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Dubová, Kateřina ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Brisku, Adrian (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the clash of old and new traditions of Islam in post-Soviet space, using the example of the Pankisi Gorge. This phenomenon occurred there in the 1990s. The new traditions had significant impacts on Muslim societies in the post-Soviet space and the Islam that these societies traditionally practised. These impacts include, for example, the cultural, social and security aspect. The aim of this thesis is to analyse these consequences using the example of the Georgian Pankisi Gorge, where traditional Sufism and the newly introduced Salafism have clashed. The primary method used in the thesis is the case study method. The thesis generalizes the findings about the Pankisi Gorge to the whole post-Soviet space. The text also uses the method of analysis of secondary sources and primary sources in the form of interviews with Pankisi residents. These interviews were conducted by the author in March 2024. The result of this analysis is that the new traditions of Islam cause mainly cultural transformation of Muslim societies, to a lesser extent they are the cause of social changes in societies and to a lesser extent they are a security threat. In the security sphere, the new traditions of Islam are a threat if they are practised in their radical form.
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The Position of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Wahhabism between 1992 and 2016
Lalić, Jan ; Žíla, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
Wahhabi interpretation of Islam, which came to Bosnia and Herzegovina with the arrival of foreign fighters and humanitarian organizations from Islamic countries during the war between 1992 and 1995, developed a conflicting relationship with the local Islamic tradition. Diploma thesis The position of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Wahhabism between 1992 and 2016 uses a critical analysis of primary sources to explain development of the position of the official religious institution of Bosnian Muslims, the Islamic Community, to Wahhabism and its supporters since their arrival to the present. This paper shows that although the Islamic Community often seemed ambivalent in its approach, it took a negative stance to the alien religious tradition from the outset and even though its activities were inconsistent, the Islamic Community contributed to preventing the spread of Wahhabism in the country. Furthermore, we show that the position of the Islamic Community was rather determined by political needs than by religious incentives.
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Wahhabi/Salafi Rhetoric in the Northern Part of the Caucasus Region
Kováčiková, Zuzana ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Beránek, Ondřej (referee)
Salafism is considered a powerful mobilising ideology used by many Islamist and terrorist movements worldwide. This ideology was also adopted by the Caucasus Emirate, a once influential terrorist organisation that used to operate in the mountains of Russian Northern Caucasus. This paper thoroughly analyses religious ideas and trends behind North-Caucasian Salafism, as the body of academic sources concerning this issue is quite limited up to now. The analysis deals with main topics and narratives of the Caucasus Emirate Salafist propaganda, but also considers religious authorities that grant theological legitimacy to these ideological concepts. Both Arab and North-Caucasian spiritual leaders and ideologues are under scrutiny of this analysis. Concluding part of this paper outlines shifts in the rhetoric, which are caused by the conflict between the Caucasus Emirate and the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and Levant. Analysis of the rhetoric draws conclusions using previously published academic work as well as the authentic internet sources, i.e. jihadist websites and videos in the Russian language. The paper suggests that the rhetoric of North-Caucasian Salafists is generally similar to the rhetoric of any other jihadist movement, but at the same time it contains number of inconsistencies as it...
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The Position of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Wahhabism between 1992 and 2016
Lalić, Jan ; Žíla, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
Wahhabi interpretation of Islam, which came to Bosnia and Herzegovina with the arrival of foreign fighters and humanitarian organizations from Islamic countries during the war between 1992 and 1995, developed a conflicting relationship with the local Islamic tradition. Diploma thesis The position of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Wahhabism between 1992 and 2016 uses a critical analysis of primary sources to explain development of the position of the official religious institution of Bosnian Muslims, the Islamic Community, to Wahhabism and its supporters since their arrival to the present. This paper shows that although the Islamic Community often seemed ambivalent in its approach, it took a negative stance to the alien religious tradition from the outset and even though its activities were inconsistent, the Islamic Community contributed to preventing the spread of Wahhabism in the country. Furthermore, we show that the position of the Islamic Community was rather determined by political needs than by religious incentives.
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Wahhabism on the Balkans : the case study of Bosnia and Hercegovina
Janková, Vladimíra ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Oberpfalzerová, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of the current Wahhabi movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this thesis is to assess the size of the movement, its ties with militant Islamist groups, financing, relations with the majority of the Bosnian society and the extent of potential security threat posed by the Bosnian Wahhabis. Due to the prevailing view of most sources dealing with the topic through the prism of security studies, the analysis focuses apart from security segment on political and economic areas. The study set independent, intermediate and dependent variables in order to verify an assumption that the influence and the scope of Wahhabi movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina is on a wane, and despite the presence of several thousand of Wahhabis, it neither poses a significant threat to social order nor development of the country. The findings indicate that financial involvement of foreign Islamic actors in the Bosnian Wahhabi movement is limited. Political instability together with socio-economic difficulties of certain groups of the Bosnian society do no lead to the growth of the Wahhabi community, however, they belong among factors which can potentially contribute to an increase of Islamic radicalisation in the country.
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External influences on Bulgarian Muslims
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Pikal, Kamil (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The paper "External influences on Bulgarian Muslims" describes what affects the belief of Pomaks (Bulgarian-speaking Muslims) and Bulgarian Turks; first, the assimilation campaigns during the 20th century, second, the new foreign policy of Turkey and third, the work of charity organizations connected with Saudi Arabia. The objective of this paper is to explain, why the Pomaks lean towards a fundamentalist form of Islam - Wahhabism - in some towns and villages. In order to do that the text describes bulgarization campaigns aimed at the Pomaks and Turks and introduces both of these ethnic groups that together form 13 % of the Bulgarian population. The paper then describes the Turkish influence in the Balkans, especially the work of the Turkish Presidency of Religious Affairs (the so called Diyanet). The second foreign influence that is described in this text are the activities of Saudi Arabian organizations which are explained at large, including the connection of some of these organizations with terrorists and the ways in which they try to spread the fundamentalist Islam. These three influences are shortly compared. Based on this comparison the text concludes that the Pomaks accept Wahhabism, because they face long term questioning of their ethnic identity and because the political situation in...
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The position of Saudi Arabia in international relations
Cimpová, Jitka ; Novotná, Yvona (advisor) ; Volenec, Otakar (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to characterize the position and significance of Saudi Arabia in current international relations on the grounds of the historical development analysis and aspects that influence both national and foreign policy; and to zoom in the background of strategic partnership with chosen countries as well as in their consequences. Four chapters make the reader familiar with the concept of islam, wahhabi orthodoxy, shari'a law and the reign of the Saudi dynasty monarchs. They depict the progress in the political sphere and the reforms of King Abdullah as well. The economic situation and orientation is presented briefly with the power structure. The principal part is formed by the analysis of foreign policy and characteristics of possible clashes of concerns in bilateral relations with neighbouring states and other strategic partners.
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