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Ohrožení potravinové bezpečnosti vybraných zemí Afriky a Blízkého východu vlivem válečného konfliktu na Ukrajině
Holzerová, Valentýna
The aim of the thesis was to determine the impact of the war conflict in Ukraine on the export of wheat and maize from Ukraine to selected countries in the Middle East and North Africa. Lebanon and Libya were chosen to handle the impact of the said conflict due to their heavy dependence on Ukrainian wheat and maize imports. The literature review focuses on the stability of food access, specifically the impact of war conflicts on food security, including the historical context. The results of the paper include Ukraine's position within world agricultural markets. Total agricultural production and exports of wheat, maize and other crops from Ukraine to selected countries for the period 2010-2020 were investigated. The evolution of wheat and maize exports since the beginning of the war in Ukraine was also tracked. The selected countries were then surveyed on the reasons for their own insufficient agricultural production and why they are so dependent on grain imports. Based on the collected data and food security indicators, the impacts of the war in Ukraine were investigated. For selected countries, the consumption of wheat and maize for both human consumption and feed purposes was surveyed.With the closure of Black Sea ports since the start of the war and the significant reduction in grain exports from Ukraine, both Lebanon and Libya have faced sharp price increases and reduced imports of grain and oilseeds from Ukraine. For both Lebanon and Libya, wheat is a staple agricultural crop that provides a regular source of food. Maize is also a widely imported commodity that is used as livestock feed rather than for human consumption. Lebanon is more vulnerable to reduced wheat imports, while Libya is vulnerable to reduced maize imports.Both countries are highly dependent on cereal imports, and in addition, the countries face a number of challenges that already threaten their food security. The thesis also compares which of the selected countries has been more impacted by the war and why.
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War Photojournalism and Violence in Worldwide Photojournalism Contests
Patzner, Dominik ; Lábová, Sandra (advisor) ; Silverio, Robert (referee)
This master's thesis researches how often and how worldwide photojournalism competitions award photographs that capture phenomena such as war conflicts, violence, and their consequences. The basis of this research is a hypothesis that shots capturing described phenomena dominate some of the contest categories. The theoretical part contains fundamental information related to the topic of the research - negativity as a news value and the concept of war frame in the journalism field. Peace journalism and solutions journalism have developed to answer to the high rate of negative content in the news, as they do not focus on the negative aspects of events, which presents a different approach to journalistic work. The relation between those two approaches and photojournalism is described in more detail, so is a brief overview of worldwide contests and their influence on the photojournalism field. The research part of the thesis combines content analysis with semiotic analysis and delves into the frequency of awarding described photographs and the content of the photographs, as well as the development in awarding such pictures in time. The research also includes the analysis of several photographs that can be considered a part of peace or solutions journalism. The semiotic analysis then explores such pictures in...
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Gender Analysis of the Status of Women in Iraq - Impact of the Current Conflict on the Life of Iraqi Woman
Šámalová, Klára ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This thesis is focused on the impact of the current conflict on the status of Iraqi women. It extends my diploma thesis from the year 2007. With the aid of a comparative method, this thesis attempts to compare and contrast the situation of women during the period of Baath regime with the conditions after the US-led invasion. First of all, it discusses a position of feminism within the field of the International Relations and also a general impact of violent conflicts and wars on the situation of women. In comparison with the diploma thesis, a new chapter focused on the role of women in Muslim countries was added. Following chapter is devoted to the status of women prior the Baath regime seized the power. The core part of the thesis consists of the chapters 4 and 5 which include several sub-chapters. Chapter 4 describes the role of women during the rule of Baath regime and Saddam Hussein and it is structured according to time line. Chapter 5 deals with the situation of women in current Iraq. Compared to the diploma thesis, new data are available and a new sub-chapter focused on the period 2008 - 2010 was added. Finally, the last chapter of the thesis concentrates on the situation of Kurdish women in the northern part of the country. The main question of this thesis is: "Has the status of Iraqi women...
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War photographer Antonín Kratochvíl
Vondrášková, Alena ; Lábová, Alena (advisor) ; Halada, Jan (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis gives an idea of the personality and work of the photographer Antonín Kratochvíl. Kratochvíl is one of eminent photographers not only in the Czech Republic, but also worldwide. The objective of this thesis is to describe his attitudes to photographing and situations he depicts, in particular attitudes to depicting war conflicts and violence. He strives for summarizing key events affecting his life and for ascertaining how such situations influenced his work. The thesis describes how the author depicts facts from esthetical, technical or ethical viewpoints. By concrete photographs, it tries to explain the method how Kratochvíl works, summarize his principles and assess the possible causes of his success. The thesis also detects the aspects of journalistic photographs and professional, social- political and esthetical aspects of the profession of the photographer.
