|
|
Use of the organism Daphnia magna in a multigenerational ecotoxicity test
Klasová, Kristýna ; Maršálková, Eliška (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the multigenerational effect of microparticles of the biodegradable polymer polyhydroxybutyrate (P3HB) on the freshwater organism Daphnia magna. The presence of microplastics in the environment is a frequently discussed environmental problem, hence efforts are being made to develop biodegradable plastics that would degrade more easily in the environment. The most studied biopolymer P3HB, however, there is not much information on its ecotoxicity yet. In the context of this work, ecotoxicity was assessed using a multigeneration assay; in addition, the effect of P3HB microparticles was compared to that of naturally occurring particles. Multigeneration assays are not yet commonly used for ecotoxicological evaluation, but they offer a comprehensive and realistic view of the effect of the test substance on the test organisms. In this work, 4 generations of D. magna were exposed to P3HB microparticles and kaolin microparticles for comparison. The results showed no negative effect on the mortality of the organism, but a slight decrease in reproductive activity was observed.
|
|
|
Influence of microbioplastics on aquatic plants
Mácová, Sabina ; Maršálková, Eliška (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
Plastic pollution is becoming a serious environmental problem, for this reason, in recent years efforts have been made to propose alternatives to conventional plastics. Biodegradable plastics appeared to be a possible alternative due to similar properties to synthetic plastics and because they are considered safe and degradable in the environment. However, under real conditions, biodegradation is a relatively time-consuming process that can lead only to biofragmentation into small particles, co-called microbioplastics. So far, very little is known about their impact on the environment. This work deals with the ecotoxicological influence of biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) microparticles in two size fractions (particles
|
|
|
Biotic threats to garden monuments: algae, cyanobacteria and invasive plant species
Pergl, Jan ; Perglová, Irena ; Albrechtová, J. ; Antl, Tomáš ; Abarenkov, K. ; Baldrian, Petr ; Cihlářová, L. ; Klečka, Jan ; Kohout, Petr ; Kvasničková, Jana ; Maršálek, Blahoslav ; Maršálková, Eliška ; Pejchal, Miloš ; Petružálková, M. ; Petřík, Petr ; Pyšek, Petr ; Sádlo, Jiří ; Štefl, Lukáš ; Tedersoo, L. ; Větrovský, T. ; Vlk, Lukáš ; Vojík, Martin ; Vosátka, Miroslav ; Zezulka, Štěpán
Chateau, city parks and gardens are perceived as harmonious parts of the landscape. Unfortunately, even these areas have to face various threats, and they can be a threat to the surrounding environment. The exhibition /catalogue presents a look at the organisms that threaten parks. These threats cover unwelcomed invaders covering invasive plants and small microorganisms in the soil, on facades, statues or in water. On the other hand, some species that are intentionally brought to the parks can be risky not only the gardens themselves but also their surroundings.
Fulltext:  PDF
|
|
|
Návrh managementu a zpřístupnění VKP Maděrany v k.ú. Hajany, bývalý okres Brno - venkov
Maršálková, Eliška
The purpose of the bachelor thesis was to propose a management plan for the important landscape element Maderany and its accessibility. The management proposal was based on an investigation of the current state of the area and on other restrictions, imposed by the forestry management plan and urban planning documentation of the municipality. The attachment contains graphical representations of placement suggestions for each intervention. A literary research on the term important landscape element was conducted as part of the overview of the subject.
|
|
|
Projekt revitalizace ovocného sadu v k.ú. Hajany
Maršálková, Eliška
The first part of the thesis summarizes the theoretical background elaborated from the literature dealing with the issue of functional plantations in the landscape and extensive management in connection with fruit trees. In addition, field surveys were carried out at the selected locality, which consisted of locality surveys and focused on the current state of existing woody vegetation. By processing the information obtained in the theoretical part and in the field work, variants of the restoration of the old kit at the selected location were proposed. The optimal variant then became the main subject of the second part of the thesis, in which it was further elaborated into modified project documentation for zoning proceedings.
