and documentation for transfer prices in accordance with the international rules and standards laid down by the Organization for economic cooperation and development, in accordance with the laws and guidelines of the Czech Republic. Furthermore, this thesis seeks to clarify the specific case studies, which are based on the practice of financial management, and the case-law, the effects of the determination of the transfer pricing methods, comparison of their advantages and disadvantages in establishing transfer prices in the Czech Republic. At the conclusion of the thesis summed up the results and recommend the adoption of more appropriate legislation in each of the areas of transfer pricing in the Czech Republic.
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Small Size Municipality Revenues in Czech Republic
JIREKOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the system of municipality incomes in the Czech Republic with respect to specifics of small municipalities. In last few years these municipalities have become a frequently discussed topic because of their lower incomes. The legislation has been devoting to this problem since 2008 and the differences between large and small municipalities in the Czech Republic were removed. There is income analysis of all municipalities in the Czech Republic from 2000 up to 2012 in this thesis. The municipalities were divided into two groups. The first group contains small villages, defined as municipalities up to 499 inhabitants. In the second group there are other municipalities of the Czech Republic except small villages, statutory cities and the Capital City of Prague. The real data were recalculated per head for this analysis and minimum, maximum, median and arithmetic mean were found. Variability of incomes is evaluated from these results. Regression and correlation analysis is made in some groups of revenues because of finding dependence among variables. Disparity in incomes of small towns and other communities is assessed by comparing the arithmetic means and medians between groups of municipalities using a Two-Sample t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Revenue growth is evaluated determination of the trends of the time series using linear regression. Some specifics in financing small villages were found from these analyzes. There was also confirmation of the hypothesis that small municipalities have lower incomes per an inhabitant.
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Application of Queueing Theory
VÁŇOVÁ, Eliška
The goal of this thesis was to understand Queueing Theory and use it for analysis of queueing system of hypermarket company PZV. Theoretical part is consists of basic iformations which is necessary to know for application of queueing theory. First chapter is about random variables, random event, random proces, stochastic and Poisson processes and Markov chains. Then was possible to describe queueing theory basic characteristics, parameters, analy-sis, classification and basic models. In the practical part was from the beginning analyze development of custo-mers going through cashier zone. On the base of analysis were customers divided into 4 groups. For these groups were counted characteristics and parameters, next was analyzed the system, but because data were too inaccurate, it was necessary to use different values for the groups and to count analysis for these values. The last step was to find number of cashiers to make system optimal. The result, it was 4 ca-shiers, was unfortunately not accurate. For better results it would be necessary to have more detail data.
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Selection of the optimal financing housing for selected client
HOLÝ, Hubert
At the beginning of the thesis I am focused on gathering information on mortgage loans in the current financial market. At the beginning of the chapter on mortgage credit, I will discuss dividing the mortgage loans. I draw up a detailed procedure that has everything a client to do to get a loan, what are the procedures in banks and what banks need to know information about the client. The next chapter will bring information on building savings and conditions, which the client must satisfy in order to get a loan from the savings. Also characteristic of this product. In the last chapter of the theoretical part of the introductory acquainted readers with investments in mutual funds and bring their individual characteristics and procedures for negotiation. In the practical part will deal has particular offering selected companies, which will be compared using the methods of multi-criteria decision. The work is divided on the analysis of mortgage loans, building savings and investment products. Information from these analyzes will also be used for application to a specific customer with specific requirements for housing. From the client I find out any information about his wishes and requirements for their future with regards to housing. The client chooses the aspects that are most important for him and the order in which they should be respected. It is for this reason that it is often not important final amount that the client pays for the loan, but for him the current situation in life more important monthly installment. Finally, the client selected the optimal variant, as can finance their own housing.
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The Use of the Addictive Drugs by the Seniors
KOPAČKOVÁ, Dominika
The bachelor thesis deals with using addictive substances by senior citizens. The age cathegoty 60+ should not be omitted when speaking of using addictive substances. Even senior citizens are users of some addictive substances, especially drugs. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and explorative one. There are four chapters in the theoretical part (Old age and ageing, Substance addiction, Addictive substances and their classification, Usage of addictive substances in the old age) and summarizes the knowledge from recent literature about this topic. First, the old age and ageing are described. This chapter deals with ageing and old age of the human. This work describes the right mental hygiene, too. Multi-factorial manifestation of the old age (biological, psychological and social) is mentioned as well. In the second chapter there are described the factors that increase probability of the addiction origin. These factors can be genetic, biological, and psychological. There are mentioned some system models of the formation, development and maintenance of addiction, dependence and definition of the signs that addiction manifests. The third chapter divides addictive substances between legal and illegal. There are their effects, impacts on the human organism decribed. The group of legal addictive substances are included tobacco, alcohol, drugs and certain foods. Illegal substances represented here by cannabis, hallucinogens, stimulants, opiates. The last fourth chapter focuses directly on the addictive behaviour of the senior citizens. Seniors are also users of substances with addictive potential. At first alcoholism is mapped, other chapters devote addiction to nicotine, drugs and narcotics. The main goal of the thesis is to determine whether seniors use an addictive substance. A partial goal of is to find out the extent and cause of using addictive substances by the senior population. To find out these goals there were used the principles of quantitive research. To collect the data there were used questionnaires, created all by the author. The questionnaires were created with open and closed questiones and used in the printed form. The research has been conducted in Sušice and its close surroundings in February 2015. Respondents were the people with the least age limit of 70 years. These were 40 people living in their households or home for elderly. The results show that also amongst senior citizens can be found those ones who use the addictive substances. Current problem are by the doctor prescribed drugs. Today´s senior citizen uses drugs regularly, very often also combination of more drugs. Seniors often use medication to relieve the pain because the pain occurs more frequently. They use drugs to help them sleep better, too. The next group of addictive substances, which this chapter deals with, are drugs with a shoothing effect. There are smokers between the senior citizens who bare this bad habit from their midlife. Some research shows that cannabis helps people with Parkinson's and Alzheimer´s disease. Seniors do not use cannabis for these purposes because it is not legal. Alcohol is drunk by older people on occassion, on the other hand there are also people who drink such an amount that is not considered as not-risky. Seniors do not drink so much on one occasion, compared to the young generation. In the thesis this problem is described more detailed. Results of the research can be used by lay public to understand issues of addictive substances better. This thesis can be source of information for students of healt-social fields of study and it can improve the awareness about reasons of using addictive substances amongs senior citizens.
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