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Statistic evaluation of phylogeny of biological sequences
Vadják, Šimon ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Škutková, Helena (advisor)
The master's thesis provides a comprehensive overview of resampling methods for testing the correctness topology of the phylogenetic trees which estimate the process of phylogeny on the bases of biological sequences similarity. We focused on the possibility of errors creation in this estimate and the possibility of their removal and detection. These methods were implemented in Matlab for Bootstrapping, jackknifing, OTU jackknifing and PTP test (Permutation tail probability). The work aims to test their applicability to various biological sequences and also to assess the impact of the choice of input analysis parameters on the results of these statistical tests.
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Molecular typisation of lactic acid bacteria
Jelínek, Zdeněk ; Ing. Špano Miroslav,PhD. (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Lactic acid bacteria play important role both in food industry and health care. They are part of many fermented dairy products and gastrointestinal microflora. There is a whole variety of methods for bacteria identification, but we will focus on Rep-PCR and RAPD only. The aim of this work will be to discuss the impact of different correlation coefficients and cluster analysis algorithms on the results of taxonomic analysis.
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Statistic evaluation of phylogeny of biological sequences
Zembol, Filip ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Škutková, Helena (advisor)
The topic of my diploma thesis is the statistical evaluation of biological sequences with the help of phylogenic trees. In the theoretical part we will create a literary recherche of estimation methodology concerning the course of phylogeny on the basis of the similarity of biological sequences (DNA and proteins) and we will focus on the inaccuracies of the estimation, their causes and the possibilities of their elimination. Afterwards, we will compare the methods for the statistical evaluation of the correctness of the course of phylogeny. In the practical part of the thesis we will suggest algorithms that will be used for testing the correctness of the phylogenic trees on the basis of bootstrapping, jackknifing, OTU jackknifing and PTP test which are able to the capture phylogenic tree with the method neighbor joining from the biological sequences in FASTA code. It is also possible to change the distance model and the substitution matrix. To be able to use these algorithms for the statistical support of phylogenic trees we have to verify their right function. This verification will be evaluated on the theoretical sequences of the amino acids. For the verification of the correct function of the algorithms, we will carry out single statistical tests on real 10 sequences of mammalian ubiquitin. These results will be analysed and appropriately discussed.
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Samovolné šíření introdukovaných dřevin v zámeckém parku v Lednici
Hutko, Tomáš
This thesis deals with the introduction of woody plants from the past to the present. In addition to basic terminology, it focuses on the biological nature of generative and vegetative distribution of plants, especially woody plants. It addresses the spontaneous spread of non-native plant taxa, especially woody plants in the Czech and Slovak Republics. It provides a broader view of the benefits and negatives, both from the point of view of landscape architecture and from other disciplines, within the scope of deliberately using or suppressing this property. It solves the general regime and specifics within the possibility of their suitable cultivation, both in parks and in the open country. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the creation of the methodology of field investigation for the registration of individual taxa selection in the park. With the help of the developed method of field investigation it focuses on the taxa of introduced woody plants in the Lednice park. In the results, it provides a set of individualized inventory items, along with some of them, and then interpreting the results using graphs and tables. Part of the results is also a graphically processed map from the field survey by locating the evaluated items in the park.
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Biologicky aktivní látky vybraných taxonů rodu Mentha L. a možnosti jejich využití v ochraně rostlin
Kaffková, Katarína
Taxa of Mentha L. were evaluated during 2011-2014. Thirty-five taxa were evaluated in terms of morphological parameters, in term of constituents (quantity and quality of essential oil, content of phenols and flavonoids) and insecticidal activity of essential oils on Musca domestica and Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Essential oils were obtained by steam-distillation and their composition was determined by GC/MS. Content of phenolics was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, content of flavonoids was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay and antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH method. Insecticidal activities were evaluated according to the modified WHO methodology. The best insecticidal activity, for Musca and Culex, was observed in case of essential oil with majority stake of piperitenone oxide, namely essential oils obtained form taxa M. suaveolens 'Variegata' and M. sp. 'Cinderella'.
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Ověření pravosti označení taxonů rodu Origanum L. pomocí metod GC-MC a AFLP
Hradská, Lucie
The aim was to verify the authenticity marking taxa genus Origanum L. The sortments were grown at the experimental plots ZF MENDELU in 2014. The analysis of the evaluation results of the work carriedout was laso done in the same year. The assortments were morphological described. The morphological characters were such as: plant height, leaf size, inflorescence height, color of the leaves and flowers. Further details were recorded on phenological phases of the taxa. Oregano samples were assessed for quantity of essential oils by distillation and the essential oils was then subjected to qualitative evaluation using the GC-MC method. The genetic relationships were evaluated using the AFLP methods.
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Květinové záhony z přímých výsevů
Novosadová, Vladěna
The dissertation dealt with sowing annuals in the establishment of flowerbeds from direct sowing of taxon which are potentially suitable for autumn and spring sowing. In the experimental part was attempted to annuals of direct sowing. There were realized three sowings, in autumn 2013 and 2014 and in spring 2014, when were sown 26 same taxon of the seed. The aim of the experiment was evaluated the germination of seeds, height and flowering taxon, aesthetic effect of fetus, effect of taxon in the composition and suitability growing and seeding taxon. Based on all these results there were performed the comparison and evaluation and the conclusions and recommendations were defined for following experiments and practice. After evaluation all the results, interesting and perspective annuals for directautumn sowing appeared Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam., Bupleurum rotundifolium L., Clarkia pulchella Pursh. 'Mix', Consolida ambiqua (L.) P. W. Ball & Heywod. 'Hyacintokvětá', Nigella damascena L. 'Cramer s Plum', Nigella orientalis L., Papaver rhoeas L. 'Shirley Double Mixed'. There were evaluated the best and the most perspective annuals for direct spring sowing - Borago officinalis L., Bupleurum rotundifolium L., Calendula officinalis L. 'Pacific Beauty Směs', Consolida ambiqua (L.) P. W. Ball & Heywod. 'Hyacintokvětá', Cosmos bipinnatus Car. 'Sonata', Cosmos sulphureus Car. 'Redcrest', Nigella damascena L. 'Cramer s Plum'..
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