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Tax policy and housing construction
Urbanová, Tereza ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
The availability and quality of housing is very closely related to the development in the building industry and to the economic opportunities in the given state. This thesis deals with the relationship between tax policy and new housing construction. Taking influence on the building industry through tax policies - that is to say, through indirect instruments - is particularly advantageous thanks to the low administrative overhead, as no further redistribution from public budgets is necessary. Hiding behind this advantage, though, are a number of difficult-to-estimate quantifications in the form of tax allowances or, conversely, of the amount of the tax burden. Indirect instruments can influence residential development activities in both positive and negative ways, and this thesis addresses both. Aside from tax instruments, the state may support new housing construction through direct instruments, a term which covers various forms of loans at preferential terms, grants and subsidies. The aim of this thesis is to test the hypothesis about the effectiveness of housing policy in terms of housing construction through direct and indirect instruments.
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Comparison of tax reforms during the financial and economic crisis in the old and new EU countries
Dubinová, Petra ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis deals with the comparison of tax reforms during the financial and economic crisis in the old and new EU countries. My main objective is to compare the reforms implemented in individual states during the financial and economic crisis and its impact on the tax quota and tax mix. The first part deals with the causes and development of the financial and economic crisis. In the second chapter is a description of the optimal tax system and history of the tax reforms. The final chapter describes the various changes and reforms in EU countries, the development of their tax quota, tax mix, the government expenditure to GDP ratio, the government debt to GDP ratio and the impact of certain changes to the amount of taxation on labor.
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The tax system of the United Kingdom and its comparison with the Czech tax system
Zavadilová, Dominika ; Čuříková, Hana (advisor) ; Kubátová, Květa (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the tax system in the Czech Republic and Great Britain (UK). The aim of this work is to describe these two tax systems and subsequent execution of comparative analysis. The work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the tax system in the Czech Republic, the second chapter focuses on the current tax system in the UK. In the last part of this work is a comparison of the tax systems on the basis of selected indicators relating to taxation. These indicators are the tax mix, tax burden, tax determination and evolution of tax rates on personal income, corporate income and value added tax. This comparative analysis is made in the form of graphs.
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Development of the Czech Republic tax mix and it´s comparison with development of the EU members tax mix
Vyoral, Tomáš ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Schvábová, Andrea (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with the theme of tax mix. The main goal is analysis of the Czech Republic tax mix development and its comparison to the EU member states during the years 1995 -- 2010. The first theoretical part is focused on the basic tax terms, which are related to the theme of the tax mix. These include tax, tax system, tax reform and tax quota. The following section reflects the structure and development of the Czech tax mix and the major reforms of the Czech tax system until 2010. The third part focuses on a comparison of the tax mix and its development with the EU member states. First, the proportions of specific taxes in tax mixes of the EU member states are compared and then the development of the Czech tax mix is compared to the development of the EU member states average tax mix. In conclusion, there are complete comparisons and predictions expressed in the development of the tax mix of the Czech Republic.
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Changes of the tax mixes in the EU during the crisis
Nováková, Aneta ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Kostohryz, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the question whether the financial crisis caused changes in the structure of tax revenues in the EU Member States. It's necessary to specify trends in the tax mixes that helps us to determine whether the changes in the structure can be really caused by the crisis or it is EU long-term trend. The analysis focuses on indirect taxes, social contributions and direct taxes that are analyzed separately as personal income taxes and corporate income taxes. The analyzed period is the beginning of the crisis. These are mostly the changes in the turning period pre-crisis and crisis (2006 and 2007 are compared with 2008 and 2009). The analysis is performed by t-tests.
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Tax reforms in Czech Republic since 1993
Eppertová, Iveta ; Schvábová, Andrea (advisor) ; Kubátová, Květa (referee)
This thesis is describing tax reforms in the Czech Republic since 1993. It brings the definition of the tax reform first and then it describes various tax reforms the way they were carried out during this period of time in the Czech Republic. The goal of this thesis is to analyse the influence of tax reforms on the total tax revenues, on the shares of taxes collected to the total tax revenues and on the structure of tax mix. Further more this thesis shows the ways how the goals marked out in the tax reform were achieved.
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Tax competitiveness of the European Union member countries
Konderlová, Beata ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Schvábová, Andrea (referee)
This thesis deals with the tax systems and tax competitiveness of the European Union countries. Aim is to analyze the influence of competitiveness on the growth of tax revenues for selected taxes. The analysis is applied to a personal income tax, corporate income tax and value added tax. The method of constant tax shares divides the total tax revenues growth in the monitored period between two effects -- the influence of competitiveness and the influence of growth in total tax revenues. The thesis also contains characteristics of tax systems and tax mixes. Tax systems are characterized by individual taxes focusing on the importance of each tax in the tax system. Tax mixes are described by the main factors that affect them, by their historical development and current trends.
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Tax revenues of post-socialist EU member countries
Tychnová, Michala ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Blažek, Petr (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the analysis of tax revenue of the post-socialist countries that are members of the European Union. In the theoretical part there are characterized tax systems of individual states. In the practical part I compare the tax revenues of the post-socialist countries. I analyze the tax quota, the tax mix and budgetary determination of taxes. Furthermore, I compare the tax revenues of the post-socialist member states and 15 original member states of the European Union. I focus on the tax quota, the tax mix and budgetary determination of taxes. From the analyses it is clear that the tax quota of the post-socialist countries is lower than in the older Member States of the European Union. Most of the tax revenue of the post-socialist countries stems from indirect taxation, particularly value added tax.
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Tax reforms in modern history of the Czech Republic
Nováková, Aneta ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Hammer, Jiří (referee)
My Bachelor thesis is focused on tax reforms from view of the theory. The study is trying to accurately define the concept of reform and describe the most important tax changes in the period, which are called reforms. The main aim is to analyze and evaluate whether these "tax reforms" between 1993 - 2009 in the Czech Republic constitute a theoretical concept indeed. Regarding the theme extent, the focus of my thesis is mainly on four periods. We can say that clear and precise definition of reform does not exist. To a considerable extent is up to us, as we interpret the definition. Reforms are always made in response to certain changes in the systems.
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