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Porovnání technologií precizního zemědělství s konvenčními způsoby při pěstování kukuřice na siláž
PODHOLA, Matěj
This thesis deals with the comparison of precision farming and conventional farming. The thesis focuses on the sowing and fertilization of maize to be processed into silage. Two plots were worked on, each plot being farmed in a different way. Data on maize yields, silage quality and financial requirements for seed and fertiliser were compared. Before sowing, soil analyses were carried out on both plots to determine the condition and composition of the plots. The plot named "Hrobce" was cultivated with variable seeding and variable fertilisation. The second plot, named "Za Řeky" was cultivated by conventional farming. The paper describes the Harvestlab 3000 instrument, which uses NIR radiation to determine in real time the dry matter, nitrogen, starch, crude fibre, sugar and ash values of harvested maize. These data were compared between plots to verify which management practice is better for maize production and more yield efficient. Precision farming resulted in 26.9 % higher yields and lower seed and fertilizer costs. The financial savings were 5 % for seed and 8 % for fertiliser.
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Silážování mechanicky upraveného vlhkého kukuřičného zrna
Balatka, Michal
This diploma thesis examines the method of silage preparation and the effect of selected additives in mechanically treated wet corn grain (HMGC). In a literature search, the issue is summarized according to the available information, ranging from methods of using maize seeds as whole plants to split harvesting with use for silage. The development of historical methods, technological factors affecting the quality of the resulting silage, the appropriate choice of silage additives, storage to bag, opening and the method of silage collection are described. Attention is also paid to the course of the fermentation process, the various factors affecting the resulting silage are related to quality indicators and an evaluation of the quality of wet maize grain silages. In the practical part, an experiment was carried out that focuses on the application of different additives used in the ensiling of HMGC and storage time. In a specific farm, silage was placed in polyethylene bags and sampling with subsequent analyses was carried out at time intervals. Silage additive variants are compared with each other in parameters monitoring nutritional value and fermentation quality. The results were then evaluated and processed by statistical methods presented in tables and graphs.
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Analýza kvalitativních ukazatelů silážovaných krmiv
NECHVÁTAL, Jaroslav
The aim of this thesis is to analyse chosen characteristics of silage quality. Total of 119 samples of grass silage and corn silage from the year 2018 were analysed. The quality of fermentation was analysed and silage was evaluated according to "Norma 2004", german evaluation system by Kaiser 2006 and slovakian system by Mitrík 2016. All the results were compared. 82 % of samples according to "Norma 2004", 88 % according to Kaiser and 83 % according to Mitrík were classified as the first class of fermentation. The influence of additives was also included in the evaluation of fermentation. The influence of bacterial and bacterial-enzymatic additives on the content of nutrients was observed. The results were compared with the average values of the silage of the year 2018.
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Stanovení in vitro stravitelnosti organické hmoty kukuřičné siláže pepsin-celulázovou metodou
FOUS, Dominik
Silage, and especially maize silage, is the most abundant roughage both in the Czech Republic and in Europe. Silage compensates for a large part of the energy needed for the proper performance of animals. Stable efficiency and its increase can be ensured only by a constant and balanced composition of the feed ration throughout the year. Due to the importance of preparing quality feed, additives are often used. It is possible to add homofermentative bacteria to the ensiled mass with silage additives to rapidly lower the pH of the silage, or to add heterofermentative bacteria which improve aerobic stability in the silage, it is also possible to combine these bacteria or use other silage additives.
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Porovnání kvality řezanky u samojízdných sklízecích řezaček
HEŘMÁNEK, Aleš
This final thesis is dealing with feed production technologies interms of different species of plants for the purpose of livestock production or energetics. The thesis analyzes one particular technology because of wide range of options on the market nowadays. The resource review chapter provides comprehensive information about history of forage harvesters and their use in crop production up to now. A significant part of that chapter describes an overview of latest technology. The thesis focuses on self-propelled machines and is complemented by a description of individual technical solutions. The metodology part contains measurement procedure and comparison criteria of particular John Deere 8300 and New Holland FR 500 machines. All the measured values had been gathered between 2019 and 2020. These values have provided the main source for acquiring further subject. The points of comparison were feed quality, grain crushing, efficiency and fuel consumption. The last criteria in that comparison are operational costs of particular forage harvesters.
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The influence of share of selected legumes and herbs on senzoric quality of conserved biomass
ŘÍHA, Patrik
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the quality of preserved biomass in dependence on the composition of samples by sensory evaluation of individual quality indicators of grass silage. The silage of selected types of clovers, herbs was evaluated and compared with a sample of silage from maize. The main indicators included color, fragrance, moldy and rotting, consistency and the last point was counted the amount of dry matter in silage. These indicators were monitored on 33 samples of silage coming from the Vysočina Region and the Třebíč District. After the end of the preservation the indicators were scored and the points were added up. After adding the points, the individual samples were evaluated as successful or unsuccessful. Furthermore, the work focuses on the distribution of fodder in terms of carbohydrates and nitrogen substances, factors affecting forage quality, preservation of forage by silage, its processing technology and last but not least, the use of preservatives and their importance. Botanical images of selected meadows were also taken and the coverage of the evaluated species of clover and herbs as well as agrobotanical groups was determined.
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The Evaluation of quality of conserved fodder and recommendations of conservation technology improvement in selected farm
PAVLÍK, Václav
The aim of this thesis was to assess the quality of preserved forage in various ways of preserving silage. Sensory evaluation of the fermentation process and laboratory evaluation was used to assess the quality of legume-based silages in various preservation technologies. In addition, forage preservation in silage pressing technology was compared with and without additive (Silafor 2000 Plus). The literature review shows the importance of feed conservation, basic methods of conservation of forage, botanical composition of forage crops, conservation principles and their processes. The following are the advantages and disadvantages of preservation processes. In total, 3 ways of preservation of legume-free mixture - baling of foil, silage trough and silage bag - were evaluated. The evaluation of the results of the technology was based on the best results of the method of preservation in the bag, the preservation in the pit, the package using adiditive and the lower quality preservation of the package without additive. The forage quality was also significantly influenced by the proportion of oats in the mixture and the phenophase of the harvest.
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Zhodnocení kvality konzervovaných krmiv a úrovně výživy jalovic ve vybraném zemědělském podniku
FIC, Josef
Rearing heifers is one of the most important activities undertaken in the framework of the operation of dairy cattle farms. Corn silage and perennial forage crops are an important feed for livestock. During their production is important to follow all technological procedures starting from the selection of seed forage crops to quality covering the silo. Failure to observe technological processes leads to problems of poor fermentation process which results in poor feed, which immediately reflected on the animals. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate nutritive value of silages. The literature review processes the nutrition of the heifers in the agricultural cooperative Zemědělská Klučenice, a.s. It includes also the composition of the feed ration, the share of individual components and their nutrient composition. Agricultural cooperative owns modern technology. The result there were no deficiencies in feed rations and in hygiene. In the conclusion, the author suggests possible solutions improve.
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Konzervace krmiv silážováním
NECHVÁTAL, Jaroslav
This thesis as literary study is focused on the feed conservation by silaging. Especially, it deals with the elementary aims of silaging. The process of making a silage is aimed to the microbiological process, the technology of silage production and the possibility of the usage of aditives. In the silaging technology, there are described different ways of conservation, which are important for the production of quality silage in different conditions, which can occur. The aditives stabilise the process and improve the quality and taste of silage. Quality silage is an assumption of good health of animals and their high production, which is a base of the farm economy.
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