|
|
|
Vliv klíštěcích slin na fagocytózu borelií dendritickými buňkami
MARŠÁLKOVÁ, Eliška
In this study we examined the effect of the tick saliva from I. ricinus and the effect of recombinant protein IRS-2 from the saliva of I. ricinus on dendritic cells derived from the mice bone marrow. We studied their effect on the production of cytokines by dendritic cells after the stimulation by B. burgdorferi, their effect on the expression of genes, that participate in phagocytosis, and the impact of the tick saliva on phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi by dendritic cells.
|
|
|
Process of destratification at Brno dam reservoir
Marek, Tomáš ; Maršálková, Eliška (referee) ; Palčík,, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with the process of destratification at the Brno dam reservoir within the activities of a larger project "Clean Svratka", aimed to improvement of water quality in the catchment area upstream the Brno dam. At the Brno dam the project "Implementation of measures at the Brno Reservoir" has been in progress for the third year. Its aim is the proposal and implementation of measures to suppress the cyanobacteria mass development in the dam lake. One of the key measures is aeration and mixing of dam water through a 20 aeration tower. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on seasonal conditions in the dam lake, the technology suitable for destratification and aeration and possibilities of their use. In the practical part of the thesis the seasonal destratification and the impact of meteorological conditions are monitored.
|
|
|
Possibilities of removal of selected estrogens from water using
Maršálková, Eliška ; Maršálek, Blahoslav ; Endo, Valentina ; Godoy Alonso, Paula ; Jančula, Daniel
Advanced wastewater treatment technologies are focused on removal of micropolutants such as pharmaceuticals, estrogen disrupting compounds etc. To protect public health it is not possible to stop using pharmaceuticals, but it is necessary to find environmental friendly technologies which can remove or reducce these compounds. So called green technology and ferrates belongs to this treatment. It was found that estrogenes are reduced/removed from wastewater with different efficiency by common processes as it is shown in this paper. Processes using vegetative treatment and activated sludge treatment are compared. Results of estrogen removal by zerovalent iron and hexavalent iron are introduced.
|
|
|
Estrogens in surface waters - sources, concentration, detection
Maršálek, Blahoslav ; Sadílek, Jan ; Maršálková, Eliška ; Endo, Valentina ; Godoy Alonso, Paula
Estrogenity in the surface water become to be a topic, where the orientation for not educated people should be difficult. At first, estrogens in the surface water cannot be substituted by the expressionenndocrine disrupting compounds (ED) what is more wide term (including estrogenity and e.g. androgenity). Compounds with estrogenic activity detected in surface waters are not only the contraceptive pills as is somewhere simplified, but it is a wide spectrum of compounds like PCB, heavy metals, pharmacs, pesticides etc. Moreover – estrogenic activity display also naturally synthetized compounds by plants (phytoestrogens), fungi (mycoestrogens), or by algae and cyanobacteria (phycoestrogens). These compounds are not analysed in the surface water yet. Exception is some rare analyses of phytoestrogens, we presume, that phycoestrogens can be produced in aquatic ecosystem in ecotoxicologically relevant concentrations. Estrogens can be detected in the water, sediments or in the aquatic biota by instrumental analyses (LC-MS/MS), or by ELISA, or e.g. by bioassays, which can detect also so called potential estrogens ( are able to bind to some of estrogen receptors, but effects in vivo were not proved yet). In the case of the comparison, or the interpretation of results from different sources we must consider the used detection method. Instrumental analyses are dedicated to selected compounds.. Bioassays represent the sum of compounds with (with proved, or potential) estrogenic activity. That is why we strongly recommend to pay an attention on the methods of sampling and analyse in the case of interpretation and comparison of estrogenity results from different resources. In the case of literature data usingincomparable methods or high detection limit we recommend the high carefulness. Where it is possible we recommend the combination of instrumental analyse with in vitro bioassays for detection of estrogenity in surface waters.
|
|
|
Optimalization of the protocol for dendritic cell derivation from bone marrow and comparison with spleen dendritic cells
MARŠÁLKOVÁ, Eliška
Dendritic cells are the main antigen presenting cells of the immune system. Their primary function is to process and to present antigen, and they are the only cells that are able to trigger a primary response in naive T lymphocytes. The aim of this study wa to find out what conditions of derivation from bone marrow are most suitable for obtaining the purest population of dendritic cells. Further the purity, phenotype, levels of activation, and the amount of cytokines produced were compared in splenic cells and cells derived from bone marrow cells.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.