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War photographer Antonín Kratochvíl
Vondrášková, Alena ; Lábová, Alena (advisor) ; Halada, Jan (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis gives an idea of the personality and work of the photographer Antonín Kratochvíl. Kratochvíl is one of eminent photographers not only in the Czech Republic, but also worldwide. The objective of this thesis is to describe his attitudes to photographing and situations he depicts, in particular attitudes to depicting war conflicts and violence. He strives for summarizing key events affecting his life and for ascertaining how such situations influenced his work. The thesis describes how the author depicts facts from esthetical, technical or ethical viewpoints. By concrete photographs, it tries to explain the method how Kratochvíl works, summarize his principles and assess the possible causes of his success. The thesis also detects the aspects of journalistic photographs and professional, social- political and esthetical aspects of the profession of the photographer.
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Gender Analysis of the Status of Women in Iraq - Impact of the Current Conflict on the Life of Iraqi Woman
Šámalová, Klára ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This thesis is focused on the impact of the current conflict on the status of Iraqi women. It extends my diploma thesis from the year 2007. With the aid of a comparative method, this thesis attempts to compare and contrast the situation of women during the period of Baath regime with the conditions after the US-led invasion. First of all, it discusses a position of feminism within the field of the International Relations and also a general impact of violent conflicts and wars on the situation of women. In comparison with the diploma thesis, a new chapter focused on the role of women in Muslim countries was added. Following chapter is devoted to the status of women prior the Baath regime seized the power. The core part of the thesis consists of the chapters 4 and 5 which include several sub-chapters. Chapter 4 describes the role of women during the rule of Baath regime and Saddam Hussein and it is structured according to time line. Chapter 5 deals with the situation of women in current Iraq. Compared to the diploma thesis, new data are available and a new sub-chapter focused on the period 2008 - 2010 was added. Finally, the last chapter of the thesis concentrates on the situation of Kurdish women in the northern part of the country. The main question of this thesis is: "Has the status of Iraqi women...
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Conflict in Syria resolution strategies
Prymak, Yana ; Kochan, Jan (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of the syrian conflict resolution. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part consists of theoretical and methodological basis of the problem. Furthermore, it outlines the brief history of the conflict, defining individual actors and their interests. The third and final part is the core of the entire thesis and forms its practical side. There will be proposed a strategy of the Syrian conflict resolution in the form of recommendations to the world community and especially the Western superpowers and the United Nations.
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Respecting the human rights in the war
HOJDA, Radek
There is a big importancy beloning to the human rights topic. Therefore this this thesis aims to describe the problemacy of human rights focusing on war conflicts. The work is devided into two parts - theoretical and practial. In the theoretical part of the work will be introduced basic notions and the history of war conflicts related to the evolution of the understanding and respect for human rights. Practical part of the work focuses on the conversations with war veterans about respect for human rights in war conflicts. These veterans participated directly in some of the war conflicts. The aim of this part of the work was to find out, if these veterans encountered any human rights violence in the war conflict. As a research method was used a quality conversation directly with the war veterans. We can see the results directly in the concrete interviews, which will be further evaluated in the discussion part.
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Ukrainian crisis 2014 and possible international consequences
Zingerová, Alina ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the theme of Ukrainian crisis, which began in late 2013 by demonstrations in Kiev and during 2014 escalated into the war in the Eastern Ukraine. The aim is to analyze certain aspects and presumptions of the crisis and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The first part of thesis focuses on the historical aspect of the crisis -- since the beginning of the formation of the Ukrainian state to modern history and also on the aspect of internal politics and the persisting problem of oligarchy. The second part of thesis aims to introduce the particular incidents of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict as it has happened so far, and resulting consequences that has affected not only the countries directly involved in the conflict, but also the entire international community.
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The solution proposals for crisis situations caused by mass chemical intoxication
BENEŠOVÁ, Silvie
The production and processing of various chemicals and raw materials all around the world currently exceeds hundreds of millions of tonnes a year and is constantly growing. In addition, the spectre of produced materials is increasing, including relatively toxic compounds. It is absolutely clear that such production volumes lead to a risk of accidents with the leakage of chemical toxicants, and {--} depending on the toxicity of the relevant substances {--} these accidents represent a serious threat for human health, animals and the environment.Disasters involving chemicals drew public attention already in the 20th century, when ways were sought to guarantee the safety of production, storage and transportation of hazardous materials. This is also an essential prerequisite for the occurrence of an accident involving the leakage of chemical toxicants {--} the presence of such toxicants in the production, processing, storage or transportation.Whether during wars or in peacetime, there are situations when large numbers of people can be exposed to the effects of a wide spectre of hazardous chemical substances (NCHL). These situations include military operations, campaigns by the integrated rescue system (IZS), industrial accidents or acts of terror. In developed industrial countries, the capacities used for the production, storage, processing and transportation of NCHL are usually localized in urban industrial zones. The high concentrations of these hazardous chemical substances within these zones represent a potential health risk for the people nearby. Chemical safety is a challenge and a must. I find this issue attractive and therefore decided to analyse, in my thesis, the causes of mass chemical intoxication and their consequences on the affected population. The objective of this diploma thesis is to compare the forms of protection and liquidation of the consequences of such accidents and try to find, structure and unify the recommendations regarding the solution of emergencies associated with mass chemical intoxications. Another objective was to verify the hypothesis that regulations and existing procedures regarding the solution of emergencies associated with mass chemical intoxications do not correspond with today{\crq}s standards and the on-going development of chemical noxious agents.
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