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Reinforced concrete aeration tank
Vlach, Jakub ; Strnad, Jiří (referee) ; Šulák, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this work is to design and static analysis features open embedded aeration tank wastewater treatment plants, in particular the assessment base plate and exterior walls. On the basis of reports is prepared drawings consisting of reinforcement drawings and drawing shapes. The proposal was made on the values of the internal forces of the outputs of computer program SCIA Engineer 2012-Student Edition.
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Reconstruction of storm water overflow for constructed wetlands
Herman, Matej ; Hyánková,, Eva (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The thesis of my bachelor work is the design of a new control system of through-flow area in the existing storm water overflow channel, which is used in current constructed wetland, located in Drážovice village and which does not fulfill flow conditions. The target of the work is to design and verify the function of the controller which ensures decreasing of the flows, or reduction of the water level height in case of overflow during raining. Prior to the design, there had been made mathematical and graphic descriptions with using of the Excel and AutoCad and the results are applied for the laboratory model. The thesis consists of the theoretical analysis of the current status and the new solution design. The main point is based on the control of the water level in overflow channel with flexible diameter from 0.3 m till 0.2m. The construction of the existing storm water overflow channel was done in laboratory conditions, as well as the new designed controlled device. After built-up of the model, there have been made measurings and following corrections to reach the ideal status. For using of this controller in constructed wetland in Dražovice, there will be also needed very precise set up of this device for its everyday usage.
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The Dependency of the Volume Activity of I-131 in a Hospital Sewage Treatment Plant on the Amount of I-131 Used as a Medical Treatment in the Nuclear Medicine Ward
KAMPELSHEIMEROVÁ, Šárka
The subject of the work is radiation protection at a nuclear medicine workplace with a bed section in connection with the therapy of thyroid gland diseases using radioisotope 131I. In the theoretical part, the work briefly deals with the anatomy and pathology of the thyroid gland and ways of therapy, and outlines the basic characteristics of radioisotope 131I and history of nuclear medicine and radiation protection. In the practical part, there is a verification of the efficiency of radiation protection when handling liquid waste and a verification of the correlation of the activity of liquid waste with the activity of radiopharmaceutical administered. The malignant tumours of the thyroid gland constitute 0,5?1 % of all tumoral diseases. Some types of this tumour, which are histologically differentiated, retain the capability of extracting iodine from blood and are thus suitable for being treated using iodine radioisitope. That's why these types of tumour are treated most frequently at nuclear medicine departments. The basis of therapy is the surgical removal of tumoral tissue, usually of the whole thyroid gland, and administration of radioisotope 131I. When treating the thyroid gland, the patient is always hospitalized at a nuclear medicine department with a bed section. Radioisotope 131I is mixed ? and ? emitter and after being administred to a patient, it is the source of radiation danger for hospital personnel, possibly for others individuals. At the same time it is excreted from the organism by urine, stool and sweat. On that score due attention must be paid to safety measures. In view of the magnitude of this problem and the emphasis that is currently laid to protection against ionizing radiation, I chose this issue as a subject of my bachelor's work. The goal of the practical part of the work was to verify whether the limits set by Decree No. 307/2002 Coll., as amended by Decree No. 499/2005 Coll. on radiation protection were observed under the current system of handling liquid waste in the bed section of the Nuclear Medicine Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. Two hypotheses were set: Operation regulations and current programme equipment of the technical installations for the automatic draining of waste water from the bed section of the Nuclear Medicine Department are sufficient for the limits set by Decree not being exceeded; the other hypothesis assumes that the values of the volume activity of waste water in the drainage tank of the hospital's sewage plant conform to the activity of a radiopharmaceutical administered to patients treated at the Nuclear Medicine Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. For the purposes of this work, the activity of waste in the drainage tank of the hospital's sewage plant was measured with a well detector once a week for a period of two month to verify that the activity does not exceed a release level of 455 Bql-1 set in an addendum to Decree No. 307/2002 Coll. It was ascertained by measuring that the average activity of waste in the watched period was 279,8 Bql-1, the highest activity measured on March 18, 2013 being 373 Bql-1. In the watched period, the release activity set by the law was not exceeded in any week. At the same time, the correlation of the values of radioactivity administered with the radioactivity of waste water was proved. Consequently, both hypotheses of the work were proved. The work proved that the limits set by Decree No. 307/2002 Coll., as amended by Decree No. 499/2005 Coll. on radiation protection, were observed under the current system of handling liquid waste in the bed section of the Nuclear Medicine Department of the České Budějovice Hospital.
