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Modern trends in the design of frame machine
Holík, Štěpán ; Urbánek, Michal (referee) ; Zeizinger, Lukáš (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of using modern methods of machine structures design, especially topological optimization. The first part describes the history of design, design methods in terms of approach to the technical problem and product development process. The second part discusses the various methods used in the design. The methods of topological optimization are compared and software solutions that enable topological optimization are described in detail. The fourth part deals with the dimensioning of components using topological optimization with a demonstration of important details on a specific example in Ansys Mechanical and MSC Apex Generative Design.
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Topology Optimization of the Hinge on Elastic Foundation
Beruashvili, Vasili ; Symonov, Volodymyr (referee) ; Löffelmann, František (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá modifikací původního tvaru součásti za účelem co nejlepšího splnění provozních podmínek daného zatížení a omezujících podmínek v programech M.S.C. NASTRAN, M.S.C. PATRAN a FUSION 360. Součást je připevněna na ortotropní desce (sendvičovém panelu). Cílem této práce je zjištění efektu elastického podkladu na výsledky optimalizace. Součást bude optimalizována za použití různých cílových funkcí a omezení. Elastický podklad změní tuhost, což může změnit napěťový stav součásti. Únosnost původního a modifikovaného tvaru bude srovnána pomocí programu M.S.C NASTRAN/PATRAN. Po tvarové optimalizaci má být 3D model připravený pro výrobní proces, který bude cenově nejefektivnější.
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Shape Optimization of the Machine Components due to Variability of Input Data
Sawadkosin, Paranee ; Jonák, Martin (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
The objective of this Master’s thesis is to find shape optimal design based on min- imizing friction force of thrust bearing by using genetic algorithm(GA) which is one of an optimization toolbox in Matlab. Reducing the friction force of thrust bearing is one way of making shaft to decreasing friction losses. With four parameters of thrust bearing geometry number of segments(m), angle of running surface(), segment inner radius(R0), and segment outer radius(R1) substitute in Reynolds’ equation. In order to know friction force, it is necessary to generate a connecting variable, oil film thickness(h0) from loading capacity(W ) and revolution per minute(rpm). Friction power loss, as well as weight func- tion conclude the final shape optimization of thrust bearing: m = 7, = 0.1, R0 = 15 mm, and R1 = 20 mm.
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Engineering design of the vehicle suspension rocker
Poláček, Vojtěch ; Ramík, Pavel (referee) ; Bradávka, Marek (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with the design and stress analysis of the rocker suspension for an autocross car. The research describes some real cases of using suspension with pushrod and rocker in motorsport. Subsequently, the work deals with the design of the wheel bump/rebound limiting stops and bump/rebound measuring. The challenge is to design a component shape, size and select fit of a rocker with an emphasis on low weight whilst maintaining sufficient strength and rigidity. The design study include stress analysis which leads to optimize the final shape.
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Flexible buried structures
Houšť, Vladimír ; Hrdoušek,, Vladislav (referee) ; Barták,, Jiří (referee) ; Klusáček, Ladislav (referee) ; Stráský, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis is devoted to analysing of flexible buried arch structures. Modelling of the flexible concrete arch is carried out via a nonlinear finite element model that accounts for soil constitutive relations, soil-structure interactions, sequential construction stages and soil compaction. Advanced FE-model was verified by measurement obtained by full-scale field testing of two buried arches. Mathematical optimization methods of genetic algorithms and Levenberg-Marquardt method are applied to already calibrated complex computational models in order to reduce bending and associated flexural stresses in the concrete section of buried arch. Centre line of the arch is parameterized by cubic Bezier curve to reach interpolation of thrust line. Optimization technique is applied with extensive parametrical study which shows the optimal shapes for buried arches of various span/rise ratios, backfill depths and foundation soil types. For practical application are given coordinates of Bézier curve control polygons of particular resulting shape. Subsequently is applied optimization method for a theoretical reduction of tensile stresses obtained by shape optimization of previously verified numerical model of buried arch. Comparisons of earth pressure, bending moment axial force and deflection of flexible structure during sequential construction of different span/raise ratios of buried arches are presented. The behaviour of flexible buried arch with effect of local traffic load model LM1 has been analysed via 3D finite elements model with respect to different depth of backfill above crown.
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New Elements of Heat Transfer Efficiency Improvement in Systems and Units
Turek, Vojtěch ; Klemeš,, Jiří (referee) ; Odstrčil, Miloslav (referee) ; Jegla, Zdeněk (advisor)
Zvýšení efektivity výměny tepla vede k poklesu spotřeby energie, což se následně projeví sníženými provozními náklady, poklesem produkce emisí a potažmo také snížením dopadu na životní prostředí. Běžné způsoby zefektivňování přenosu tepla jako např. přidání žeber či vestaveb do trubek ovšem nemusí být vždy vhodné nebo proveditelné -- zvláště při rekuperaci tepla z proudů s vysokou zanášivostí. Jelikož intenzita přestupu tepla závisí i na charakteru proudění, distribuci toku a zanášení, které lze všechny výrazně ovlivnit tvarem jednotlivých součástí distribučního systému, bylo sestaveno několik zjednodušených modelů pro rychlou a dostatečně přesnou predikci distribuce a také aplikace pro tvarovou optimalizaci distribučních systémů využívající právě tyto modely. Přesnost jednoho z modelů byla dále zvýšena pomocí dat získaných analýzou 282 distribučních systémů v softwaru ANSYS FLUENT. Vytvořené aplikace pak lze využít během návrhu zařízení na výměnu tepla ke zvýšení jejich výkonu a spolehlivosti.
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Optimization of an Adapting Pipes
Svozil, Jan ; Drábková, Sylva (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (referee) ; Štigler, Jaroslav (advisor)
Adapting pipes are a significant part of any pipe-line network and they are the sources of substantial hydraulic losses. They are designed for a manufacturing simplicity, regardless of flow. This paper concerns with lowering of hydraulic losses of adapting pipes by means of the shape optimization. Several methods of a mathematical optimization are tested and due to the complexity of the task and the need of the computational distribution among several computers, the gradient based algorithm is used. These methods loop together with a CFD software then automatically explore the design space. Several optimizations of diffusers with different opening angles, shape parameterizations and boundary conditions are made for the better insight on hydraulic losses. In three chapters there is description of development of parametric description of bend by means of Bezier surfaces. At the end optimum shape is found with hydraulic losses were decreased about 22%, which was not validated by experiment. In the final chapter is application of developed software on the shape optimization of Kaplan draft tube.
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Optimization of an adapting pipes
Svozil, Jan ; Štigler, Jaroslav (advisor)
Adapting pipes are a significant part of any pipe-line network and they are the sources of substantial hydraulic losses. They are designed for a manufacturing simplicity, regardless of flow. This paper concerns with lowering of hydraulic losses of adapting pipes by means of the shape optimization. Several methods of a mathematical optimization are tested and due to the complexity of the task and the need of the computational distribution among several computers, the gradient based algorithm is used. These methods loop together with a CFD software then automatically explore the design space. Several optimizations of diffusers with different opening angles, shape parameterizations and boundary conditions are made for the better insight on hydraulic losses. In three chapters there is description of development of parametric description of bend by means of Bezier surfaces. At the end optimum shape is found with hydraulic losses were decreased about 22%, which was not validated by experiment. In the final chapter is application of developed software on the shape optimization of Kaplan draft tube.
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