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Výzkum a ochrana hydrosféry - výzkum vztahů a procesů ve vodní složce životního prostředí‚ orientovaný na vliv antropogenních tlaků‚ její trvalé užívání a ochranu‚ včetně legislativních nástrojů
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Picek, Jiří ; Kučera, Jiří ; Simon, Ondřej ; Lochovský, Petr ; Slavík, Ondřej ; Novický, Oldřich ; Mičaník, Tomáš
Shrnutí výsledků za jednotlivé oddíly a uvedení publikací spojených s projektem. Oddíl A - Hydrologie - tvorba odtoku a dynamika jakosti vody, ledové a přívalové povodně, předpovědi v reálném čase, výzkum účinnějších postupů ovlivňování extrémních hydrologických situací, vliv přítomnosti tzv. mrtvého dřeva v inundačním území. Oddíl B - Společenstva a organismy - výzkum vlivu variability hydrologických a chemických parametrů na dynamiku společenstva fytoplanktonu v tekoucích vodách, struktura makrozoobentosu a fytobentosu ve vztahu k hydromorfologii toku a antropogennímu ovlivnění, modelování struktury společenstev ryb pod vlivem variability průtoku a geomorfologie toku, výzkum oblasti mikrobiálního znečištění povrchových a odpadních vod. Oddíl C - Povrchové vody a antropogenní vlivy - vlivy antropogenně silně pozměněných povodí na kvalitu odtékající vody, studium výskytu a chování přírodních a umělých radionuklidů v hydrosféře včetně antropogenního ovlivnění, hodnocení a sledování vodních ekosystému a jejich antropogenního ovlivnění, vývoj a zavádění analytických metod do vodohospodářské praxe pro látky nebezpečné ve vodním prostředí, chování a transformace specifických polutantů ve vodních ekosystémech. Oddíl D Voda a zvláště chráněné části přírody - vliv suchozemských ekosystémů a dalších vlivů na ochranné podmínky na vodu, vázaných zvláště chráněných území, vlivy lesních ekosystémů s různým způsobem obhospodařování na kvalitu odtékající vody, podmínky zachování výskytu zvláště chráněných druhů vodních a mokřadních organismů. Oddíl E - Plošné a difúzní zdroje znečištění - kombinované systémy čištění odpadních vod v oblastech s nadstandardními nároky na ochranu vod, extenzivní metody čištění vod a jejich účinnost, vsakování přečištěných vod a dešťových vod v malých sídlech. Oddíl F - Nástroje - vývoj hodnotících systémů zaměřených na výstupy podporující výkon státní správy, vývoj a aplikace informačních nástrojů nutných pro činnosti související s plánováním v oblasti vod, využití aplikací GIS v oblasti vodohospodářských dat, nástroje pro zhodnocení vlivu emisí na chemický stav povrchových vod a vývoj systémů jeho hodnocení, vývoj a aplikace legislativních nástrojů v oblasti ochrany a jakosti vod.
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Appropriate technology for recycling of phosphorus from surface water and wastewater
Holba, Marek ; Maršálek, Blahoslav ; Maršálková, Eliška ; Plotěný, Miroslav
There were identified the sources of phosphorus, which should be used to maximize the recycling procedures. To achieve these improvements new recycling technologies were introduced. Currently, there are quite a wide range of technology solutions, where every solution has its pros and cons. And no technology shows itself as clearly the best solution. However in the modern world are technologies focused on recycling procedures of phosphorus in the form of struvite and processing of sewage sludge. While for developing countries appears to be the most appropriate technology based on the separation of urine and manure from livestock.
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